Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Brain Cancer Detection

A microstrip patch antenna is a metallic strip or patch mounted on a dielectric layer over a ground plane. An antenna is a transducer that converts electrical signals to electromagnetic waves and radiates into free space.FR-4 substrate is used because it is low- cost and easily available in the market. At first, a compact rectangular shaped microstrip patch antenna which operates at ISM band (2.4-2.4835GHz) is designed for without slot and with slots (center slot, vertical slot and four vertical and center slot). Next the antenna is surfaced on the human head phantom model which consists of six homogeneous layers that are Skin, Fat, Skull, Dura, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Brain. In human head phantom model the tumor is placed at the four different locations (Left side-top and bottom and Right side-top and bottom). The tumor location can be determined by rotating the antenna array to scan the head. Then the antenna is simulated upon the human head phantom for without slot and with slot and the variations in the electric field, magnetic field, return loss and specific absorption rate are measured. It is simulated using the CST Microwave Studio.