Comparative Study of Steering Mechanisms for Large Wheelbase Vehicles

This paper presents an optimum synthesis of Ackermann, rack and pinion and centre lever steering mechanisms using Hookes and Jeeves optimization. The objective function of the optimisation comprises of steering error. The length of the steering arm has been assumed as one-fifth of the wheel track for all cases. The steering error, transmission angle and mechanical advantages of these steering mechanisms have been compared. It has been found that the rack and pinion steering mechanism produces the least steering error. The transmission angle and mechanical advantage of the centre lever steering mechanism are most favourable. A suggestion has been made to replace the existing Ackermann steering mechanism for long wheelbase vehicles by a central outrigger type leading rack and pinion steering mechanism.