Quantitative Areal Analysis of Population Density of India using GIS Tool

Density of population shows the status of economy, livelihood, standard of living and other development of the country. India as a second most populous country of the world has uneven distribution of the population as well as spatial areal variability of density of population. It is an important index of population which shows concentration of population in a particular area. As per the provisional population which population totals of Census 2011, the population density of India has gone up to 382 persons per square kilometer from 325 persons per square kilometer in 2011, on an average, 57 more people inhabit every square kilometer in the country as compared to a decade ago. As is noted our previous study, India accounts for a meager 2.4 percent of the world surface area of 135.79 million square kilometer. On the other hand, it supports and sustains 17.5 percent of the world population. In contrast, USA accounts for 7.2 percent of the surface area with only 4.5 percent of the world population As such among the ten most populous countries of the world; only Bangladesh has a higher population density compared to India. The population density of India from 1901- 2011 is sown in our previous study. Population density map has been done by Arc GIS 9.3 by nested mean method and histogram by Origin Lab. Our present paper emphasis on the areal distribution and areal density of the population as Census year of 2011. To make this, Census data of 2011 have been used and though maps have been prepared. Finally, it has been found that the density of population in India is unevenly distributed.