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- A. Baskaran
- K. Shanmugam
- M. Vinoth Kumar
- S. Manickam
- C. Rajendran
- A. Murugan
- T. Senthilvelan
- A. Gourav Rao
- V. Subravel
- G. Padmanaban
- K. Karthick
- S. Malarvizhi
- S. A. Krishnan
- G. Sasikala
- Shaju K. Albert
- R. Kamal Jayaraj
- G. Vairamani
- T. Senthil Kumar
- P. Sivaraj
- D. Kanagarajan
- R. Karthikeyan
- K. Srinivasan
- M. Salahuddin
- S. Rajakumar
- C. Muralidharan
- N. Viswanathan
- M. Jayaraman
- R. Sivasubramanian
- A. K. Lakshminarayanan
- G. Mahendran
- V. Ganesan
- Tushar Sonar
- T. Venkateswaran
- D. Sivakumar
- P. Hariprasath
- Vijay Petley
- Shweta Verma
- Namita Dusane
- N. Sankar
- A. Hafeezur Rahman
- V. Balaguru
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Balasubramanian, V.
- Friction Stir Welding of Copper Alloys by PTA Hardfaced Chromium Carbide Tools
Abstract Views :456 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 70-78Abstract
In the present work an attempt was made to develop high temperature wear resistant hardfaced tools for friction stir welding (FSW) of commercial grade copper alloys. Hardfacing was applied on mild steel rod using chromium carbide forming powder by plasma transferred arc (PTA) hardfacing process. Commercially available tool materials like high carbon steel (HCS), high speed steel (HSS) and super high speed steel (SHSS) were also used to friction stir weld copper alloy for comparison purpose. From this investigation, it is found that the PTA hardfaced tool yielded defect free joints without tool wear compared to other tools. The optimum level of heat generation, formation of finer grains and higher hardness of stir zone are main reasons for the superior tensile properties of the joints fabricated by PTA hardfaced tungsten carbide tools.
Keywords
Plasma Transferred arc Hardfacing, Friction Stir Welding, Copper Alloy, Tensile Properties, Microstructure.
- Optimizing the Friction Welding Parameters to Maximize Tensile Strength of Sus 304HCu Austenitic Stainless Steel Tube Joints
Abstract Views :324 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar- 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar- 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 48, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 41-49Abstract
The SUS 304HCu austenitic stainless steel is used in superheater / reheater of ultra super critical boilers for their high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance. Cu addition to steels can have adverse effects on the mechanical properties during fusion welding as it can form low temperature eutectic phases that preferentially segregate to the grain boundaries and embrittle the alloy. Friction welding is a solid state welding process where the bonding takes place well below the melting temperature of the alloy, combined with the autogenous nature of this welding process minimizes the adverse effects of low temperature eutectics segregation. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to develop an empirical relationship to predict the tensile strength of the friction welded SUS 304HCu tubes of 57.1 mm outer diameter and 3.5 mm thick using statistical tools such as design of experiments, analysis of variance and regression analysis. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process variables and maximum joint efficiency of 99% was achieved using the optimized friction welding variables.Keywords
SUS 304HCu, Friction Welding, Design of Experiments, Tensile Properties.- Developing an Empirical Relationship to Predict the Strength of Friction Stir Spot Welded Dissimilar Joints of Aluminum Alloy with Carbon Steel
Abstract Views :405 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 61-69Abstract
The present investigation aims at developing an empirical relationship to predict the tensile shear strength of friction stir spot welded (FSSW) dissimiiar joints of (AA6061 aluminum alloy with carbon steel) incorporating parameters such as tool rotational speed, plunge rate, dwell time and tool diameter ratio. Experiments were conducted according to a four factor, five level central composite rotatable design of experiments concept. Strength of the joint was evaluated by a single lap shear test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was used to check the adequacy of the developed relationship. The developed empirical relationship can be effectively used to predict tensile shear strength of the joints at 95% confidence level.Keywords
Friction Stir Spot Welding, Response Surface Methodology, Aluminum Alloy, Mild Steel, Tensile Shear Fracture Load.- Development of Empirical Relationships to Predict Strength of Powder Metallurgically Produced Pure Aluminium and Pure Copper Diffusion Bonded Bimetallic Joints
Abstract Views :389 |
PDF Views:9
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry 607 402, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry 607 402, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 48, No 3 (2015), Pagination: 33-45Abstract
In the present study, pure aluminium (Al) and pure copper (Cu) plates prepared by powder metallurgy (P/M) method were bonded by diffusion bonding technique. From the literature, it was identified that the predominant diffusion bonding process parameters such as bonding temperature, holding time and bonding pressure influence the shear and bonding strength of diffusion bonded joints. In this investigation an attempt was made to develop empirical relationships to predict the shear strength and bonding strength of diffusion bonded bimetallic joints of pure Cu/AI incorporating the above parameters using statistical tools such as design of experiments, analysis of variance and regression analysis. The developed empirical relationships can be used to predict the strength of Cu/AI bimetallic joints at 95% confidence level.Keywords
Pure Copper, Pure Aluminium, Powder Metallurgy, Diffusion Bonding, Design of Experiments, Analysis of variance and Regression Analysis.- Hot Tensile Properties of Filler Added Constant Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welded AISI 304HCu Super Austenitic Stainless Steel Joints
Abstract Views :355 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu - 608002, IN
2 Naval Material Research Laboratory (NMRL), Ambernath, Mumbai - 421506, IN
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu - 608002, IN
2 Naval Material Research Laboratory (NMRL), Ambernath, Mumbai - 421506, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 48, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 61-67Abstract
AISI 304HCu austenitic stainless steel containing 2.3 to 3 (% wt) of Cu is mainly used in superheaters and reheater of ultra super critical (USC) boilers which operates over 600°C of steam temperature. Austenitic stainless steels welded by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) alters the phase composition, and microstructure of the steel in the fusion zone of welds and may affect the mechanical properties. In our previous investigation, it is found that autogenous welding of AISI 304HCu tubes resulted in segregation of alloying elements in the weld metal and resulted in joints with inferior tensile strength. Hence, in this study the high temperature tensile properties of filler added GTA welded AISI 304HCu tube joints were evaluated and correlated with the microstructural features. The tensile strength of the filler added GTA weld joints was higher than the parent metal at all test temperatures and the weld joint with filler addition was recommended for application in USC boilers.Keywords
AISI 304HCu, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, High Temperature Tensile Properties, Ultra Super Critical Boilers.- Optimizing the Pulsed Current GTAW Process Parameters to Attain Maximum Tensile Strength Using RSM
Abstract Views :368 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 43-56Abstract
In this investigation, an attempt has been made to predict the tensile strength of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded (PCGTAW) AZ31B magnesium alloy joints using RSM incorporating process parameters such as peak to base current ratio, welding speed, pulse frequency and pulse on time as variables. The experiments were conducted based on a four-factor, five-level, central composite design matrix. The developed empirical relationship can be effectively used to predict the tensile strength of PCGTAW joints of AZ31B magnesium alloy at 95% confidence level. The results indicated that welding speed and pulse frequency has the greatest influence on tensile strength, followed by current ratio, pulse on time. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize PCGTAW parameters to attain a maximum tensile strength of 214 MPa (78 % of base metal strength) in the AZ31B Magnesium alloy joints.Keywords
AZ31B Magnesium Alloy, Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, Response Surface Methodology, Optimization, Tensile Strength.- Developing Diffusion Bonding Windows for Joining Powder Metallurgically Produced Pure Aluminium and Pure Copper
Abstract Views :379 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry 607 402, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry 607 402, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 43-56Abstract
In this investigation, pure aluminium (Al) and pure copper plates manufactured by powder metallurgy (P/M) technique were bonded by diffusion bonding. Joining of these materials by fusion welding is difficult because of the formation oxide films and brittle intermetallic compounds in the bond region which affect the quality of bonds. However, diffusion bonding is a suitable process to join these materials without much difficulties. In this investigation, an attempt was made to develop the diffusion bonding windows to join pure Al with pure Cu plates produced by P/M technique using different combinations of process parameters such as bonding temperature, bonding pressure and holding time The quality of bonds was checked by the microstructure analysis. Diffusion bonding windows (DBW) presented in this paper will act as reference maps for selecting appropriate process parameters to join pure Al with pure Cu plates fabricated by P/M technique.Keywords
Pure Aluminium, Pure Copper, Powder Metallurgy, Diffusion Bonding Window.- Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Joints of Aisi 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel and Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel
Abstract Views :490 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
K. Karthick
1,
S. Malarvizhi
2,
V. Balasubramanian
3,
S. A. Krishnan
4,
G. Sasikala
4,
Shaju K. Albert
4
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603 102, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603 102, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 36-49Abstract
In liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactors, the dissimilar joint between grade 91 ferritic steel and 316LN stainless steel is frequently encountered. For better integrity assessment, mechanical properties of each region need be evaluated. In the present investigation, dissimilar joints between grade 91 to 316LN SS were fabricated by shielded metal arc welding process using nickel based electrodes. Mechanical properties (Tensile and impact toughness) of different regions were evaluated by placing the notch at each location. Microhardness variation across the dissimilar joint was recorded. Microstructural analyses of various regions were done by optical and scanning electron microscopy. From this investigation, it is understood that the in-homogeneous mechanical properties were observed across the dissimilar joint. The development of complex microstructure at the fusion interfaces will alter the mechanical properties across the dissimilar joint.Keywords
Welding, Dissimilar Joint, Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, Microhardness.References
- Karthick K, Malarvizhi S, Balasubramanian V, Krishnan SA, Sasikala G and Albert SK (2017); Tensile properties of shielded metal arc welded dissimilar joints of nuclear grade ferritic steel and austenitic stainless steel, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 25(5-6), pp.171178.
- Teemu S, Matias A, Roman M, Pekka N, Päivi KR, Ulla E and Hannu H (2016); Microstructural, mechanical, and fracture mechanical characterization of SA 508-Alloy 182 dissimilar metal weld in view of mismatch state, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 145, pp.13-22.
- Jang C, Lee J, Sung KJ and Eun JT (2008); Mechanical property variation within inconel 82/182 dissimilar metal weld between low alloy steel and 316 stainless steel, International Journal of Pressure Vessels Piping, 85(9), pp.635-646.
- Kim JW, Lee K, Kim JS and Byun TS (2009); Local mechanical properties of alloy 82/182 dissimilar weld joint between SA508 Gr.1a and F316 SS at RT and 320°C, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 384(3), pp. 212-221.
- Pandey S, Prasad R, Singh PK and Rathod DW (2014); Investigation on dissimilar metal welds of SA312 type 304LN pipe (extruded) and SA508Gr.3Cl.1 pipe (forged), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India, Report No. 2008/36/107-BRNS/4038A.
- Zhang ZL, Hauge M, Thaulowa C and Ødegård J (2009); A notched cross weld tensile testing method for determining true stress-strain curves for weldments, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 69(3), pp.353-366.
- Wendell B, Jones CR, Hills D and Polonis H (1991); Microstructural evolution of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel, Metallurgical Transactions A, 22, pp.1049-1058.
- Wang HT, Wang GZ, Xuan FZ, Liu CJ, Tu ST (2014) Local mechanical properties of a dissimilar metal welded joint in nuclear power systems, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 568, pp.108-117.
- Rathod DW, Pandey S, Singh PK and Prasad R (2015); Mechanical properties variations and comparative analysis of dissimilar metal pipe welds in pressure vessel system of nuclear plants, Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 138(1), pp. 011403-011409.
- IGCAR, Prototype fast breeder reactor specification for the qualification of the welding consumables, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India, Report No. PFBR/32040/SP/1002/R-0.
- Determining the Minimum Corrosion Conditions for the Stir Zone of Friction Stir Welded AA6061 Aluminium Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :411 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 58-65Abstract
Joining of aluminium is commonly done in automobile industries because of its light weight and high specific strength. In recent days, friction stir welding (FSW) is widely preferred to join aluminium than fusion-welding processes. In this joint, grains are very fine in stir zone (SZ) compared to the other zones. Due to this extreme change in the microstructure at the SZ, the mechanical properties (tensile strength, hardness, etc) of the FSW joints are superior but the corrosion resistance of SZ is very poor. The concentration of chloride ion, exposure time and pH value are reported to be the more influencing corrosion test parameters. The present work aims to determine combination of these pitting corrosion test parameters to attain a minimum corrosion rate at the SZ of friction stir welded aluminium alloy, AA6061-T6, by response surface methodology (RSM). From the results obtained, chloride ion concentration is reportedly had higher effect on corrosion rate than the other two parameters considered.Keywords
AA6061 Aluminium Alloy, Stir Zone, Response Surface Methodology, Pitting Corrosion Test.References
- Grard C (2004); Introduction to Aluminium and Its Alloys, Corrosion of Aluminium.
- Dashwood RJ and Grimes R (2010); Structural Materials: Aluminum and Its Alloys - Properties', in Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering. Chichester, UK: John Wiley {&} Sons, Ltd, 262.
- Totten GE, MacKenzie DS (eds) (2003); Handbook of Aluminum. New York; Basel: M. Dekker.
- Baboian R (ed.) (1995); Corrosion Tests and Standards: Application and Interpretation. Philadelphia, PA: ASTM ({ASTM} Manual Series).
- Mathers G (2002); The Welding of Aluminium and its Alloys, The Welding of Aluminium and its Alloys. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
- Cornu J, Weston J, Greener S, Cornu, J (2013); Fundamentals of fusion welding technology. Berlin: Springer (Advanced Welding Systems).
- Kumar DA, Biswas P, Tikader S, Mahapatra, MM Mandal NR (2013); A study on friction stir welding of 12mm thick aluminum alloy plates, Journal of Marine Science and Application, 12(4), 493-499.
- Thomas WM, Nicholas ED, Needham JC, Murch, MG, Temple-Smith P and Dawes, CJ (1995); Friction welding. Google Patents.
- Amini K, Gharavi F (2016); Influence of welding speed on corrosion behaviour of friction stir welded AA5086 aluminium alloy, Journal of Central South University, 23(6), 1301-1311.
- Ezuber H, El-Houd A, El-Shawesh F (2008); A study on the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloys in seawater, Materials & Design, 29(4), 801-805.
- Stansbury EE Buchanan RA (2000); Fundamentals of electrochemical corrosion. Materials Park, OH: ASM International.
- Garcia SJ, Muster TH, Ozkanat O, Sherman N, Hughes AE, Terryn H, de Wit JHW, Mol JMC (2010); The influence of pH on corrosion inhibitor selection for 2024-T3 aluminium alloy assessed by high-throughput multi-electrode and potentiodynamic testing, Electrochimica Acta, 55(7), 2457-2465.
- Curioni M (2014); The behaviour of magnesium during free corrosion and potentiodynamic polarization investigated by real-time hydrogen measurement and optical imaging, Electrochimica Acta, 120, 284-292.
- Zhao M-C, Liu M, Song G-L, Atrens A (2008); Influence of pH and chloride ion concentration on the corrosion of Mg alloy ZE41, Corrosion Science, 50(11), 3168-3178.
- Jayaraj RK, Malarvizhi S, Balasubramanian V (2016); Predicting pitting corrosion rate of weld nugget (stir zone) of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of aluminium -magnesium alloys, Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, 11(4), 178-183.
- Jayaraj RK, Malarvizhi S and Balasubramanian V (2017); Determination of minimum corrosion conditions for the stir zone of friction stir welded AZ31B magnesium alloy, Manufacturing Technology Today, 16(4), 12-21.
- Porciuncula CB, Marcilio NR, Tessaro IC, Gerchmann M (2012); Production of hydrogen in the reaction between aluminum and water in the presence of NaOH and KOH, Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 29(2), 337-348.
- Predicting Tensile Strength and Interface Hardness of Friction Welded Dissimilar Joints of Austenitic Stainless Steel and Aluminium Alloy by Empirical Relationships
Abstract Views :274 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seshasayee Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University of Chennai, Tiruchirappalli Campus, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seshasayee Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University of Chennai, Tiruchirappalli Campus, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 46, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 67-75Abstract
Friction welding can be used to join different types of ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals that cannot be welded by traditional fusion welding processes. The process parameters such as rotational speed, friction pressure, forging pressure, friction time and forging time play the major roles in determining the strength of the joints. In this investigation, an attempt was made to develop empirical relationships to predict the tensile strength and interface hardness of friction welded dissimilar joints of AIS I304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) and AA6082 aluminium (Al) alloy using statistical tools such as design of experiments, analysis of variance and regression analysis. The developed empirical relationships can be effectively used to predict tensile strength and interface hardness of friction welded dissimilar joints of ASS-AI at 95% confidence level.
Keywords
Friction Welding, Austenitic Stainless Steel, Aluminium Alloy, Design of Experiments, Analysis of Variance, Tensile Strength.- Fatigue Behaviour of Friction Stir Welded Rolled Thick Plates of AA7075-T651 Aluminium Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :230 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 46, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 31-43Abstract
The fatigue strength of welded joints represents the core problem for their industrial applications. Friction stir welding (FSW) demonstrated the enhancement of fatigue resistance for aluminium alloys, with respect to traditional fusion techniques. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the fatigue properties of 12 mm thick AA 7075 -T651 aluminium alloy plates joined by friction stir welding (FSW) process. The fatigue properties were evaluated under uniaxial tensile loading condition (stress ratio = 0.1, Frequency=10Hz) at room temperature using servo-hydraulic controlled machine. The fatigue endurance (S-N) curves of the welded joints and unwelded parent metal were constructed. The resultant fatigue properties were correlated with the tensile, hardness and microstructural characteristics of welded joints. The mode of failure was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the fatigue life of friction stir welded AA 7075- T651 Aluminium alloy joints is appreciably lower than unwelded parent metal but it is higher than fusion welded joints.
Keywords
AA 7075 Aluminium Alloy, Friction Stir Welding, Fatigue, Microstructure.- Effect of Tool Materials on Tensile Properties of Friction Stir Welded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy
Abstract Views :236 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 42, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 25-32Abstract
In this investigation, an attempt was made to study the effect of tool materials on tensile properties of friction stir welded AZ31B magnesium alloy. Tools made of five different materials were used to fabricate the joints. Tensile properties of the joints were evaluated and correlated with the weld zone microstructure and hardness. From this investigation, it is found that the joint fabricated using the tool made of high carbon steel exhibited superior tensile properties compared to their counterparts. The absence of defects in weld region, presence of very fine equiaxed grains in the weld region and higher hardness in the weld region are the main reasons for superior tensile properties of these joints.
Keywords
Magnesium Alloy, Friction Stir Welding, Tensile Properties, Tool Material.- Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW) of AA1100 Aluminum Alloy — Parameters Optimization and Sensitivity
Abstract Views :204 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 43, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 35-46Abstract
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a single spot solid state joining process and has widely been employed in transportation industries especially for joining lightweight materials such as aluminum, copper and magnesium alloys. FSSW process parameters such as tool rotational speed, plunge rate, plunge depth, dwell time play major role in determining the strength of the joints. A central composite rotatable design with four factors and five levels has been chosen to minimize the number of experimental conditions. An empirical relationship is established to predict the tensile shear fracture load (TSFL) of friction stir spot-welded commercial grade (AA1100) aluminum alloy by incorporating independently controllable above said process parameters. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is applied to optimize the process parameters to attain maximum shear strength in the spot welded lap joints. Sensitivity analysis also carried out to study the impact of process parameters on output.
Keywords
Friction Stir Spot Welding, Aluminum Alloy, Response Surface Methodology, Optimization, Sensitivity Analysis.- Effect of Heat Input on Emissions during Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Mild Steel
Abstract Views :180 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar - 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Clean Technology Division, Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi - 110003, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar - 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Clean Technology Division, Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi - 110003, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 43, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 23-31Abstract
This paper reports the effect of welding heat input on welding emissions and its compositions during shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) of mildsteel plates. Five levels of heat input were used to fabricate the joints. Fume generation rate (FGR) and percent fume were determined by AWS methods. Composition of welding fume (particulate emission and gaseous emission) was evaluated. Mechanical properties (strength, hardness and toughness) and microstructural analysis of the weld deposits were evaluated. It is found that lower level of welding heat input is beneficial to weld mild steel by SMAW process due to lower level of welding emissions and superior mechanical properties of the joints.
Keywords
Shielded Metal Arc Welding, Fume Generation Rate, Mildsteel, Tensile Properties.- Sensitivity Analysis on Friction Stir Welding Process and Tool Parameters for Joining AA6061-T6 Aluminium Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :201 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, IN
2 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, IN
2 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 43, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 32-42Abstract
AA6061-T6 aluminium alloy (AlMgSi alloy) has gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring a high strength-to weight ratio and good corrosion resistance. Compared to the fusion welding processes that are routinely used for joining structural aluminium alloys, friction stir welding (FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt and recast. The FSW process and tool parameters play a major role in deciding the joint strength. In this paper relationship between the FSW parameters (tool rotational speed, welding speed, axial force, shoulder diameter, pin diameter and tool hardness) and the tensile strength of the joint was established. Statistical tools such as analysis of variance (ANOVA), response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the FSW parameters. A sensitivity analysis is carried out and compared the relative impact of input parameters on tensile strength in order to verify the measurement errors on the values of the uncertainty in estimated parameters.
Keywords
Friction Stir Welding, Design of Experiments, Analysis of Variance, Response Surface Methodology, Sensitivity Analysis.- Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Electron Beam Welded AA2219 Alyminium Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :214 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining &. Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Engineering, Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), Kanchanbagh (P.O), Hyderabad, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining &. Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Engineering, Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), Kanchanbagh (P.O), Hyderabad, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 43, No 4 (2010), Pagination: 34-43Abstract
AA2219 aluminium alloy joints without filler metal addition were produced using electron beam welding (EBW) process. Microstructure characteristics, tensile properties, fatigue strength and fatigue crack growth resistance of the welds were evaluated and presented in this paper.
Keywords
AA2219 Aluminium Alloy, Electron Beam Welding, Artificial Aging Treatment, Tensile Properties, Fatigue Performance.- Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Process Parameters to Weld Cast A356 Aluminium Alloy Taguchi's Design of Experiments Approach
Abstract Views :213 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechatronics Engg., Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode, IN
2 Mech.Engg., Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
1 Mechatronics Engg., Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode, IN
2 Mech.Engg., Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 41, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 34-41Abstract
This paper presents an application of Taguchi's Design of Experiments, to identify the optimum setting of process parameters to maximize the tensile strength of friction stir welded cast A356 aluminium alloy. The quality of weldments in friction stir welding (FSW) process mainly depends on the factors such as tool rotational speed, welding speed and axial force. Taguchi's orthogonal array L27, signal to noise ratio (S/N) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are used to find the optimum levels and the effect of process parameters on tensile strength. To correlate the process parameters and the measured tensile strength, a mathematical model has been developed by multiple linear regression analysis. The mathematical model is found to be very useful to predict the tensile strength of friction stir welded cast A356 aluminium alloy. The optimum conditions to get maximum tensile strength are tool rotation speed of 1000 rpm, welding speed of 75 mm/min and axial force of 5 kN.
Keywords
Friction Stir Welding, Cast Aluminium Alloy, Tensile Strength, Taguchi Design, Regression Analysis.- Developing Empirical Relationships to Predict Diffusion Layer Thickness, Hardness and Strength of Al-Cu Dissimilar Joints
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Material Joining & Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
2 Mech. Engg, Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry, IN
1 Centre for Material Joining & Research, Manufacturing Dept., Annamalai University, IN
2 Mech. Engg, Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 41, No 3 (2008), Pagination: 37-45Abstract
The principal difficulty when joining Aluminium (Al) and commercial grade Copper (Cu) lies in the existence of formation of oxide films and brittle intermetallics in the bond region. However, diffusion bonding can be used to join these alloys without much difficulty. Temperature, pressure and holding time are the three main variables, which govern the integrity of the diffusion bonds. The experiments were conducted based on three factors, five-levels, and central composite rotatable design with full replications technique. Empirical relationships were developed to predict diffusion layer thickness, hardness, strength of Al-Cu joints incorporating process parameters using Response Surface Methodology. The developed relationships can be effectively used to predict the bond properties at 95 % confidence level.
Keywords
Diffusion Bonding, Aluminium Alloy, Commercial Grade Copper, Lap Shear Tensile Strength, Ram Tensile Strength.- Influence of Current Pulsing on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welded AISI 304L Austenite Stainless Steel Joints
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 52, No 4 (2019), Pagination: 59-65Abstract
The Austenitic Stainless Steels (ASS) are probably the most widely used materials in stainless steels, category AISI 304L is an important grade of the ASS, which is commonly used in many of important industries such as containers of transporting chemicals, oil refinery, nuclear reactor tanks, dairy industries, and textile industries. Currently, 304L Austenitic stainless steel sheets are used as fuel tanks in Armour Fighting Vehicle (AFV). These tanks are fabricated by conventional Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process. In conventional welding, fusion zones typically exhibit coarse columnar grains because of the prevailing thermal conditions during weld metal solidification. This often results in inferior weld mechanical properties. Interpulse Tungsten Inert Gas (IPTIG) welding is a new variant of conventional Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process. This process offers many advantages over conventional TIG welding process such as narrow heat affected zone, deeper penetration compared to Constant Current TIG (CCTIG) and Pulsed Current TIG (PCTIG) welding processes. The present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of arc pulsing technique on cross sectional weld bead profile, micro hardness, microstructure and the tensile properties of welded joints. It is found that IPTIG welded joints showed superior mechanical properties compared to CCTIG and PCTIG joints, and this is mainly due to formation of finer grains in the fusion zone, caused by the combined effect of arc constriction and pulsating action.Keywords
Tungsten Inert Gas, Austenitic Stainless Steel, Interpulse TIG Welding, Tensile Properties, Microstructure.References
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- Lippold JC and Koteki DJ (2005); Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless steels 2nd ed. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
- Giridharan PK and Murugan N (2009); Optimization of pulsed GTA welding process parameters for the welding of AISI 304L stainless steel sheets. Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 40, pp. 478–489.
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- Yousefieh M, Shamanian M and Saatchi A (2011); Influence of heat input in pulsed current GTAW process on microstructure and corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel welds. J. Iron and Steel Research International, 18(9), pp.65-69.
- Kou S and Le Y (1986); Nucleation mechanism and grain refining of weld metal. Welding Journal, 65, pp. 305-313.
- Farahani F, Shamanian F and Ashrafizadeh A (2012); Comparative study on direct and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding of Alloy 617. AMAE Int J Manufacturing and Material Science, 02 (01), pp.1-6.
- Yousefieh M, Shamanian M and Arghavan AR (2012); Analysis of design of experiments methodology for optimization of pulsed current GTAW process parameters for ultimate tensile strength of UNS S32760 welds. Metallogr Microstruct Anal, 1, pp. 85–91.
- Balasubramanian M, Jayabalan V and Balasubramanian V (2010); Effect of process parameters of pulsed current tungsten inert gas welding on weld pool geometry of titanium welds. Acta Metallurgica. Sinica. (English Letters), 23(4), pp.312-320.
- Effect of Delta Current Frequency (DCF) on Microstructure and Tensile properties of Gas Tungsten Constricted Arc (GTCA) welded Inconel 718 Alloy Joints
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University , Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, IN
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University , Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 53, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 65-74Abstract
Inconel 718 is a nickel-based superalloy mostly used in high temperature applications in aerospace sector due to its extensive mechanical properties and weldability . Gas T ungsten Arc Welding (GT AW) process is widely used for joining of Inconel 718 alloy for cleaner , precise and high-quality welds. However , due to the high heat input and wider arc associated with this process, it is having certain metallurgical problems in welding, such as coarse dendritic structure and segregation of alloying elements in weld metal region which significantly reduces the mechanical properties of the joints. T o overcome these limitations, a newly developed Gas T ungsten Constricted Arc Welding (GTCAW) process is employed to join Inconel 718 alloy . It is the advanced configuration of GTAW process, based on magnetic arc constriction induced by high frequency pulsing of the current known as Delta Current. The main objective of this investigation is to study the effect of Delta Current Frequency (DCF) on the weldability of Inconel 718 alloy for its viability in aerospace applications. The joints welded at 4 kHz showed superior tensile properties due to the refinement of grains in fusion zone. Increase in DCF results in decrease in tensile properties of the joints due to the coarsening of dendritic fusion zone microstructure. It is attributed to the stacking of heat input during welding.Keywords
Gas Tungsten Constricted Arc Welding, GTCAW, Delta Current Frequency, Inconel 718, T Ensile Properties, Microstructure.References
- Gordine J (1970); Welding of Inconel 718, Welding Research Supplement, pp.531-537 .
- Lund CH (1961) Physical Metallurgy of Nickel Base Superalloys, Defence Metals Information Centre (DMIC) Report 153, Battelle Memorial Institute, Ohio.
- Lippold J, DuPont JC, DuPont JN, Kiser SD (2009); Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Nickel Base Alloys, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , New Jersey .
- Gordine J (1970); Some Problems in Welding Inconel 718, Welding Journal, pp.480-484.
- Wagner HJ, Hall A (1965), Physical Metallurgy of Alloy 718, Defence Metals Information Centre (DMIC), Report 217 , Battle Memorial Institute Columbus Ohio.
- Radhakrishna CH, Prasad Rao K (1997); The formation and control of Laves phase in superalloy 718 welds, Journal of Materials Science 32, pp.1977-1984.
- Janaki Ram GD, Reddy AV , Rao KP , Reddy GM (2005); Microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 electron beam welds, Materials Science and T echnology 21, pp.1132-1138.
- Madhusudan Reddy G, Srinivasa Murthy C V , Srinivasa Rao K, Prasad Rao K (2009); Improvement of mechanical properties of Inconel 718 electron beam welds- influence of welding techniques and post weld heat treatment, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing T echnology 43, pp.671-680.
- Agilan M, Krishna CS, Manwatkar SK, Vinayan EG, Sivakumar D, Pant B (2004); Effect of Welding Processes (GT AW & EBW) and Solutionizing T emperature on Microfissuring T endency in Inconel 718 Welds, Materials Science Forum710, pp.603-607 .
- Huang CA, Wang TH, Lee CH, Han WC (2005); A study of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of an Inconel 718 sheet welded with electron-beam welding (EBW), Materials Science and Engineering: A 398, pp.275-281.
- Leary RK, Merson E, Birmingham K, Harvey D, Brydson R (2010); Microstructural and microtextural analysis of InterPulse GTCAW welds in Cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V ,Materials Science and Engineering: A 527 , pp.7694-7705.
- Sudarshan Rao G, Saravanan K, Harikrishnan G, Sharma VMJ, Ramesh Narayan P , Sreekumar K, Sinha P (2012); Local Deformation Behaviour of Inconel 718 TIG weld-o ments at Room T emperature and 550 C, Materials Science Forum, 710, pp.439-444.
- Cortes R, Barragan ER, Lopez VH, Ambriz RR, Jaramillo D (2018); Mechanical properties of Inconel 718 welds performed by Gas T ungsten Arc welding, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing T echnology , 94 (9-12), pp.3949-3961.
- Rodríguez NK, Barragán ER, Lijanova IV , Cortés R, Ambriz RR, Méndez C, Jaramillo D (2017); Heat Input Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Gas T ungsten Arc Welds, Proceedings of the 17th International Conferenceon New T rends in Fatigue and Fracture, pp.255-262.
- Agilan M, Krishna CS, Manwatkar SK, Vinayan EG, Sivakumar D, Pant B (2004);Effect of Welding Processes (GT AW & EBW) and Solutionizing T emperature on Microfissuring T endency in Inconel 718 Welds, Materials Science Forum 710, pp.603-607 .
- Reddy GM, Murthy CVS,Viswanathan N, Prasad Rao K (2007); Effects of electron beam oscillation techniques on solidification behaviour and stress rupture properties of Inconel 718 welds, Science and T echnology of Welding and Joining, 12, pp.106-114.
- Mei Y , Liu Y , Liu C, Li C, Guo Q, Li H (2016); Effect of base metal and welding speed on fusion zone microstructure and HAZ hot cracking of electron beam welded Inconel 718, Materials and Design, 89, pp.964-977 .
- Ram GDJ, Reddy A, Prasad Rao K, Madhusudhan Reddy G, Sarin Sundar J (2005); Microstructure and T ensile properties of Inconel 718 pulsed Nd-Yag Laser Welds, Journal of Materials Processing T echnology , 167 , pp.73-82.
- Odabasi A, Unlu N, Goller G, Eruslu MN (2010); A Study on Laser Beam Welding (LBW) T echnique: Effect of Heat Input on the Microstructural Evolution of Superalloy Inconel 718, Metallurgical and Materials T ransactions A, 41, pp.2357-2365.
- Cao X, Rivaux B, Jahazi M, Cuddy J, Birur A (2009); Effect of pre- and post-weld heat treatment on metallurgical and tensile properties of Inconel 718 alloy butt joints welded using 4 kW Nd-Yag laser welding, Journal of Material Science, 44, pp.4557-4571.
- Sivaprasad K, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Mastanaiah P , Madhusudhan Reddy G (2006); Influence of magnetic arc oscillation and current pulsing on microstructure and high temperature tensile strength of alloy 718 TIG weldments, Materials Science and Engineering A, 428, pp.327-331.
- Ram GDJ, Venugopal Reddy , A, Prasad Rao K, Reddy GM (2004); Control of Laves phase in Inconel 718 GTA welds INDIAN WELDING JOURNAL Vol ume 53 No. 2, A pri l , 2020 with current pulsing, Science and T echnology of Welding and Joining, 9, pp.390-398.
- Sonar T , Balasubramanian V , Malarvizhi S, Venkateswaran T , Sivakumar D (2019); Effect of Delta Current on the microstructure and tensile properties of Gas T ungsten Constricted Arc welded Inconel 718 alloy joints, Manufacturing T echnology T oday 8, pp.48-60.
- Manikandan SGK, Sivakumar D, Kamaraj M, Prasad Rao K (2012); Laves phase control in Inconel 718 weldments, Material Science Forum, 710, pp.614-619.
- Radhakrishna CH, Prasad Rao K (1997); The formation and control of Laves phase in superalloy 718 welds, Journal of Materials Science, 32, pp.1977-1984.
- Sivaprasad K, Sundara Raman G (2008); Influence of weld cooling rate, on microstructure and mechanical properties of Alloy 718 weldments, Metallurgical and Materials T ransactions A, 39, pp.2115-2127 .
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- Influence of Joint Configuration on Linear Friction Welded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Joints
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor and Head, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Scientist F, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
5 Scientist D, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor and Head, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Scientist F, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
5 Scientist D, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 67-75Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is a unique material for structural applications of aerospace industry for the excellent strength and lightweight. The fusion welding of this Titanium alloy resulted severe residual stress formation and coarser grains in the fusion zone. To overcome these problems, a solid state linear friction welding (LFW) is a emerge technique to joining of blade and disk assembly in the next generation aero engines. The plastic deformation followed by forging action resulted finer grain structures in welded regions. This investigation elaborated mechanical behavior and microstructural characteristics of linear friction welded joints. The welding parameters established by statistical response surface methodology. The fabricated joints yielded maximum tensile strength and joint efficiency of 1011 MPa and 98%. The lower microhardness recorded in the thermo mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) among the weld cross section. The weld nugget microstructure composed of equiaxed grain structure. The fracture surface revealed that joints failed under ductile mode. The result concluded that the weld failure mainly due to grain coarsening subsequent deformation leads to weld failure in the LFW joint.Keywords
Linear Friction Welding, Titanium Alloy, Microhardness, Microstructures, Fractography.References
- Bhamji I, Preuss M, Moat RJ, Threadgill PL and Addison AC (2012); Linear friction welding of aluminium to magnesium. Sci Technol Weld Join., 17 (5), pp. 368-374 .
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- Role of IoT and AI in Welding Industry 4.0
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Authors
Affiliations
1 G.S.Mandal's Maharashtra Institute of Technology,Aurangabad - 431010, Maharashtra State, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu State, IN
3 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Hinduja College of Commerce Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra State, IN
1 G.S.Mandal's Maharashtra Institute of Technology,Aurangabad - 431010, Maharashtra State, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu State, IN
3 Department of Computer Science and Applications, Hinduja College of Commerce Mumbai 400004, Maharashtra State, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 54-62Abstract
The IoT (Internet of Thing) basically pertains to the concept of linking anything that is powered both to the internet and each other and simulating human intelligence by machines, particularly computer systems is artificial intelligence. It includes learning (acquisition of data and rules for exploiting the data), logic (exploiting rules to arrive at probable or definitive findings) and selfrectification. Many automatic welding machines are now connected to a computer and are fully networked and can be reached anywhere in world from a computer at any time. The first apparent use would be in the evaluation and configuration of the equipment itself, as the equipment must be regularly interfaced with a network to perform these functions. Future IoT technology for the welding sector is likely to emerge largely as part of an artificial intelligence network, as it would be extremely beneficial to control and monitor functions even though the system is not in connection with internet. Simulating human intelligence by machines, specifically computers is known as Artificial intelligence (AI). It includes learning (acquisition of data and rules for exploiting the data), logic (exploiting rules to arrive at probable or definitive findings) and self-rectification. AI is incorporated into a variety of different types of technology. AI will have IoT flexibility which would play a major role in complying the requirements of Welding Industry 4.0.References
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- Effect of Rotatory Arc Welding Technology on Metallurgical and Mechanical Performance of Armour Grade Steel Joints
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
2 Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
3 Professor, Head and Director, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
4 Scientist, Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), DRDO, Avadi, Chennai, IN
5 Outstanding Scientist, Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), DRDO, Avadi, Chennai, IN
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
2 Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
3 Professor, Head and Director, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, IN
4 Scientist, Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), DRDO, Avadi, Chennai, IN
5 Outstanding Scientist, Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), DRDO, Avadi, Chennai, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 2 (2022), Pagination: 76-88Abstract
This work is aimed to investigate the arc rotation effect on mechanical properties and metallurgical characteristics of 18 mm thickness armour grade quenched and tempered (Q & T) steel joints. Mechanical properties like tensile, impact toughness and microhardness were evaluated from welded joints. Metallurgical characteristics of welded joints like macrostructure, microstructure, and weld metal chemical composition were analyzed. From the results, it is observed that the rotating arc gas metal welded (RTA-GMW) joint contain minimum heat affected zone width (1.8 mm) and exhibits better tensile properties (784 MPa) due to the decrease in heat density caused by arc rotation of the joining process. The impact toughness properties of weld joint showed 36 % improvement than the unwelded base metal. Microstructural studies also revealed higher volume percentage of fine delta ferrite (δ-Fe) with vermicular type δ-Fe morphological future in the weld joint. The rotation arc caused reduction in heat input, enhanced strength, impact toughness properties and creation of vermicular type δ-Fe morphology in armour grade Q&T steel welded joints.Keywords
Armour Steel, Rotating Arc Welding, Mechanical Properties, Metallurgical Behaviour.References
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Professor & Director Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Faculty of Engineering & Technology Annamalai University, Annamalainagar (P.O), Chidambaram – 608002, IN
1 Professor & Director Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR) Faculty of Engineering & Technology Annamalai University, Annamalainagar (P.O), Chidambaram – 608002, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 4 (2022), Pagination:Abstract
.Joining and welding is an essential component of manufacturing technology. New developments in joining and welding are evolved in order to acquire extraordinary benefits such as unique joint properties, synergistic mix of materials, cost reduction of component, increase productivity and quality, complex geometrical configurations, suitability and selection of material to manufacture new products. This paper provides an update on recent developments of welding and joining to showcase above benefits. Theoretical background, process parameters, novel aspects, process capabilities, and process variants along with its application are presented in this paper. The recent research works carried out in Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University on advanced welding and joining techniques such as friction stir welding (FSW), diffusion bonding (DB), linear friction welding (LFW) , gas tungsten constricted arc welding (GTCAW), rotating arc gas metal arc welding (RAGMAW) and wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) are discussed in this paper.References
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