International Journal of Agricultural Engineering

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Energy Analysis of Different Sowing Equipment for Cultivation of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum G.)


Affiliations
1 Department Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Shriram College of Agriculture Engineering (JNKVV) Paniv, Solapur (M.S.), India
2 Central Farm Machinery Training Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.), India
     

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The energy analysis and performance of four sowing equipment treatment was determined for cultivation of wheat crop. Four different treatment such as zero till seed-cumfertilizer drill, roto till seed-cum-fertilizer drill, 1x cultivator + 1 x disc harrow + seed-cum- fertilizer drill,1 x cultivator + 2 x disc harrow + raised bed planter at all prevailing environmental condition such climatic condition i.e. temperature and relative humidity, physical properties of soil i.e. soil moisture content, bulk density and shear strength, as well as machine and crop parameters were studied before sowing treatment (Aikins and Afuakwa, 2010). There are several drills like conventional, zero till, roto till, raised bed planting etc. can be used for sowing wheat. The improved machines not only deliver the desired amount of seed and fertilizer but also save time and energy. In each treatment the energy consumed in the form of direct energy, indirect energy, renewable energy, non-renewable energy, commercial energy and non-commercial energy was estimated taking into account all the inputs like seed, fertilizer, FYM, machines, human labour, diesel, etc. The source wise energy was minimum (13178.30MJ/ha) in treatment T2 and 13300.19MJ/ha, 14236.79MJ/ ha and 14686.61MJ/ha in treatments T1, T3 and T4, respectively. The operation wise energy was minimum (5066.30MJ/ha) in treatment T2 and 5188.19MJ/ha, 6124.79MJ/ha and 6574.61MJ/ha in treatments T1, T3 and T4, respectively (Arvidsson, 2010). The performance of seed drill is improved by manipulating the depth of sowing and thickness of soil cover over the seed as well as pressing the soil cover. Better soil pulverization was observed in case of treatment T2 where seed bed was prepared by rotary tiller. Cone index was found to be minimum at different depths in treatment T4 which includes 1 x cultivator followed by 2 x disc harrow then sowing by using raised bed planter. The similar trend was observed even at 100 DAS. The field efficiency was found to be maximum (77.02%) in treatment T1 and minimum (60.91%) in treatment T4. Number of plants/m length, seed emergence, plant population were also less in treatment T1 and similar in treatment T2, T3 and T4. It was found more in treatment T4 (Atkinson et al., 2007).

Keywords

Energy, Fertilizer, FYM, Machines, Human Labour, Diesel, Seed Drill, Planter, Economics.
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  • Energy Analysis of Different Sowing Equipment for Cultivation of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum G.)

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Authors

Arun Waghmode
Department Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Shriram College of Agriculture Engineering (JNKVV) Paniv, Solapur (M.S.), India
Rajneesh Patel
Central Farm Machinery Training Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.), India

Abstract


The energy analysis and performance of four sowing equipment treatment was determined for cultivation of wheat crop. Four different treatment such as zero till seed-cumfertilizer drill, roto till seed-cum-fertilizer drill, 1x cultivator + 1 x disc harrow + seed-cum- fertilizer drill,1 x cultivator + 2 x disc harrow + raised bed planter at all prevailing environmental condition such climatic condition i.e. temperature and relative humidity, physical properties of soil i.e. soil moisture content, bulk density and shear strength, as well as machine and crop parameters were studied before sowing treatment (Aikins and Afuakwa, 2010). There are several drills like conventional, zero till, roto till, raised bed planting etc. can be used for sowing wheat. The improved machines not only deliver the desired amount of seed and fertilizer but also save time and energy. In each treatment the energy consumed in the form of direct energy, indirect energy, renewable energy, non-renewable energy, commercial energy and non-commercial energy was estimated taking into account all the inputs like seed, fertilizer, FYM, machines, human labour, diesel, etc. The source wise energy was minimum (13178.30MJ/ha) in treatment T2 and 13300.19MJ/ha, 14236.79MJ/ ha and 14686.61MJ/ha in treatments T1, T3 and T4, respectively. The operation wise energy was minimum (5066.30MJ/ha) in treatment T2 and 5188.19MJ/ha, 6124.79MJ/ha and 6574.61MJ/ha in treatments T1, T3 and T4, respectively (Arvidsson, 2010). The performance of seed drill is improved by manipulating the depth of sowing and thickness of soil cover over the seed as well as pressing the soil cover. Better soil pulverization was observed in case of treatment T2 where seed bed was prepared by rotary tiller. Cone index was found to be minimum at different depths in treatment T4 which includes 1 x cultivator followed by 2 x disc harrow then sowing by using raised bed planter. The similar trend was observed even at 100 DAS. The field efficiency was found to be maximum (77.02%) in treatment T1 and minimum (60.91%) in treatment T4. Number of plants/m length, seed emergence, plant population were also less in treatment T1 and similar in treatment T2, T3 and T4. It was found more in treatment T4 (Atkinson et al., 2007).

Keywords


Energy, Fertilizer, FYM, Machines, Human Labour, Diesel, Seed Drill, Planter, Economics.

References