Microalbumin, Glycated Hemoglobin and Blood Lipids Levels in Different Duration of Diabetes in Western Maharashtra Region

Background and objectives:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common condition worldwide. One of the complications is Diabetic Nephropathy which is detected in its early stage by the presence of Microalbuminuria and Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Methods:
Microalbumin and creatinine were determined on random urine specimens by an Immunoturbidimetric assay and Jaffe's colorimetric method, respectively and HbA1c by Ion exchange resin method, Blood Glucose and Lipids measured by using commercial kits on 50 patients attending the Diabetic outpatients clinic at the P.V.P. General Hospital, Sangli as well as General Hospital, Miraj, Maharashtra.

Results:
Overall, there were 32 (64%) patients with nephropathy. Of these, 28 (87.5%) had microalbuminuria and 04 (12.5%) had macroalbiminuria. In the 18 (36%) patients with diabetes and without proteinuria 11 (16.18%). There are 11 (34.37%) patient with Type 1 diabetes without proteinuria. In the 32 patients with Type 2 diabetes 21 (65.25%) had nephropathy, 17 (80.95%) with microalbuminuria and 04 (19.5%) with macroalbuminuria. In all groups over 6% had elevated HbA1c.blood lipids and glucose concentration are altered in patients with DM. We observed a positive and significant correlation between urinary microalbumin and HbA1c levels in patients with DM (r=0.8528).

Interpretation and conclusion:
These findings suggest that increase in HbA1c, blood lipids and duration of diabetes were increased with increase in severity of microalbuminuria patients with DM may be an indicator of renal tubular damage and dysfunction. This emphasizes the need for proper control of the diabetes.