Mantle Convection Pattern under India: Relevance to Lonar Crater, Girnar Node and Peri-Indian Volcanism

The mantle convection pattern under India as calculated by H-S Liu shows only two points of upwelling, which correspond with the Lonar crater and the Girnar circular complex. This suggests that Lonar is more likely to be endogenic rather than of impact origin. The Ramgarh crater, having no such correspondence, is more likely to be an impact. The pattern also shows upwelling in the vicinity of the Taftan volcano of southeastern Iran.