Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

R. Priyalatha ¹, G. Niveditha ¹, C. N. Guptha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, M.S.Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore-560054, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Ophthalmology, M.S.Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore-560054, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

A prospective, comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of topical flurbiprofen in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis during cataract surgery was conducted. A total of 70 patients, undergoing small incision cataract surgery (SICS) with IOL insertion were randomized into either of the two treatment groups. Pre-operatively patients of both the group had pupillary dilatation with topical application of cyclopentolate eye drops. In addition, flurbiprofen group received 0.03% Flurbiprofen eye drops thirty minutes apart starting two hours before surgery. Intra operative mydriasis was measured at different stages of surgery such as Stage I - before anterior chamber entry, Stage II - Between anterior chamber entry, anterior capsulotomy, and nucleus delivery, Stage III-Nucleus delivery to complete cortex wash. The mean pupillary diameter at baseline was equal in both control (7.57 ± 0.73) mm and (7.57 ±0.74) mm in Flurbiprofen groups. Standard error of mean of maintained intraoperative mydriasis in control vs. flurbiprofen group were: Stage I 7.08 ± 0.50mm vs. 7.00 ± 0.93, Stage II- 5.37 ± 1.47mm vs. 5.74 ± 0.91mm and Stage III-4.28 ± 1.27mm vs. 4.00 ± 1.30mm which were not significant statistically. This study indicates that topical Flurbiprofen is not significantly effective in maintaining pupillary dilatation during SICS, compared to control group.

Keywords

Small Incision Cataract Surgery, Flurbiprofen, Intraoperative Mydriasis.

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G. Niveditha ¹, N. Maity ¹, R. Rathai ¹, M. C. Shivamurthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore -560054, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the knowledge, attitude and practice of selfmedication by medical and non-medical (engineering) students and to analyse decisions behind self medication, confidence in alternate medicine system, drug information resources and knowledge of antibiotic resistance. A prevalidated questionnaire was administered after explaining the purpose of the study to145 Medical and 83 engineering students.

Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 15.0 and the results were expressed as counts and percentages, a 2-tailed ײ-test was applied and a p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. The most common factor that led to Self medication was non-serious nature of the disease. The use of analgesics (70.34 % vs. 31.94%), antipyretics (57.71 % vs. 16.66%) was significantly high among the medical students (P < 0.001, Odds Ratio-5.98, CI: 3.2-10.8). Knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance was very low among the non-medical students (16.67% vs. 85.62%). Medical students tend to have greater knowledge, as well as a concerned attitude towards self-medication and practice self-medication more often. There is a need to review educational programs especially the teaching of clinical pharmacology to include modules on self- medication and rational use of medicine. This study also shows the need to carry out educational campaigns to alert the population about the use of many medications available in the market. For that, it is imperative to have an active participation of health care professionals, specially physicians and pharmacists, besides help from the pharmaceutical industry, government regulations and competent authorities.

Keywords

Self Medication, Over the Counter Drugs, Medical Students, Engineering Students, Antibiotic Resistance.

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