Comparative Study of Routing Protocols in Pollution Monitoring System Based on Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, an investigation for the facts about what is the robust and energy efficient routing protocol in underwater wireless sensor networks by comparing between three routing protocol are Vector-Based Forwarding Protocol (VBF), hop-by-hop vector-based forwarding (HHVBF) and Vector-Based Void Avoidance (VBVA). The typical physical layer technology for underwater networks is acoustic communication compared with electromagnetic waves and optical waves. Energy constraint, long delay and limitation in bandwidth are greater challenges in underwater acoustic sensor networks for monitoring and other applications.in this paper present the performance evaluation of these protocols in term of energy consumption ,average end-to-end delay and Packet delivery ratio. Comparison is carried out by using Aqua-Sim simulators for underwater sensor networks and NS2 based simulator installed in Linux environment.