Ant Colony Optimization for Improving Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks is very important field in today's technology and one may concern about the life time of sensors as they have no facility to change the battery of those sensors inside the field. Wireless Sensor Networks are prone to node failure due to power loss. In order to provide reliable service through the network, the network should be self-adjusting and must have adaptable properties as required from time to time. Here in this research we have proposed a new algorithm which is capable of not only to do optimize routing even with that it has the benefit to overcome through pits creating problem around the sink. We have used the Energy Efficient Shortest Path Routing algorithm for routing and multi-hop network to communicate every node with sink and have used Ant colony optimization to determine new position for a sink, so that network will communicate without any problem which generally occurred due to dead nodes around the sink. The performance of our proposed algorithm has been tested on static and mobile sink scenarios with varying speed, and compared with other state-of-the-art routing algorithms in WSN. In this research, we have investigated the impact of sink mobility on network lifetime. In a typical WSN, all the data generated in the network are routed to a static sink. Nodes near the sink tend to deplete faster in their energy which might cause holes in the network thus limiting the network lifetime. With the introduction of mobile sink, the nodes around the sink always changes, thus balancing the energy consumption in the network and improving the network lifetime. We have simulated four routing algorithms in two scenarios; static sink and mobile sink. It has been observed from the results, that the network lifetime has been improved by the proposed algorithm in comparison to other algorithms.