Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Amritpal Kaur ¹, Anupreet Kaur ², Deepak Saini

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, IN
2 Basic and applied Sciences Department, IN

Abstract

Conducting nanostructures have achieved a prominent position in nanotechnology. Because of larger surface area it can be used in various applications. In recent scenario a class of conducting polymers is becoming popular due to its mechanical and electrical properties. Polyaniline is a conducting polymer which is popularly known as an environmentally stable and highly tunable polymer which can be produced in the form of bulk powder, cast films, or fibers. Polyaniline is of low cost, large-scale production, it is extensively used in vast applications. Polyaniline term corresponding to a class of polymers with up to 1000 repeat units (also known as MER) and was firstly it was known in 1862. Nanocomposite material is a solid phase multi-phase one of which has one, two or three dimensions less than 100 nanometers ( nm) , or structures having repeating distances nanoscale between the different phases within the material. Silica Nanocomposites combined with conducting polymers such as polyaniline are prepared by in situ polymerization and can be used in various applications such as supercapacitors, pseudocapacitors, Layerings and coatings, metal uptake, Chemosensors, Encapsulation of Organic Light Emitting Devices, Proton exchange membrane, pervaporation membrane, biosensors, flexible nanoelectronic devices, drug delivery.

Keywords

Silica Nanoparticles, Silica Nanocomposites, Polyanililine, Conducting Polymers.

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Anupreet Kaur ¹, Deepak Saini ², Harnnet Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Basic Applied Sciences, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, IN

Abstract

Zinc oxide, with its unique physical and chemical properties, such as high chemical stability, high electrochemical coupling coefficient, broad range of radiation absorption and high photostability, is a multifunctional material.This review articles presents the important synthesis methods of ZnO.Further, to improve properties of ZnO various modification techniques are described.The modification with organic (carboxylic acid, silanes) and inroganic (metal oxides) compounds, and polymer matrices were mainly described. Finally , this review article presents the applications of ZnO in various fields : rubber, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, textile, electronic and electrotechnology, photocatalysis were introduced.

Keywords

ZnO Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Modification, Application.

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Jaspreet Singh ¹, Anupreet Kaur ², Deepak Saini ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, IN
2 Basic and applied Sciences Department, IN

Abstract

The main motive behind this research is to eradicate the limitations of the conducting polymers and replace these materials with newly emerging materials known as 'Nano-composites' because of their superior electrical and mechanical properties. The various naturally occurring inorganic nanoparticles which arewhen combined with conducting polymers leads to the generation of a host of nanocomposites which has very fascinating properties as well asadequate application potential. In this paper,various fundamental materials along with their conducting properties that are employed for synthesis of nanocomposites such as nano materials and conducting polymers have been analyzed and discussed.The Graphene-based polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites have been used in the proposed formation of hybrid material comprising of conducting polymer and carbon nano material. The Polyaniline/Graphen nanocomposites (PANI/G) are synthesized on the basis of graphene to polyaniline(PANI) ratio.The PANI is known for its low cost, good environmental stability, interesting electro activity, high pseudo capacitance which makes this material to be suitably employed for electronic, optical and electrochemical applications.Polyaniline/Graphene nanocomposites (PANI/G) aresynthesized at various loadings of graphene to polyaniline(PANI) ratio.

Keywords

Polyaniline(PANI), Graphine,Carbon nanotube(CNT) Nanocomposites.

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Anupreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Basic and Applied Sciences Department, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Recently, the developments of high-ordered mesoporous monoliths (HOM) open different methodological avenues for changes especially beneficial in the field of sensor applications. Growing public awareness on the potential risk to humans of toxic chemicals in the environment has generated demand for new and improved methods for toxicity assessment and removal, rational means for health risk estimation. Mesoporous materials are highly desirable materials that have a large surface area, high porosity with a highly ordered pore structure with uniform mesopores, hydrophilic character and relatively good chemical and mechanical stability was fabricated and during this study as toxic metal sensor. Manipulation of micro-sized mesoporous monoliths at the nanoscale level has enabled the development of optochemical nanosensors that exhibit high strength, as well as recognition and signaling of a broad range of chemical species. The advanced functionality of manipulating chromophore probes into nanomaterials as sensing receptors has received attention in the design of chemical sensor arrays for responsive recognition of several species such as metal cations, and charged and neutral organic molecules. As customary, its blossoming was enabled to generate novel families of fascinating reproducible sensors exhibiting a high selectivity, low time consuming, and low cost.

Keywords

Mesoporous, Sensor, HOM, Emerging Pollutants.

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Deepak Saini ¹, Amritpal Kaur ¹, Anupreet Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, IN
2 Basic and Applied Sciences Department, IN

Abstract

The present work describes a new, simple and environmentally friend procedure for preparing Silica/Polyaniline (PANI) hybrid materials by combining the sol-gel method and in situ polymerization of aniline. The synthesis of silica nanocomposites and Silica/PANI nanocomposites was done and their morphological and structural behavior characterization the Silica/PANI nanocomposite were examined under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). For elemental ratio Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (SEM and EDS) was conducted which checks the content of individual elements in the sample, Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR) depicts graphs between transmittance ratio and wave number, various stretching between different functional groups and observed absorption bands ranges from 1636 to 3405 cm^-1. It was also found that the conductivity of the sample gradually increases with the increase in voltage and current.

Keywords

Silica Nanoparticles, Conducting Polymers, Silica/PANI Nanocomposites, Sol-Gel.

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Deepak Saini ¹, Anupreet Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

There is rapid growth of environmental pollution due the production of electrical and electronic products and their improper disposal. About 80% of e-waste from developed countries is illegally exported to developing countries because of the lower labor costs and lack of governmental regulations. The decreasing costs and increasing availability of electronic equipments like mobiles, televisions, computers and their accessories with advanced technology and the fast rate at which the outdated units are changed, has given rise to a new stream of waste known as Electronic waste (E-waste). E-waste contains two major types of substances: hazardous and nonhazardous both types have potential negative environmental impacts. It consists of various metals, metalloids, precious metals, halogenated compounds and radioactive elements. Metals and metalloids include Aluminium, Arsenic, Antimony, Barium, Beryllium, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Europium, Lead, Lithium, Iron, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Silica, Tin, Yttrium, Zinc, etc. Precious metals include Gold, Indium, Silver, Palladium, Platinum, etc. Halogenated compounds like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB), Tetrabromobisphenol (TBBA), Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE), Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), Polyvinylchloride (PVC) are present. Radioactive metal like Americium is found in the electronic scrap. This review article provides a concise overview current e-waste scenario.

Keywords

E-Waste, Heavy Metal, Environmental Pollution and Health Risk.

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Shivdeep Sharda ¹, Deepak Saini ², Anupreet Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics & Communications, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of Basics and Applied Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Conducting Polymers and their nanocomposites have been known for a while and are used in diverse range of applications. This study involves the synthesis of nanocomposites of Iron oxides particles coated with silica and in-situ polymerization of polyaniline. These nanocomposites are examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for their structural morphology and bonding information.

Keywords

Polyaniline (PANI), Conducting Polymers (CP_s), Silica Nanocomposites, Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONP_s).

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Shivdeep Sharda ¹, Deepak Saini ², Anupreet Kaur

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics & Communications, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of Basics and Applied Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Conducting Polymers and their nanocomposites have been known for a while and are used in diverse range of applications. This study involves the synthesis of nanocomposites of Iron oxides particles coated with silica and in-situ polymerization of polyaniline. These nanocomposites are examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy for their structural morphology and bonding information.

Keywords

Polyaniline (PANI), Conducting Polymers (CPs), Silica Nanocomposites, Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs).

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