Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Simarpreet Singh ¹, Jaspreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, BBSBEC, Fatehgarh Sahib, IN

Abstract

The design of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system plays a vital role in automation of Power System. This paper investigates the effects of proportional integral controller and fuzzy logic controller in a two area interconnected non-reheat power system having HVDC link connected in parallel with HVAC. The dynamic performance of system has been compared with Proportional Integral controller and Fuzzy logic controller and observed that the performance is superior in terms of overshoot and settling time when Fuzzy Controller is used.

Keywords

Automatic Generation Control (AGC), Proportional Integral (PI) Controller, MATLAB/SIMULINK, HVDC link, Fuzzy Logic Controller.

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Vipandeep K. Dutta ¹, Jaspreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Electrical Engineering Department, BBSBEC, Fatehgarh Sahib, IN

Abstract

Economic load dispatch is an important optimization task in power system. It is the process of allocating generation among the committed units such that constraints imposed are satisfied. There are three criteria in solving the ELD problem: minimizing the total generation cost, scheduling of generating units and minimizing the total emission cost. Emissions have an effect on the fuel cost of the generating system. In this paper, the Lambda Iteration Method is used to solve the fuel cost equation and the emission equation, that have been combined into a Combined Emission and Economic Dispatch equation. The equations are combined using weighting factors. The effect of emissions on the fuel cost have been studied. The values of weighting factors have an effect on the respective values of fuel cost and emissions of the system. The weighting factors are varied to see the corresponding change in fuel cost and emissions. The results are compared and put in tabular form.

Keywords

Lambda Iteration, Economic Dispatch, Emissions, Weighting Factor, Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch, Multi-Objective Function.

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Harshwardhan Kakkar ¹, Jaspreet Kaur ¹, Amandeep Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 ECE Department, GNDU RC, Fattu Dhinga, IN

Abstract

Globally, wheat is the leading source of vegetable protein in human food, having a higher protein content than other major cereals, maize (corn) or rice. In terms of total production tonnages used for food, India is currently second to wheat as the main human food crop and ahead of maize. Wheat grains detection is the major task of differentiating wheat from other grains (like barley) as well as from impurities. We notice that grain size and other properties of wheat grains which are used to detection of wheat from the mixture. Specifying the quality of wheat manually requires an expert judgment and is time consuming. Sometimes the variety of wheat looks so similar to the other cereals or impurities so that differentiating them becomes a very tedious task when carried out manually. To overcome this problem, Image processing can be used to differentiate wheat according to its quality. This inspection approach based on image analysis and processing has found a variety of different applications in the agro industry.

Keywords

Thresholding, Binarization, Major Axis, Minor Axis, Depth of Field.

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Jaspreet Kaur ¹, Amandeep Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Electronics and Communication Department, UCOE, Punjabi University, Patiala, Patiala, IN
2 Electronics and Communication Department, UCOE, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Air dense wireless phone spectrum resources are insufficient, the traditional approach is to deploy additional ships (Bs), or offload some of the traffic onto Wi-Fi unlicensed band. A study to be run by a management algorithm for Tethering as a white -out. The iterative algorithm bunch of the hotspots of the slaves and their resources to maximize spectrum utility. It is estimated that the algorithm can effectively take advantage of TVWS spectrum, and receives a fixed amount of network resources, which increase the number of users.

Keywords

White-Space, Spectrum, User, Channel Allocation.

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Jaspreet Kaur ¹, Jagroop Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Deptt. of CE, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

This paper presents the hiding of text in video using haar wavelet transform in particular frame and BCH codes. Haar wavelet transform is applied to get the low frequency sub-band in an image to hide data. The frequency sub-bands are (LL, LH, HL and HH). BCH codes are used to encrypt the data. The work of various researchers is discussed about video steganography and their techniques for embedding and extraction of data. With the advancement of technology and multimedia information, Videos and digital images are increasing very quickly. Steganography is hiding private or secret data within a carrier in invisible manner. A lot of information can be stored in video files. It contains number of frames played over a period of time. Information can be stored in any or number of frames. Moreover, Attacker or Human eye cannot detect the presence of message in video because video frame is only visible for a fraction of time.

Keywords

Steganography, Cryptography, Encryption Algorithm.

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Jaspreet Kaur ¹, Amandeep Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

TRM antenna is the one of the component of the Wireless System Network. It is used in Wireless network to improve the throughout and efficiency of the network. The TRM antenna is used in satellites, SONAR for acquisition of signals. Due to large number of arrays presents, sometimes TRM antenna failure takes place. When a transmitter/receiver module (TRM) error occurs, the beam pattern is distorted. In this case, resynthesizing the optimal beam pattern with all functioning TRMs, without failed TRM, is preferable to TRM repair or replacement. The degradation of the capacity of transmitter/receiver module (TRM) distorts the beam pattern; that is, the side lobe level (SLL) increases. Lot of research has been done on the optimization of the antennas, but the focus will be on the usage of ACO. Firstly, antenna failure takes place. Then compensation will be done by using ACO and the whole simulation will be shown in MATLAB environment.

Keywords

Antenna Arrays, Linear Arrays, ACO, Matlab, SLL Reduction.

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Jaspreet Kaur ¹, Sonia Goyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Antenna array is an assembly of radiating elements that are arranged in space and can be utilized to deliver a directional radiation pattern that could not possible with single antenna. In antenna arrays the side lobe level is the major problem which causes wastage of energy. To increased transmission efficiency as well as to prevent the interference, minimization of SLL is one of the basic requirements in the array system design. Aimed at this problem various optimization evolutionary algorithms are exploited such as genetic algorithm, invasive weeds optimization algorithm, ant colony algorithm, flower pollination algorithm, particle swarm optimization and hybrid adaptive genetic algorithm etc. based on metrics such as side lobe level (SLL), directivity, final accuracy, convergence speed, and robustness.

Keywords

Micro-Strip Linear Antenna Array, Side Lobe Level, Null Depth, Evolutionary Algorithms.

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Jagpuneet Kaur Bajwa ¹, Jaspreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Agile Project Management tools form the backbone of mature software development projects. There are various tools that companies are using to support their agile processes for project management and bug tracking. Whenever an organization starts the software development, they look out for a good tool to manage their agile processes. Agile Project management tools have overtaken the manual tools (physical cards, task boards, charts etc.) in almost all the companies. Nowadays, there are a number of web-based tools available. The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the popular APM tools which are currently being used to support agile processes. In addition, to analyze them on the basis of their functionality, common characteristics, distinguishing features and pros and cons of each tool, in order to find out which one is most complete and better to help agile teams in project management process.

Keywords

Project Management, APM Tools, Software Development, Systematic Literature Review.

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