Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Shivani Jain ¹, Jyoti Rani ¹, Lalit Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Computer Science Engineering Department, GZS-PTU Campus, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

Images are used in a variety of fields for image analysis and image understanding. Digital images are usually degraded by various types of noise due to sensor problems, weather problems and so on. In this paper, we represent a new technique for removing noise from images. Image enhancement is based on the multi scale singularity detection with an adaptive threshold whose value is calculated with different ways. Wavelet transforms are used because of their inherent property that they are redundant and shift invariant. In different scales of an image intensity changes occurs, so there is need of optimal detection that requires the use of operators of different sizes. Therefore, a vision filter must be a differential operator, and it must be capable of being tuned to act at any desired scale and the wavelets are ideal for this. Principle objective of Image enhancement and denoising is to process an image so that result is more suitable than the original image for specific application. This paper will provide an overview of underlying concepts commonly used for image enhancement.

Keywords

Spatial Domain, Frequency Domain, Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT), Daubechies Wavelets, Neuro-Fuzzy Logic, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR) and Mean Square Error(MSE).

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Mehak Garg ¹, Jyoti Rani ¹, Lalit Jindal ¹

Affiliations
1 Computer Science Engineering Department, GZS-PTU Campus, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

In the present scenario image retrieval plays a vital role. The field of image retrieval has been an active research area for several decades and has been paid more and more attention in recent years as a result of the dramatic and fast increase in the volume of digital images. CBIR aims at finding image databases for specific images that are similar to a given query image based on its features. Users can query example images based on these features such as texture, color, region, shape and others. Target or close Images can be retrieved in a little fast if it is clustered in a right manner. For clustering, we use fuzzy- c mean clustering. In this way relevant images will be retrieved from database.

Keywords

Content Based Image Retrieval, Auto-Correlation, RGB Components, Query, Texture.

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Gurpreet Singh ¹, Jyoti Rani ¹

Affiliations
1 GZSPTU Campus, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

The "Adaptive Approach for Historical or Degraded Document Binarization" is that in which Libraries and Museums obtain in large gathering of ancient historical documents printed or handwritten in native languages. Typically, only a small group of people are allowed access to such collection, as the preservation of the material is of great concern. In recent years, libraries have begun to digitize historical document that are of interest to a wide range of people, with the goal of preserving the content and making the documents available via electronic media. But for historical documents suffering from degradation due to damaged background, stained paper, holes and other factors, the recognition results drop appreciably. These recognition results can be improved using binarization technique. Binarization technique can differentiate text from background. The simplest way to get an image binarized is to choose a threshold value, and organize all pixels with values greater than this threshold as white, and every other pixels as black. The problem arises, how to select the correct threshold. The selection of threshold is performed by two methods: Global, Local. Our main focus is to effectively binarize the document images suffering from strain&smear, uneven backround, holes&spot and various illumination effect by applying Adaptive Binarization Techniques. Our objectives is to Study various Traditional Binarization Techniques and to develop a hybrid binarization technique which will be more efficient than traditional techniques in term of noise suppression, text extraction and enhance the document to make it better for readability&automatic Document analysis. Result is analyzed and obtains which conclude that.

Keywords

Global, Local, Binarization, Illumination, Hybrid Binarization, Historical Documents.

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Jyoti ¹, Jyoti Rani ¹

Affiliations
1 Computer Science Engineering Department, Giani Zail Singh PTU Campus, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

Due to the rapid advancement in internet technology and evolution of high speed networks working throughout the world, security of multimedia content is immediately required., information transmission faces a big confront of security. People need a protected and safe way to widen information. Digital watermarking is a process of data hiding, which provide security of data. The Digital watermarking method provides the quick and inexpensive distribution of digital information over the Internet. This technique provides new ways of ensuring the adequate security of copyright holders in the rational property dispersal process. The belongings of digital watermarking images allow insertion of additional data in the image without altering the value of the image. This message is secret in unused visual space in the image and stays below the human visible threshold for the image. This paper presents a watermarking technique which least significant bit (LSB), its steps and its process with matlab images. The benefits of the LSB are its simplicity to embed the bits of the message directly into the LSB plane of cover-image and many techniques using these methods.

Keywords

Watermarking, Spatial Domain, Frequency Domain, Spread Spectrum, LSB

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