Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Mandeep Singh ¹, Ankur Rana ¹

Affiliations
1 ACTDPL, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically be set up anywhere and anytime to exchange information without using any pre-existing network infrastructure. It is a self organized and self configurable network where the mobile nodes move randomly. In MANET mobile nodes can receive and forward packets as a router and each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move i.e. the nodes are mobile. These nodes change position frequently. So there is no fixed infrastructure, which results in addition and exclusion of any number of nodes from the network for relatively small networks routing protocols may be sufficient. However, in larger networks either hierarchical or geographic routing protocols are needed. In this Thesis three routing protocols AODV (Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector), OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol) and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing Protocol) are compared. Most of the previous research on MANET routing protocols have focused on simulation study by varying various parameters, such as network size, pause times etc. The performance of these routing protocols is analyzed with Scalability for E-mail in terms of their Network Delay and their results are shown in graphical forms. The comparison analysis will be carrying out about these protocols and in the last the conclusion will be presented, that which routing protocol is the best one for mobile ad-hoc networks.

Keywords

MANET Routing Protocols, AODV, DSR, OLSR, OPNET MODELER 14.5.

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Rupinder Kaur ¹, Mandeep Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi Uuniversity, Patiala, IN

Abstract

The most commonly used dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) technology is studied. Three schemes (Pre-compensation.post-compensation, mix-compensation of Dispersion Compensation methods for 40 Gb/s non-return to Zero link using standard and dispersion compensated fiber through FBG compensator to optimize high data rate optical transmission. Objectives is to increase the quality factor, fiber length and better eye opening in eye diagram using different modulations techniques. The simulation results are validate by analyzing the Q-factor and Bit error Rate(BER) in the numerical simulator. A fiber brag grating (FBG) is one of the most important and applicable component in an optical communication system. The use of chirped FBG has been studied as a dispersion compensator in an optical communication system. The simulation Results are validated by analyzing the Q-factor. According to test, when Q=6, the BER is about 10-9; when Q=7,the BER is about 10-12.Input power is taken as 9-10 db,Thecorresponding BER is better. It is observed that the symmetrical-compensation scheme performs better than pre-, post -compensation schemes for 8x40 Gb/s wdm system.

Keywords

Dispersion Compensation, Fiber Brag Grating, EDFA, BER, DCF, Wavelength Division Multiplexing.

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Amandeep Singh Bhandari ¹, Mandeep Singh ¹, Sandeep Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, BFCET, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

In today times, the use of wireless communication increases rapidly. For a wireless communication, the radio spectrum remains constant but the user's increases very fast. According to Federal communication commission (FCC) research report, seventy percent of radio spectrum allocated has been already underutilized. So we want to overcome this problem by using some new technique. Cognitive Radio is a one of the method that will solve this problem. The rapid development in wireless services caused spectrum shortage. Cognitive Radio is a technique which uses licensed spectrum in a very efficient way.

Keywords

Cognitive Radio, Spectrum Sensing, Primary Users, Secondary Users, SEAMCAT.

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