Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences

Kamaljit Singh Bhatia ¹, Sandeep Singh ², Sakshi Sharma ³, Harsimrat Kaur ³

Affiliations
1 Electronics Engineering Department, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, IN
2 Electronics Communication Engineering Department, Anand College of Engineering, Kapurthala, IN
3 Electronics Communication Engineering Department, CTIEMT, Jalandhar City, IN

Abstract

In radio-over-fiber (ROF) systems, optical carrier is modulated by the electrical signal and thus, converts the electrical signal to optical domain. This leads to the generation of up-converted signal bands. Although modulation is a necessary process for the faithful transmission of a signal, but it also degrades the modulated signal by generating distorted sidebands which causes reduction in the dynamic range of the system. Dispersion originated from the transmission fiber and other optical devices also change the phase relationship between the optical carrier and the modulated sidebands. This causes degradation of the modulated signal due to power fading. Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is the most preferred modulator used in RoF systems. The performance of RoF system depends upon various parameters of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) like RF bias, bias voltage, extinction ratio and insertion loss. In this paper the behavior of Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) MZM is studied on various bias and extinction ratio ranges and a particular bias and extinction ratio is fixed at which the proposed ROF system gives the optimum results.

Keywords

RoF, RoFSO, MZM.

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Sandeep Singh ¹, Parminder Singh Jassal ¹

Affiliations
1 ECE Section, Yadavindra College of Engineering, Talwandi Sabo, IN

Abstract

This paper presents the implementation of RSA algorithm design using VHDL. The Xilinx ISE 14.1 is used with device Spartan-3. In [1], the RSA encryption technique is implemented by using right to left binary radix-2 montmgomery multiplier. This paper presents the implementation of encryption technique by using left to right radix-2 montmgomery multiplier. The modular exponentiation is used for encryption and decryption of RSA algorithm. The device utilization is improved by 14%. The delay is improved by 2%. The frequency of the implementation is 79.546 MHz and is increased by 4.5%. Hence, the presented work is area and delay efficient than previous work.

Keywords

Encryption, RSA, FPGA, VHDL, Delay.

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