The Relation between the Observed and the Observer in Scientific Cognition

Galileo established science (throughout this text I shall consider Physics as the paradigm of science) as an independent and autonomous cognitive process. He did this with the introduction of the concept of experiment into the methodology of science. Before Galileo science was just a part of philosophy in general where the methodology is observation followed by intellectual speculation or, sometimes, purely intellectual speculation. Galileo distinguished science from philosophy, once and for all, by establishing experimentation as an integral part of scientific investigation of the nature of reality.