Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp <div id="i-scholarabout">Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry (RJPP) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, devoted to pharmacognosy. The aim of RJPP is to increase the impact of pharmacognostic research with quality and originality. RJPP publishes Original Research Articles, Short Communications, Review Articles in all areas of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.</div> A & V Publications en-US Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 0975-2331 Evaluation of Anti Cancer Activity of <i>Kydia calycina</i> Roxb. Leaf Extract on Different Cancer Cell Lines https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181742 To study the anticancer effects of <em>Kydia calycina</em> using various human cancer cell cultures, in vitro by MTT assay, ROS generation and caspase-3 activities. Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells and human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells were maintained in a 5% CO<sub>2</sub> incubator at 37°C. Different concentrations of leaf extract of <em>Kydia calycina</em> in serum free culture medium were freshly prepared and used for cytotoxic activity by MTT assay, ROS generation and apoptotic effect by caspase-3 activity. The plant extract has revealed that greater percentage inhibition in all types of cancer cells in a dose dependent manner by MTT assay. The IC<sub>50</sub> values of <em>K. calycina</em> extract were found to be 41.17, 46.90 and 39.49 μg/mL against HeLa, MCF-7 and IMR-32 respectively. The apoptotic activity of <em>Kydia calycina</em> methanolic leaf extract was evaluated through ROS generation and caspase-3 activity. The results showed that the extract has significantly increased the ROS production and caspase-3 levels in all the cell cultures in a dose dependent manner. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the anticancer activity of <em>K. calycina</em>. Baburao Bhukya Harikiran Lingabathula Narsimhareddy Yellu 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Phytochemical Screening of Components Present Floral Essential Oil of an Indigenous Variety of <i>Lantana camara</i>, Linn (Verbenaceae) https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181746 <em>Lantana camara</em>, Linn (Verbenaceae), being an indigenous weed of Western Odisha, was selected for phytochemical screening of essential oil components present in fresh flowers of an indigenous variety of <em>Lantana camara</em> Linn., (Verbenaceae) grown as wild in Western Odisha, India. The pharmacognostical study was carried out and confirmed the presence of aromatic essential oil in the floral extract. The essential oil was hydrodistilled by using Clevengers’ apparatus. The hydrodistillated essential oil was analysed by using Gas liquid chromatographic and mass spectrophotometric technique. The GC-MS chromatogram illustrated elution of 25 number of components (87.36% in to to). ƍ-Himachalene was detected in highest (31.29%) amount. The components were belonging to class of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, terpinenes, Allyl bromides, methanol. A cardiac glycoside, Gitoxigenin (4.14%) was also identified in the chromatogram. Swagatika Pradhan Smaranika Pattnaik 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Anthelmintic Activity of <i>Panchachurnam</i>:An Ayurvedic Polyherbomineral Formulation https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181747 <em>Panchachurnam</em> is one of the classical Ayurvedic preparations; it is prepared by mixing equal proportions of powdered <em>Cassia angustifolia</em> Vahl. leaf, <em>Terminalia chebula</em> Retz. fruit, <em>Zingiber officinale</em> Rosc. rhizome, <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Mill. fruit and Saindhava lavana. The present study was done with the aim to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of <em>Panchachurnam</em> using adult earthworms (<em>Pheritima posthuma</em>) against piperazine citrate (15mg/ml) and albendazole (20mg/ml) as standard drugs and normal saline as control. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of <em>Panchachurnam</em> were tested and results were expressed in terms of time for paralysis and time for death of worms. Based on the results, the ethanolic extract was found to possess higher activity than aqueous extract of <em>Panchachurnam</em>. K. V. V. S. Krishna O. Manikanta M. Madhavi N. Akhila Spurthi P. Maranatha Babu M. M. Aashiq N. Keziah 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Nitric Oxide Radical Scavenging Activity of the Ethanolic and Chloroform Extracts of <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> Linn. Leaves–A Comparative Study https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181748 The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficiency of ethanolic and chloroform extracts of <em>Ocimum basilicum</em> Linn. leaves belonging to the family Labiatae for its in vitro antioxidant activity. The present study provides pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical details of the leaves of <em>Ocimum basilicum</em> which are useful in laying down standardization and pharmacopoeia parameters. In microscopic studies, transverse section (TS) of the leaves and its powder characters were studied and its characteristic features were established. Physicochemical parameters such as total ash value, acid insoluble ash value and water soluble ash value were determined. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of alcoholic extract and chloroform extract was carried out. The results of preliminary phytochemical screening were positive for flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, proteins and saponin. The antioxidant potential of the chloroform and ethanol extract was evaluated using nitric oxide scavenging methods. It was found that the ethanolic extract showed better antioxidant effect compared to the chloroform extract. P. R. Kumar S. Sakthi Priyadarsini M. Thirumal 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 LCMS Spectral Analysis of Betacyanin Pigments in <i>Amaranthus</i> L. https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181749 Plant pigments has got wider application in textile and pharmaceutical industry. Betacyanins are classes of purple plant pigments that are useful in plant identification and health monitoring. Pure samples of betacyanin were obtained by extracting and isolating the pigments found in <em>Amaranthus</em> L. plants. The resulting samples were then used to identify the absorption spectra of the pigment. The sample were analysed for measuring the absorbance at the range of 476nm and 538nm respectively. Betanin, Neobetanin and Amaranthine were found in the red pigments isolated from the plants which are of pharmaceutically important and got medicinal application. These pigments play important role as antioxidant and a natural dye for different formulations. The findings from the present spectral analysis showed 382 m/z ratio found to be derivative of betanidin component. LCMS analysis of the red pigment were carried out showing positive peak with 389 m/z ratio for betanidin compound among <em>Amaranthus caudatus</em> L. and <em>Amaranthus dubius</em>, Mart along with other peak values. The antioxidant capacity that is to scavenge the free radicals of these two <em>Amaranthus</em> L. species can be taken into account as it is a good dietary supplement in our daily life. Pinkie Cherian D. Sheela 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Simultaneous Estimation of Ellagic Acid and Quercetin in Marketed Ayurvedic Formulations by HPTLC https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181750 A simple, rapid and reliable HPTLC method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of ellagic acid and quercetin in Ayurvedic formulations. Identification and quantification were performed on 20cm x 10cm, layer thickness 0.2mm, aluminium-backed silica gel 60 F<sub>254</sub> HPTLC plates previously washed with methanol. Ethyl Acetate: Toluene: Formic Acid: Water (5:3:1:1, v/v), was used as a mobile phase. Calibration plots were established showing the dependence of response on the amount chromatographed. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relation with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.998 and 0.9991 with respect to peak area for ellagic acid and quercetin respectively, in concentration range of 200-600ng/spot. The spots were scanned at λ = 225nm. The suitability of this HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of the marker constituents was proved by validation in accordance with ICH Guidelines. The developed method has the advantage of being rapid and easy. Hence, it can be applied for routine quality control analysis of ellagic acid and quercetin in Ayurvedic formulations. M. Syam Vardhan K. V. V. S. Krishna K. Gouri Sankar S. Rama Krishna T. Tamizh Mani 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Evaluation of Analgesic and In-vitro Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Fruit Flesh Extract of <i>Terminalia catappa</i> Linn. https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181751 <em>Terminalia catappa</em> Linn is commonly known as tropical almond or Indian almond. The leaf bark and fruits has been used from a long time as a folk medicine in anti-diarrheic, anti-pyretic and as hemostatic. Leaf has been reported to possesses anti oxidative, Hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, anti inflammatory and anti HIV reverse Transcriptase activity. Fruits of <em>Terminalia catappa</em> contains number of hydrolysable tannins also contain flavonoids. Different concentrations of the aqueous extract of <em>Terminalia catappa</em> fruits flesh extract have been evaluated for their analgesic as well as HRBC membrane stabilization activity. The percent inhibition was found 52.16 (80mg/ml) of test sample which is comparable to the percent inhibition of 64.85 (Table 1)for standard Aspirin (100 mg/ml) Also, high concentration (1000 μg/ml) of the fruit flesh extract was found to stabilize the HRBC membrane up to 65.37% (Table 2), which is comparable to the activity of the standard analgesic Aspirin (76.86%). R. Ganer M. A. Kamble D. M. Dhabarde A. R. Ingole J. R. Baheti 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Improvement on the Carbon Tetrachloride Inducing Hepatotoxicity in Rats using <i>Ipomoea turpethum</i> Root https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181752 Liver toxicity is a major health problem of worldwide proportions. Herbal medicines derived from plant extracts are being increasingly utilized to treat a wide variety of clinical diseases. Objective of the present work was to evaluate Hepatoprotective potential of Hydro alcoholic extract of <em>Ipomoea turpethum</em> ischolar_main. This <em>in vivo</em> efficacy was reinforced by a significant dose dependent hepatoprotection (at 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg dose) in CCl<sub>4</sub> induced Hepatotoxicity using wistar rats five in each groups. In this study extract of plant (100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, orally) was given for 6 days daily and CCl<sub>4</sub> (1 ml/kg, 1:1 with liquid paraffin, s.c.) is given at 6th day after 2 hours from dosing. The Hepatoprotective activity is confirmed by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, SGOT, SGPT, ALKP, Bilirubin, Cholesterol, while it significantly increased the reduced Protein levels in dose dependant manner. The study was also supported by histopathology of liver sections. The Hepatoprotective activity of the extract is being comparable to standards Silymarin (200mg/kg). The results obtained in the present study indicate that <em>Ipomoea turpethum</em> is a potential source of natural Hepatoprotectives. Vrunda V. Shah Vipul K. Shah Krishnkant N. Patel Navin R. Sheth M. M. Patel 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Pharmacognostic and HPTLC Finger Printing of <i>Gardenia gummifera</i> L.F. https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181753 <em>Gardenia gummifera</em> L.f. is a shrub belonging to the family Rubiaceae. The leaves are used in the treatment of ringworms, malaria. The present paper provides a detailed account of the pharmacognostical studies. The study includes macro and micro morphological characters including powder characteristics, organoleptic characters, HPTLC finger printing and preliminary phyto-chemical aspects. This study would help as an appropriate source for authentification of the present studied drug. P. Sudhakar P. Ramachandra Reddy 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Investigation on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Custard Apple (<i>Annona reticulata</i>) Peel Extracts https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181743 <strong>Background:</strong> Custard apple or sugar apple can be called as a delicacy of dry region due to its very sweet delicate flesh. The peel of custard apple contains tannins, acetogenin and alkaloids which is beneficial in the treatment of several types of cancer and tumors. <strong>Methodology/Principal Findings:</strong> The present study was taken up to investigate the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial potential, antioxidant activity of the fruit peel wastes of custard apple. The phytochemical screening of the fruit peel revealed the presence of Carbohydrates, Saponins, Phenols and Terpenoids .The antioxidant property of the peel extract was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP assay. The antimicrobial test results showed that the raw fruit peel extract had a great potential antimicrobial activity against all the bacteria and fungal species selected for testing.<strong>Conclusions/Significance:</strong> The results presented here may suggest that the raw fruit peel extracts possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and is therefore a potential source of ingredients for the food and pharmaceutical industry. D. Esther Lydia Sheila John V. K. Swetha Thiyagarajan Sivapriya 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 A Review:<i>Coix lacryma iobi</i> L. https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181744 The ischolar_mains and seeds of <em>Coix lacryma-jobi</em> L.are utilized for Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic Preparations and Dietary Supplements.There are two main varieties of the species, one wild and one cultivated. The wild variety of Coix lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi has hard-shelled, pearly white, oval structures used as beads for making rosaries, necklaces and other objects. The cultivated variety Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen is harvested as a cereal crop, has a soft shell, and is used medicinally in parts of Asia. World-wide, this plant is best known for those pods (pericarps), which have a hole naturally occurring at each end, making them a useful source of beads for stringing.Seeds stringing is known "VAIJANTI MALA". The seeds (caryopses) of <em>Coix lacryma-jobi</em> L. are used as a source of food. Coix is the common name for the Chinese medicinal material <em>Coix lacryma-jobi</em> L. seed (Health Benefits of Job’s tears). Seed of <em>Coix lacryma-jobi</em> L.contains 50-79 % Starch,16-19 % Proteins, 2-7% Fixed Oil, Lipids (5.67%Glycolipid, 1.83% Phospholipid, Sterols), Fatty acids (Palmitic acid (PubChem CID:985), Steric acid(PubChemCID:5281), Oleic acid (PubChem CID: 445639), and Linoleic acid (PubChem CID: 5280450).This plant possess many traditional uses such as decrees blood cholesterol level, anti – inflammatory, anti – oxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-cancerand mensuration disorder in women etc. <em>Coix lacrymajobi</em> L. plant has significant medicinal value in human. This review helps to evaluate and establish the various medicinal use of plant in various diseases. Bhavna Patel Gopi Patel Samir Shah Shraddha Parmar 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9 Introduction and Importance of <i>Musa Paradisiaca</i> and their Relevance to Human Health https://i-scholar.in/index.php/Rjpp/article/view/181745 This plant i.e. <em>Musa paradisiaca</em> is well known and showed various medicinal properties as mentioned in the literature. The activities of various plant product of <em>Musa paradisiaca</em> especially ischolar_mains (anthelmintic, antiscorbutic, depurative etc.); fruits (anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, antiscorbutic etc.); flowers (dysentery, diabetes, ascites, dropsy etc.) and ash, burning plant (antiscorbutic, anthelmintic etc ). In view of these medicinal uses, we tried to collect some information about this plant in the form of review and tried to focus on this plant and their relevance to human health. Amit Gupta Abhijit Powar 2017-12-01 2017-12-01 9