Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics

A. Tamil Selvan ¹, R. Suthakaran ¹, S. B. Muthu Vadivel ¹, S. Karpagam Kumara Sundari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Saroor Nagar, Meerpet, Hyderabad-97, IN

Abstract

Caesalpinia pulcherrima is an ornamental plant in many parts of India. It is also the country flower of Caribbean islands, Barbados and is depicted the queen's personal barbadrain flag. The plant is used in all types of medicine from the historical for various ailments. It is used in the treatment of jaundice, fever, pain, inflammation, colic, flatulence etc. The present study shows the various extracts of dried leaves of Caesalpinia pulcherrima for its purgative activity. The extracts at the dose level of 300mg/kg, p.o, exhibited significant (p<0.001) purgative activity in albino rats.

Keywords

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

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Kadiri Sunil Kumar ¹, S. Mounica ¹, Rajesh Behera ¹, K. Vijay Kumar ¹, Y. Shanmukh Sai ¹, R. Suthakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Vijaya College of Pharmacy, Munaganoor – 501511, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN

Abstract

The study was designed to assess the cognitive enhancing potential of Murraya koengii leaves by using radial arm maze test in albino rats. The radial arm maze test consists of a total 7 days session. During first 6 days training session (habituation phase) rats were placed individually in the central hub and were allowed to choose the arm containing the food freely for a period of 5 minutes. The time taken by each rat to find the food was considered to assess RAM performance. Latency to find the food was noted as an index of memory. The same procedure was repeated with test and standard treated rats after one hour of administration of murraya koengii chloroform extract 100 mg/kg and Piracetam 200 mg/kg. After 6 days training session, 7^th day session includes induction of short term memory loss in control rats by administration of propofol 0.5 ml/200g (amnesia inducer) followed by latency to find the food is noted for a period of 5 minutes for each rat. Repeat the same propofol treatment on 7^th day for test and standard treated rats after 1 hr of administration of extract (Murraya koenigii 100mg/kg) and piracetam (200mg/kg) and the latency to find was recorded for 5 minutes. It was found that the latency to find food on 7^th day of radial arm maze test in control rats after administration of propofol is 2.59 seconds, whereas latency to find food with test extract treated rats on 7^th day was found to be 2.20 seconds. This suggests that decrease in the latency for food (sec) with Murraya koengii leaves extract has significantly increased the memorizing ability of rats to find food. Hence it indicates that Murraya koenigii leaves at a dose of 100mg/kg produces significant cognitive enhancing potential in albino rats. However the memory enhancing potential of Murraya koenigii leaves was found to be lesser that standard drug piracetam (latency for food 2.05 seconds) in Radial arm maze test.

Keywords

Cognitive Enhancing, Murraya koenigii, Latency for Food, Radial Arm Maze Test.

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Kadiri Sunil Kumar ¹, Ch. Mamatha ², N. Deepika ², B. Sai Sushma ², R. Suthakaran ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Vijaya College of Pharmacy, Munaganoor- 501511, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN
2 Vijaya College of Pharmacy, Munaganoor- 501511, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vijaya College of Pharmacy, Munaganoor- 501511, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN

Abstract

The present research was designed to compare the effects of dietary food ingredients such as saccharin (100 mg/kg), turmeric (1g/kg) and transfat (2%) on recognition memory in albino mice by using object recognition test (ORT) apparatus. The mice were divided into 5 groups, each group containing 6 mice. The test group of mice received treatment of saccharin (100mg/kg), turmeric (1g/kg), transfat (2%), donepezil (1mg/kg) for 30 days. Control group mice received distilled water for 30 days. The evaluation of memory begins on 31^st day by using object recognition test. The ORT apparatus is composed of open box (16x5cm) with an open roof. The object recognition test includes 3 sessions A) The first day training session which consist of placing all the mice one by one in an empty recognition chamber for 5 minutes so that the mice get habituated in the environment (habituation). B) On second day, test session begins (acquisition) where in the control mice are allowed to explore 2 different objects of same size, color and weight but with different shapes for period of 5 minutes (FandF1) and the time taken by each mouse to explore the objects (mouse touches its nose or places its nose at a distance of 2 cm from the object) was recorded. Repeat the same procedure with test (saccharin (100 mg/kg), turmeric 1g/kg and transfat 2%) and standard donepezil (1mg/kg) treated mice. The Third day session includes exploring the control, test and standard treated mice to one familiar object (F) and a new object (N) for a period of 5 minutes. Discrimination index which is an index of memory is calculated in all the groups of mice. Discrimination index (DI) was found to be 0.0714± 0.17 in control mice, whereas DI was found to be 0.015±0.12 and 0.027±0.09 with saccharin and transfat. Turmeric treated mice exhibited a DI of 0.25±0.09. The above readings indicate the DI of saccharin and transfat treated mice found to be less than control mice indicating memory impairment with saccharin and transfat. However, turmeric treated mice exhibited increased DI than control indicating memory enhancement with turmeric. Standard Donepezil treated mice exhibited significant higher DI (0.37±0.72).

Keywords

Recognition Memory, Dietary Ingredients, Donepezil, Discrimination Index, Object Recognition Test.

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