Antilithiatic Effect of Crataeva magna Lour. DC Leaves on Ethylene GlycolInduced Lithiasis

Objective: Crataeva magna is a potent medicinal plant in the Indian system of medicine. The objective of the present work was to study the antilithic activity of plant Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC belonging to family Capparaceae.

Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out to evaluate Antilithiatic activity in rats using 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water were given orally for 28 days. The plant Crataeva magna is used in analgesic, anti protozoal, hypoglycemic, anti inflammatory, hypotensive, anti spasmodic purposes. The aqueous extract of leaves of Crataeva magna results maximum yield value than that of petroleum ether extract, chloroform extract and alcohol extract through successive maceration process. The aqueous extract of leaves of Crataeva magna showed maximum control of lithiasis in Wister rats. Urinary risk factors of urolithiasis were monitored at the end of 7^th , 14^th , 21^st , and 28^th days. Urinary volume was increased in lithiatic as well as drug-treated rats. Increased urinary excretion of Calcium, Oxalate, Uric acid, Phosphorus and Protein in lithiatic rats was brought down significantly by the administration of Crataeva magna. Decreased magnesium excretion in hyperoxaluric rats was normalized with respect to calcium oxalate and other crystallizing salts such as uric acid, which may induce epitaxial deposition of calcium oxalate. Simultaneous treatment with the extract reduced Calcium and Oxalate ion concentration in Urine confirming the stone inhibitory effect.

Result: In Ethylene glycol induced lithiasis, the lithiasis was significantly reduced and the stone formation was normalized by administration of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg dose orally and the property was comparable to the standard drug.

Conclusion: This study has established the antilithiatic activity of Crataeva magna and thus, justifies the folkloric and ethnomedical uses of this plant for lithiasis.