Journal of Pure and Applied Ultrasonics

N. R. Pawar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ², S. J. Dhoble ², G. A. Aghalte ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon-445303, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, IN
3 Department of Physics, Lokmanya Tilak Mahavidyalaya, Wani-445304, IN

Abstract

The present paper reports the synthesis and study of thermo acoustic properties of alpha alumina (α-Al₂O₃) nano suspension in ethanol base fluid. α-Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized through alkoxide route using sol-gel method. Aluminum isopropoxide Al (OC₃H₇)3, and aluminum nitrate nanohydrate Al (NO3)3 9 H₂O were used for preparing alumina solution. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) was used as the surfactant stabilizing agent. The sample was characterized by X- ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average particle size has been estimated by using Debye-Scherrer formula. The ultrasonic velocity measurement at 4 MHz with an interferometric technique has been made on alpha alumina (α-Al₂O₃) nano suspension in ethanol base fluid. Measurements were also taken for the density and viscosity. The thermo acoustic parameters were calculated from the velocity, density and the viscosity measurements. By taking measurements over entire range of concentrations and temperatures, we obtained information about the aggregation of nanoparticles in the suspended medium. Thermo acoustic parameters are related to the surface of nanoparticles and nanoparticle surfactant interactions and help for the study of thermo acoustic properties of nanosuspension.

Keywords

α-Al₂O₃, Ethanol, XRD, SEM, Thermo Acoustic Parameters.

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P. D. Bageshwar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ², N. R. Pawar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Mungsaji Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Darwha - 445304, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur- 440033, IN
3 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon - 445303, IN

Abstract

Ultrasonic characterization of thymine in aqueous solution by non-destructive technique is essentials for utilizing them in biomedical technology. In biological sciences, nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids, their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA. The present paper reports the thermo-acoustic analysis of thymine in aqueous solution by ultrasonic non-destructive technique at different molar concentrations and temperatures. The non-linear and complex behaviour of thymine in aqueous medium helps to detect phase separation and strength of intermolecular interactions between the constituents in the aqueous solution of thymine.

Keywords

Non-Destructive Technique, Thymine, Thermo-Acoustic Parameters, Material Characterization.

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N. R. Pawar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon Road - 445303, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, IN

Abstract

Ultrasonic absorption&excess absorption study of binary liquid mixtures of polar solute acrylonitrile with non polar solvent cyclohexane and their binary liquid mixtures were carried out at 298 K in the frequency range 1MHz-10MHz and at different temperatures for 7 MHz over the entire range of composition. The observed ultrasonic absorption (α/f² obs), classical absorption (α/f² class), excess absorption (α/f² excess) and the ratio of the observed ultrasonic absorption (α/f² obs) and classical absorption (α/f² class) at different temperatures and at 7 MHz over the entire range of composition were studied. In this binary liquid mixture ultrasonic absorption is higher than the classical absorption. The thermo acoustical parameters acoustic impedance (Z), molecular weight (M), molar volume (V), molar sound velocity (R), molar compressibility (W), Vander Waal's constant (b), internal pressure (π _i), viscosity (η), intermolecular radius (r_o), relaxation time (τ), adiabatic compressibility (π_a), free volume (V_f), isothermal compressibility (β_i), intermolecular free length (L_f),etc were computed from ultrasonic velocities, densities and viscosities at 303 K and at frequency 7 MHz. Comparison of experimental ultrasonic velocity and it's theoretically calculated values by Junjie's relation, Impedance dependence relation and Nomoto's relation were studied. The increase in ultrasonic absorption with molar concentration is due to the possible structural relaxation process in the constituents. These structural relaxation processes play very important role in the study of molecular and structural properties of the constituent molecules in binary liquid mixture.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Absorption, Excess Absorption, Relaxation Time, Thermo Acoustic Parameters, Cyclohexane, Acrylonitrile.

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N. R. Pawar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ¹

Affiliations
1 Acoustic Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, IN

Abstract

The ultrasonic absorption has been measured at different frequencies 1 MHz to 10 MHz in the binary liquid mixtures of cyclohexane with cinnamaldehyde and methylmethacrylate over the entire range of composition and at five different temperatures 293K, 298K, 303K, 308K and 313K. The result has been used to discuss the nature and strength of intermolecular interactions in the system. In this system structural relaxation plays a predominant role over thermal relaxation process. The increase or decrease in ultrasonic absorption with increase in molar concentration is due to the possible structural relaxation process in this binary liquid mixture. These studies may be important because of their extensive use in the engineering, process industries, textile industries, pharmaceutical industries and nuclear energy industries. Study of propagation of ultrasonic waves and their absorption forms one of the most important methods of investigation of properties of matter in all the three states. It is well known that study of absorption of ultrasonic waves in a medium provides important information about various inter and intra-molecular processes such as relaxation of the medium or the existence of isomeric states or the exchange of energy between various molecular degrees of freedom. Ultrasonic absorption and their deviation from the additive rule provide a better insight into molecular processes. Capsules of cinnamaldehyde are used as food supplements or as dietetic foods to reduce blood sugar levels in diabetes. Cinnamaldehyde change the structure in drug after some periods.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Absorption, Relaxation Time, Viscosity.

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O. P. Chimankar ¹, N. N. Padole ², N. R. Pawar ³, V. A. Tabhane ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440003, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, IN
3 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon-445303, IN
4 Department of Physics, S.P. Pune University, Pune-411007, IN

Abstract

In this study, the methanol-based nanofluids was prepared by synthesizing silver nanoparticles by thermal decomposition method and then dispersed Ag nanoparticles in pure methanol using magnetic stirring equipment. The main objective of this paper is to measure the acoustic and thermo physical parameters of the methanol-based nanofluids at different concentration and at different temperature. We have also measured the particle size, Miller indices and lattice parameters of silver nanoparticles. The multifrequency interferometer techniques at the frequency of piezoelectric transducers 1 MHz is applied for measuring the ultrasonic velocity of methanol-based nanofluids with an accuracy of ±0.1 m. The results show that ultrasonic velocity decreases initially with an increase of the nanoparticle weight/volume fraction, and then again increases and the enhancement is observed at concentration of 0.008 ?. Dipole-Induced dipole type of interaction and Agglomerisation of nanoparticles is considered to be the main reason for the ultrasonic velocity enhancement.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, XRD, Ultrasonic Velocity.

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V. D. Bhandakkar ¹, V. R. Bhat ², A. W. Asole ³, O. P. Chimankar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics, Anand Niketan College, Warora-442 914, IN
2 Department of Physics, L.T. College, Wani-445 304, IN
3 Department of Physics, Shivaji Science College, Amravati-444 602, IN
4 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, IN

Abstract

The ultrasonic velocity (U) density (ρ) and viscosity (η) of binary liquid mixture of Ammonium Hydroxide with ethanol have been measured over the entire range of compositions at the temperature 313K and frequency 1MHz. The observed basic experimental data have been utilized to evaluate some of the derived thermo acoustic parameters such as free volume, internal pressure, relaxation time and Gibbs free energy. The behavior of these parameters and the excess values of free volume, Internal pressure, relaxation time, and Gibbs free energy were evaluated with composition of the mixture and have been discussed in terms of nature and strength of molecular interactions between the constituents.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Velocity, Acoustical Parameters, Molecular Interactions.

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R. S. Shriwas ¹, O. P. Chimankar ¹, Y. D. Tembhurkar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, IN
2 Department of Physics, S.K.P. College, Kamptee-441001, Nagpur, IN

Abstract

Acoustic parameters like speed of sound, density and viscosity of pure cow's and branded milk at different temperature have been measured. Cow milk is a major source of essential nutrients for adults and children. To most of the cow's milk, sold in open air and some chemicals are added in branded milk. In the present work, the potentiality of ultrasonics is used in the place of extensive and time consuming physical and chemical methods such as spectroscopic, chromatographic and enzymatic methods. The nature of variations in the acoustic parameters adiabatic compressibility, specific acoustic impedance and Rao's molar sound function for different sample of pure cow milk and branded milk at various temperature have been discussed in the light of detection of chemical additives through molecular interactions.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Velocity, Cow Milk, Branded Milk, Molecular Association, Chemical Additives.

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N. R. Pawar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ¹, V. D. Bhandakkar ², N. N. Padole ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, IN
2 Department of Electronics, Anand Niketan College, Warora, IN

Abstract

Ultrasonic velocity and absorption measurement provides qualitative information regarding the nature and strength of interaction in the liquid mixtures. These studies are important because of their extensive use in the engineering, process industries, textile industries, pharmaceutical industries, nuclear energy industries. A growing specialty application for acrylonitrile is in the manufacture of carbon fibers. These are produced by pyrolysis of oriented poly acrylonitrile fibers and are used to reinforce composites for high-performance applications in the aircraft, defense and aerospace industries. Present paper reports the ultrasonic velocity (u), absorption (α), density (ρ), and viscosity (η), which has been measured at different frequencies (1 MHz to 10 MHz) in the binary mixtures of methanol with acrylonitrile over the entire range of composition at temperature 303 K. Van der Waal’s constant (b), adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance (Z), molar volume (V), relaxation time (τ), Wada constant (W), free length (L_f), isothermal compressibility (β_i), etc have been calculated. The result has been used to discuss the nature and strength of molecular intermolecular interactions in the system. These variations depend on structural changes due to intermolecular interactions in short regions around the molecules.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Velocity, Absorption, Compressibility, Van Der Waal’s Constant, Acrylonitrile and Methanol.

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S. P. Dange ¹, O. P. Chimankar ², S. K. Bodele ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Sindhu Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur-440017, (Maharashtra), IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, (Maharashtra), IN

Abstract

Ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ) and viscosity (η) have been measured at 2 MHz frequency in the binary mixtures of ascorbic acid with methanol over the entire range of concentration at room temperature. The experimental data have been used to calculate the acoustical parameters namely adiabatic compressibility (β_a), acoustic impedance (Z), free length (L_f), free volume (V_f) and internal Pressure (P_i). In a given bio-solution, the formation of the intermolecular H-bonds leads to enhanced dipole-dipole interactions. The above said parameters were plotted against the concentration of ascorbic acid with methanol over the entire composition range, indicates that the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the molecules of the mixture. The ultrasonic studies support the elusion of the ascorbic acid peak using the mobile phase with methanol.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Velocity, Binary Mixture, Hydrogen Bonding, Intermolecular Interaction.

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P. D. Bageshwar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ², N. R. Pawar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Mungsaji Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Darwha - 445 304, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur - 440 033, IN
3 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon - 445 303, IN

Abstract

Ultrasonic absorption of guanine in 10% HCl in distilled water by ultrasonic technique is essentials for utilizing them in biomedical technology. In biological sciences, nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids, their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA. The present paper reports the ultrasonic absorption and thermo-acoustic analysis of guanine in 10% HCl in distilled water by ultrasonic technique at different molar concentrations and temperatures. The non-linear and complex behaviour of guanine in partly acidic medium helps to detect phase separation and strength of intermolecular interactions between the constituents in the partly acidic solution of guanine.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Absorption, Guanine, Nomoto's Relation.

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N. R. Pawar ¹, P. D. Bageshwar ², O. P. Chimankar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon - 445 303, IN
2 Department of Physics, Mungsaji Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Darwha - 445 304, IN
3 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur- 440 033, IN

Abstract

The present paper reports the ultrasonic absorption and thermo-acoustic analysis of uracil in aqueous solution by ultrasonic non-destructive technique at different molar concentrations and temperatures. The non-linear and complex behaviour of uracil in aqueous medium helps to detect phase separation and strength of intermolecular interactions between the constituents in the aqueous solution of uracil.

Keywords

Uracil, Thermo-Acoustic Parameters, Ultrasonic Absorption, Nomoto’s Relation.

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V. R. Bhat ¹, V. D. Bhandakkar ², N. R. Pawar ³, O. P. Chimankar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Lokmanya Tilak College, Wani-445304, IN
2 Department of Electronics, Anand Niketan College, Warora-442914, IN
3 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce & Science College, Maregaon-445303, IN
4 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, IN

Abstract

The ultrasonic velocity density and viscosity of binary liquid mixture of tetrahydrofuran and strontium hydroxide (solvent) have been measured over the entire range of compositions at the temperatures 298K, 303K, 308K at fixed and frequency 7 MHz. The observed basic experimental data have been utilized to evaluate some of the derived thermoacoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility, molar volume relaxation time. The behavior of these derived parameters and their excess values of, adiabatic compressibility, molar volume relaxation time were evaluated with composition of the mixture and have been discussed in terms of nature and strength of molecular interactions between the constituents. Broad classification study also helps to understand the molecular interaction types.

Keywords

Uracil, Thermoacoustic Parameters, Ultrasonic Absorption, IDR.

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R. D. Chavhan ¹, Abhranil Banerjee ², Mrunal Pawar ², O. P. Chimankar ¹, N. R. Pawar ³, S. J. Dhoble ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, IN
2 St.Vincent Pallotti College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur 441 108, IN
3 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon-445 303, IN

Abstract

Boron nitride (BN) is made up of layered structure with equal number of boron and nitrogen. These atoms are held together prominently by Van der Waals forces and their nanostructures have wide range of applicability in biomedical field. BN nanopowder was synthesized by high chemical route method and its characterization has been carried out by X ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Ultrasonic characterization of BN has been observed in organic base solvent. Average particle size has been estimated by using Debye-Scherrer formula. It was found to be 70 nm. Thermo acoustic properties of nanomaterials related to the surface of nanoparticles and nanoparticle surfactant interactions. Material characterization of BN nanosuspension was studied by non-destructive technique at various molar concentrations, temperatures and frequencies.

Keywords

Ultrasonic Velocity, Adiabatic Compressibility, XRD, FTIR, Debye-Scherrer Formula.

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S. V. Khangar ¹, O. P. Chimankar ², D. V. Nandanwar ³, J. N. Ramteke ³, Swapnil A. Kale ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Mahatma Fule Arts, Commerce & Sitaramji Chaudhari Science College, Warud-444906, IN
2 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, IN
3 Department of Physics, Shri Mathuradas Mohota College of Science, Nagpur-440009, IN

Abstract

In order to perform the polymerization process, it is necessary to measure viscosity. In case of highly viscous fluid, viscosity starts to be dependent of the vibration and rotation frequency of the sensing element.The ultrasonic technique provides an effective and reliable tool to investigate properties of polymer solutions in the light of phase separation studies. The propagation of ultrasonic waves and the measurement of their viscosity in solution form an important tool for the evaluation of various acoustical and thermo-dynamical parameters which give an insight into the nature of miscibility/compatibility and molecular interactions in polymer solution. The phenomenon polymer-solvent miscibility may arises due to any specific molecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, dipole- dipole interactions and charge transfer complexes for homogeneous polymer- solvent mixture. Miscibility is an important phenomenon in polymer solution to achieve mechanical integrity, better adhesion and better processing. In present research work we have chosen polyacrylamide solution as a highly viscous fluid.

Keywords

Viscosity, Miscibility, Polyacrylamide Solution,pulse Echo Technique.

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Priti Kabra ¹, O. P. Chimankar ¹

Affiliations
1 Acoustic Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur - 440033, IN

Abstract

The ultrasonic absorption of drug-polymer suspension was determined as a function of temperature using pulser receiver. The suspensions were made up of a 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 mixture by weight of drug resperidone and polyethylene glycol by using ultrasonic probe sonicator. Ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity have been measured for different suspension at different temperature ranging from 10°C to 50°C and the various acoustical data are evaluated. The product was further characterized by using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrocopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet absorption (UV). The SEM investigations exhibit that as we increase polymer ratio the drug molecules are uniformly coated with polymer which is useful for stability and rate controlled drug release.

Keywords

Drug-Polymer Suspension, Ultrasonic, FTIR, SEM.

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N. R. Pawar ¹, Mrunal Pawar ², R. D. Chavhan ³, O. P. Chimankar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Maregaon-445 303, IN
2 St.Vincent Pallotti College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur-441 108, IN
3 Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, IN

Abstract

Boehmite nanofluids were synthesized by two step method. In this method Boehmite nano-powder was initially prepared and the powder was dispersed in methanol base fluid by magnetic stirrer method. The prepared nanopowder was characterized by X- ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average particle size has been estimated by using Debye-Scherrer formula. It was found to be about 50 nm. Nanofluids of Boehmite in methanol base fluid were prepared for various molar concentrations and their acoustical studies were made such that different types of interactions could be assessed. Thermo-acoustical parameters of this nanofluids system were computed from ultrasonic velocities, densities and viscosities at temperatures 293K, 298K, 303K, 308K and 313K at fixed frequency 5 MHz over the entire range of concentrations. The obtained results of present investigation have been discussed in the light of interactions between the Boehmite nanoparticles and the molecules of methanol based fluids.

Keywords

Boehmite Nanoparticles, Sol-gel Technique, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Zeta Potential.

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