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Mishra, A. K.
- Prevalence and Bacterial Etiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Goats Reared in Organized Farms
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Materials and Methods: A total of 181 composite milk samples were aseptically collected from the apparently healthy Barbari (n=95) and Jamunapari (n=86) goats. The California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC) were used to diagnose SCM. The milk samples with CMT scores of 0 and +1 were considered as negative, while the samples with the score of +2 or +3 were taken as positive, and further, the positive samples were used for the bacteriological examination. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by disk diffusion method using seven commercially available antibiotic discs.
Results: All the samples having CMT score of +2 or +3 demonstrated SCC more than 1 million. Overall, the prevalence of SCM in the goats was assessed as 19.89% (36/181). The prevalence of SCM in Barbari and Jamunapari goats was found as 24.21% (23/95) and 15.12% (13/86), respectively. Out of 11 isolates of Staphylococci, 9 isolates were identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS), whereas 2 isolates were found as Staphylococcus aureus. The identified bacterial isolates (n=30) did not show antibiotic resistance.
Conclusion: The current investigation showed the considerable prevalence of SCM among Jamunapari and Barbari goats which may have a negative impact on quantity and quality of the milk. CNS was found as the most prevalent cause of SCM in the goats. Negligible antibiotic resistance was found among the identified udder pathogens.
Authors
A. K. Mishra
1,
Nitika Sharma
1,
D. D. Singh
2,
K. Gururaj
1,
Abhishek
3,
Vijay Kumar
1,
D. K. Sharma
1
Affiliations
1 Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura-281122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences, N.D.U.A.&T., Faizabad-224229, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Division of Bacteriology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
1 Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura-281122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences, N.D.U.A.&T., Faizabad-224229, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Division of Bacteriology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 11, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 20-24Abstract
Aim: Assessment of the status of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in Jamunapari and Barbari goats in Indian organized farms, the involvement of bacterial pathogens and their sensitivity to antibiotics.Materials and Methods: A total of 181 composite milk samples were aseptically collected from the apparently healthy Barbari (n=95) and Jamunapari (n=86) goats. The California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC) were used to diagnose SCM. The milk samples with CMT scores of 0 and +1 were considered as negative, while the samples with the score of +2 or +3 were taken as positive, and further, the positive samples were used for the bacteriological examination. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by disk diffusion method using seven commercially available antibiotic discs.
Results: All the samples having CMT score of +2 or +3 demonstrated SCC more than 1 million. Overall, the prevalence of SCM in the goats was assessed as 19.89% (36/181). The prevalence of SCM in Barbari and Jamunapari goats was found as 24.21% (23/95) and 15.12% (13/86), respectively. Out of 11 isolates of Staphylococci, 9 isolates were identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS), whereas 2 isolates were found as Staphylococcus aureus. The identified bacterial isolates (n=30) did not show antibiotic resistance.
Conclusion: The current investigation showed the considerable prevalence of SCM among Jamunapari and Barbari goats which may have a negative impact on quantity and quality of the milk. CNS was found as the most prevalent cause of SCM in the goats. Negligible antibiotic resistance was found among the identified udder pathogens.
Keywords
California Mastitis Test, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci, Goat, Somatic Cell Count, Subclinical Mastitis.- Molecular Etiopathology of Naturally Occurring Reproductive Diseases in Female Goats
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Materials and Methods: A total of 660 female genitalia were examined for pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). The etiopathological study was carried out for the presence of pathogenic organisms such as Brucella, Chlamydia, and Campylobacter in the uterus and ovary. Based on the microscopic lesions, suspected samples were subjected to diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for various etiological agents employing 16srRNA genus specific primers for Campylobacter and Chlamydophila and OMP31 gene-based PCR for Brucella melitensis and nested PCR using ITS-1 gene primers for Toxoplasma gondii. For Brucella suspected samples, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed.
Results: In studied female genitalia, 108 (16.30%) showed gross abnormalities with overall 23.32% occurrence of pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). Pathological involvement of the uterus was the highest 68 (62.96%), followed by the ovaries 27 (25%) and other organs. Major uterine condition observed was endometritis (5.60%). In uterine infections, 35 (5.30%) samples were found positive for Campylobacter spp., 12 (1.81%) samples for B. melitensis, and 3 (0.45%) samples were positive for Chlamydophila spp. Among the samples positive for B. melitensis by PCR, 3 were found positive by IHC also. Corynebacterium ovis was detected by PCR using specific primers in a case of hydrosalpinx. It was concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats.
Authors
V. Beena
1,
R. V. S. Pawaiya
1,
K. Gururaj
1,
D. D. Singh
1,
A. K. Mishra
1,
N. K. Gangwar
1,
V. K. Gupta
2,
R. Singh
3,
A. K. Sharma
3,
M. Karikalan
3,
Ashok Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura-281122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
1 Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura-281122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243122, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 8 (2017), Pagination: 964-972Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular etiopathology of occurrence of reproductive diseases in female goats. Reproductive diseases in goats account for major economic losses to goat farmers in terms of valuable loss of offspring and animal productivity.Materials and Methods: A total of 660 female genitalia were examined for pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). The etiopathological study was carried out for the presence of pathogenic organisms such as Brucella, Chlamydia, and Campylobacter in the uterus and ovary. Based on the microscopic lesions, suspected samples were subjected to diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for various etiological agents employing 16srRNA genus specific primers for Campylobacter and Chlamydophila and OMP31 gene-based PCR for Brucella melitensis and nested PCR using ITS-1 gene primers for Toxoplasma gondii. For Brucella suspected samples, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed.
Results: In studied female genitalia, 108 (16.30%) showed gross abnormalities with overall 23.32% occurrence of pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). Pathological involvement of the uterus was the highest 68 (62.96%), followed by the ovaries 27 (25%) and other organs. Major uterine condition observed was endometritis (5.60%). In uterine infections, 35 (5.30%) samples were found positive for Campylobacter spp., 12 (1.81%) samples for B. melitensis, and 3 (0.45%) samples were positive for Chlamydophila spp. Among the samples positive for B. melitensis by PCR, 3 were found positive by IHC also. Corynebacterium ovis was detected by PCR using specific primers in a case of hydrosalpinx. It was concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats.