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Jayanegara, Anuraga
- Effects of Lipid Extraction on Nutritive Composition of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus), Rubber Seed (Hevea brasiliensis), and Tropical Almond (Terminalia catappa)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, ID
1 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, ID
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 11, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 446-451Abstract
Aim: This experiment aimed to evaluate the nutritive composition and in vitro rumen fermentability and digestibility of intact and lipid-extracted winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond.
Materials and Methods: Soybean, winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond were subjected to lipid extraction and chemical composition determination. Lipid extraction was performed through solvent extraction by Soxhlet procedure. Non-extracted and extracted samples of these materials were evaluated for in vitro rumen fermentation and digestibility assay using rumen: Buffer mixture. Parameters measured were gas production kinetics, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, ammonia, in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test.
Results: Soybean, winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond contained high amounts of ether extract, i.e., above 20% DM. Crude protein contents of soybean, winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond increased by 17.7, 4.7, 55.2, and 126.5% after lipid extraction, respectively. In vitro gas production of intact winged bean was the highest among other materials at various time point intervals (p<0.05), followed by soybean > rubber seed > tropical almond. Extraction of lipid increased in vitro gas production, total VFA concentration, IVDMD, and IVOMD of soybean, winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond (p<0.05). After lipid extraction, all feed materials had similar IVDMD and IVOMD values.
Conclusion: Lipid extraction improved the nutritional quality of winged bean, rubber seed, and tropical almond.
Keywords
Hevea brasiliensis, in vitro Rumen, Lipid Extraction, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Terminalia catappa.Full Text
References
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- Use of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) to Substitute Soybean Meal in Ruminant Diet:An In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Study
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Materials and Methods: Samples of napier grass, SBM, and BSF larvae age 1 week (BSF1) and 2 weeks (BSF2) were arranged according to the following dietary treatments (dry matter [DM] basis): T1, 100% napier grass; T2, 60% napier grass+40% SBM; T3, 60% napier grass+40% BSF1; T4, 60% napier grass+40% BSF2; T5, 60% napier grass+20% SBM+20% BSF1; and T6, 60% napier grass+20% SBM+20% BSF2. The samples were determined for their chemical composition and were incubated in vitro using buffered rumen fluid for 48 h at 39 °C. In vitro incubation was carried out in three runs and represented by two incubation bottles per run.
Results: Supplementation of BSF, both BSF1 and BSF2, increased ether extract, neutral- and acid-detergent insoluble crude protein contents of T3-T6 diets. The T3 or T4 diet resulted in lower ruminal ammonia concentration, in vitro DM digestibility, and in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility as compared to those in T2 (p<0.05). Diet supplemented with BSF produced lower methane emission in comparison to that of supplemented with SBM (p<0.05). Diet containing BSF2 produced lower methane and methane per digestible OM than that containing BSF1 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Substitution of SBM by BSF in ruminant diet results in a lower nutritional value in vitro but with an advantage of lowering ruminal methane emission.
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor-16680, ID
1 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor-16680, ID
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 12 (2017), Pagination: 1439-1446Abstract
Aim: This experiment aimed to evaluate substitution of soybean meal (SBM) by black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meal in a napier grass diet as performed by an in vitro rumen fermentation system.Materials and Methods: Samples of napier grass, SBM, and BSF larvae age 1 week (BSF1) and 2 weeks (BSF2) were arranged according to the following dietary treatments (dry matter [DM] basis): T1, 100% napier grass; T2, 60% napier grass+40% SBM; T3, 60% napier grass+40% BSF1; T4, 60% napier grass+40% BSF2; T5, 60% napier grass+20% SBM+20% BSF1; and T6, 60% napier grass+20% SBM+20% BSF2. The samples were determined for their chemical composition and were incubated in vitro using buffered rumen fluid for 48 h at 39 °C. In vitro incubation was carried out in three runs and represented by two incubation bottles per run.
Results: Supplementation of BSF, both BSF1 and BSF2, increased ether extract, neutral- and acid-detergent insoluble crude protein contents of T3-T6 diets. The T3 or T4 diet resulted in lower ruminal ammonia concentration, in vitro DM digestibility, and in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility as compared to those in T2 (p<0.05). Diet supplemented with BSF produced lower methane emission in comparison to that of supplemented with SBM (p<0.05). Diet containing BSF2 produced lower methane and methane per digestible OM than that containing BSF1 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Substitution of SBM by BSF in ruminant diet results in a lower nutritional value in vitro but with an advantage of lowering ruminal methane emission.
Keywords
Black Soldier Fly, Chitin, Insect, Methanogenesis, Rumen.Full Text