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Rawat, Nidhi
- Characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum from an outbreak in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh
Authors
1 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, IN
3 Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Anjora, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 144-148Abstract
Aim: The present investigation was conducted to isolate and characterize Salmonella Gallinarum from an outbreak of fowl typhoid in layer birds.
Materials and Methods: Clinically ill and dead layer birds from an outbreak were investigated. History, clinical signs, and postmortem lesions were suggestive of fowl typhoid. Postmortem samples including heart blood, intestinal contents, pieces of ovary, and liver were collected and processed immediately for bacterial culture, serotyping and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Isolates were further screened for the presence of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) (blaTEM) gene by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: On the basis of cultural, staining and biochemical characteristics; three bacterial isolates were confirmed as S. Gallinarum. On serotyping, somatic antigen O: 9 and 12 with nonflagellated antigen were detected in all three isolates. Isolates were intermediate sensitive to amoxycillin, amoxyclav, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin and resistant to most of the antibiotics including chloramphenicol, ampicillin, ceftazidime, cefexime, cefepime, azithromycin, nalidixin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and streptomycin. Two isolates were found to harbor ESBL (blaTEM) gene.
Conclusion: Beta lactamase producer S. Gallinarum was confirmed as cause of increased mortality in layer birds during present investigation. Existence of multi drug resistant Salmonella poses serious threat to poultry industry in Chhattisgarh.
Keywords
blaTEM, O: 9, 12, Poultry, Salmonella Gallinarum.Full Text
- Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages With Lytic Activity Against Common Bacterial Pathogens
Authors
1 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anjora Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh, IN
2 Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 8 (2017), Pagination: 973-978Abstract
Aim: Present investigation was conducted to isolate and characterize bacteriophages with lytic activity against common bacterial pathogens.Materials and Methods: A total of 60 samples of animal waste disposal from cattle (42) and buffalo (18) farms were collected from three different strata, i.e., top, mid, and bottom of collection tank. Samples were primarily subjected to rapid detection methods, and then isolation of phage was done by double agar layer method using Bacillus subtilis (BsH) and Escherichia coli (EH) as host system. Phages were characterized on the basis of plaque morphology, temperature, pH susceptibility, and host range.
Results: Recovery of phages was higher from dairy cattle farm waste (78.57%) as compared to buffalo farm waste (72.22%) and bottom layer of tank showed maximum recovery. Bacillus subtilis (91%) supported the growth of more phages as compared to E. coli (9%). Three different phage morphotypes were observed each against Bacillus subtilis (BsHR1, BsHR2, and BsHR3) and E. coli (EHR1, EHR2, and EHR3). Mean phage titer of above six phage isolates ranged between 3×1010 and 5×1012 plaque forming units/ml. Viability of phages was by, and large unaffected at 70°C within 2-3 min, and phage isolates were completely inactivated below pH 3 and above 11. Coliphage EHR1 had widest host range followed by BsHR1 and BsHR2 while EHR2, EHR3, and BsHR3 had low lytic activity.
Conclusion: It could be concluded from the present study that the Bacillus and Coli phage has wide host range and thus exhibits the potential to be used as drug substitute tool against common bacterial pathogens.
Keywords
Bacillus subtilis, Bacteriophage, Escherichia coli, Host Range, Sewage.Full Text