Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Corporate Governance and Family-Owned Businesses: A Systematic Review


Affiliations
1 Ph.D Research Scholar, Department Of Commerce, Delhi School Of Economics, University Of Delhi, Assistant Professor, Gargi College, University Of Delhi ., India
 

The paper aims to synthesize evidence obtained from studies published during 1999 to 2022 concerning corporate governance in family-owned businesses. It attempts to expound the imminent research gaps in the literature related to the constructs of corporate governance in family-owned businesses. A systematic review of literature was conducted with biblioshiny in context of corporate governance in family-owned companies from papers published in English language and indexed in Scopus from Jan 1999- July 2022 in business, management, finance, accounting and corporate governance related journals. Results reveal that literature is lopsided referring to family ownership and firm performance with extremely limited evidence on corporate governance in family-owned businesses and a few of its key constructs; hence, there is a need to foster empirical research in this context. Further, the literature is almost silent in the context of promoters’ remuneration; formation of committees, institutional investors, IPOs and stock returns; mergers and acquisitions & related party transactions in family-owned companies. This study provides insights on prominent research gaps in the domain of corporate governance and key constructs referred above along with board composition, choice of auditor and CSR spending in family-owned companies. In view of the scant literature and inconclusive evidence reported in the domain of corporate governance in family-owned businesses, especially in India, USA and UK, this review presents a distinct framework of research for corporate governance in family-owned businesses, highlighting the key constructs therein. Further, literature on family ownership was found mainly in countries like Malaysia and Lebanon with a few studies which addressed agency problems in family-owned businesses and or reflecting the state of corporate governance in such businesses.

Keywords

Board, Corporate Governance, Family Ownership, Ownership, Performance, Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Kets de Vries, Manfred F.R., The Dark Side of Entrepreneurship (1985). Harvard Business Review, Vol.
  • , Issue 6, p. 160-167.https://ssrn .com /abstract =1505242.
  • Abor, J., &Adjasi,C.K.D. (2007). “Corporate governance and the small and medium enterp rises sector: theory and implications”, International journal of business in society, 7 (2), 111 – 122
  • Sarbah, A. and Xiao, W. (2015) Good Corporate Governance Structures: A Must for Family Businesses.
  • Open Journal of Business and Management, 3, 40-57. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.4236/ojbm.2015.31005.
  • Zattoni, A. (2011). Who should control a corporation? Toward a contingency stakeholder model for allocating ownership rights. Journal of Business Ethics,103, 255–274.
  • Aguilera, Ruth &Cladera, Rafel. (2016). Global corporate governance: On the relevance of firms’ ownership structure. Journal of World Business. 51.10.1016/j.jwb.2015.10.003.
  • Kahle, Kathleen M. and Stulz, Rene M., Is the U.S. Public Corporation in Trouble? (2017). Journal of Economic Perspectives, Forthcoming; Fisher College of Business Working Paper No. 2016-03-23; European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI) -Finance Working Paper No. 495/2017; Charles A Dice Center Working No. 2016-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2869301.
  • Barbosa, Natália&Louri, Helen. (2002). On the determinants of multinationals' ownership preferences: Evidence from Greece and Portugal. International Journal of Industrial Organization. 20. 493 -515.
  • 1016/S0167-7187(00)00102-8.
  • Berle, A. and Means, G. (1932) The Modern Corporation and Private Property. Commerce Clearing House, New York.
  • Peres-gonzalez, F. (2001). Does inherited control hurt firm performance?
  • Anderson, Ronald &Reeb, David. (2003). Founding-Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from the S&P 500. The Journal of Finance. 58. 1301-1327. 10.1111/1540-6261.00567.
  • Cook DJ, Mulrow CD, Haynes RB. Systematic reviews: synthesis of best evidence for clinical decisions.
  • Ann Intern Med. 1997 Mar 1;126(5):376-80. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-126-5-199703010-00006. PMID: 9054282.
  • Chong,H.Y. and Lee, C. and Wang, X. 2017. A mixed review of the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production. 142 (Part 4): pp. 4114 -4126.
  • Alderson, K. (2015). Conflict management and resolution in family-owned businesses: A practitioner focused review. In Journal of Family Business Management(Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 140–156). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-08-2015-0030
  • Alhussayen, H., Shabou, R., Medhioub, I., &Samontaray, D. P. (2020). Corporate governance in Saudi Arabia: what happens to firm value when the board of directors and ownership structure interact? In Int. J.
  • Business Innovation and Research (Vol. 23, Issue 2).
  • Ismail, Norashikin&Sinnadurai, Philip. (2012). Does Ownership Concentration Type Affect The Mapping Of Earnings Quality Into Value? -Malaysian Evidence. The Journal of Business and Policy Research. 7. 2447.
  • Gul, R., Ullah, S., Rehman, A. U., Hussain, S., &Alam, M. (2020). Corporate governance and cash holdings: Family versus non-family-controlled firms. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1).
  • https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1854562
  • Gurarda, S., Ozsoz, E., &Ates, A. (2016). Corporate governance rating and ownership structure in the case of Turkey. International Journal of Financial Studies, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs4020008
  • Connelly, J. T., Limpaphayom, P., & Nagarajan, N. J. (2012). Form versus substance: The effect of ownership structure and corporate governance on firm value in Thailand. Journal of Banking and Finance, 36(6), 1722–1743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.01.017
  • Chau, G., &Gray, S. J. (2010). Family ownership, board independence and voluntary disclosure: Evidence from Hong Kong. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 19(2), 93–109.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2010.07.002
  • Vural, D. (2018). Disclosure Practices by Family Firms: Evidence from Swedish Publicly Listed Firms.
  • Accounting in Europe, 15(3), 347–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449480.2018.1479531
  • Ho, P.-L., & Tower, G. (2011). Ownership Structure And Voluntary Disclosure In Corporate Annual Reports Of Malaysian Listed Firms. In Corporate Ownership & Control (Vol. 8, Issue 2).
  • Habbash, M. (2016). Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Social Responsibility Journal, 12(4), 740–754. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-07-2015-0088
  • San Martin-Reyna, J. M., & Duran-Encalada, J. A. (2012). The relationship among family business, corporate governance and firm performance: Evidence from the Mexican stock exchange. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 3(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2012.03.001
  • Spanos, L. J., Tsipouri, L. J., &Xanthakis, M. D. (2008). Corporate governance rating of family firms at the Athens exchange market. Managerial Finance, 34(7), 465–478.https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350810874424
  • Abrardi, L., &Rondi, L. (2020). Ownership and performance in the Italian stock exchange: the puzzle of family firms. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 47(4), 613–643.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-020-00160-z
  • Al-Okaily, J., &Naueihed, S. (2020). Audit committee effectiveness and family firms: impact on performance. Management Decision, 58(6), 1021–1034. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-04-2018-0422
  • Alsaadi, A. (2022). Family ownership and corporate social responsibility disclosure. Revista Espanola de FinanciacionyContabilidad. https://doi.org/10.1080/02102412.2021.1904661
  • Amore, M. D., Quarato, F., &Pelucco, V. (2022). Family Ownership during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
  • https://ssrn.com/abstract=3773430
  • Bhatt, R. R., & Bhattacharya, S. (2015). Board structure and firm performance in Indian IT firms. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 12(3), 232–248. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-07-2014-0042
  • Bianco, M., Ciavarella, A., & Signoretti, R. (2015). Women on corporate boards in Italy: The role of family connections. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 23(2), 129–144.
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12097
  • Briano-Turrent, G. D. C., Li, M., & Peng, H. (2020). The impact of family-CEOs and their demographic characteristics on dividend payouts: Evidence from Latin America. Research in International Business and Finance, 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2019.101086
  • Chen, E.-T., &Nowland, J. (2010). Optimal board monitoring in family-owned companies: Evidence from Asia. In Corporate Governance: An International Review (Vol. 18, Issue 1).http://ssrn.com/abstract=996768
  • Chen, G., Chittoor, R., &Vissa, B. (2020). Does Nepotism Run in the Family? CEO Pay and PayPerformance Sensitivity in Indian Family Firms.
  • Cheng, M., Lin, B., & Wei, M. (2015). Executive compensation in family firms: The effect of multiple family members. Journal of Corporate Finance, 32, 238–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2014.10.014
  • Dow, S., & McGuire, J. (2016). Family Matters? A Cross-National Analysis of the Performance Implications of Family Ownership. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 24(6), 584–598.
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12155
  • El-Dyasty, M. A., &Elamer, A. A. (2021). The effect of ownership structure and board characteristics on auditor choice: Evidence from Egypt. In International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Forthcoming (Issue 16).
  • Fėlix, E. G. S., & David, D. S. T. (2019). Performance of family-owned firms: the impact of gender at the management level. Journal of Family Business Management, 9(2), 228–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM10-2018-0051
  • Al-Okaily, J. (2020). The effect of family control on audit fees during financial crisis. Managerial Auditing Journal, 35(5), 645–665. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-12-2018-2114
  • Garcia-Castro, R. (2014). Family Involvement-Firm Performance Link: Winning Configurations Revealed by Set-theoretic Methods. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263587207
  • Gill, S., & Kaur, P. (2015). Family Involvement in Business and Financial Performance: A Panel Data Analysis. Vikalpa, 40(4), 395–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090915605756
  • Giovannini, R. (2010). Corporate governance, family ownership and performance. Journal of Management and Governance, 14(2), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-009-9093-x
  • Hamberg, M., Andre Fagerland, E., &Kvamme Nilsen, K. (2013). Founding-family firms and the creation of value: Swedish evidence. Managerial Finance, 39(10), 963–978. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-11-20120228
  • Hegde, S., Seth, R., &Vishwanatha, S. R. (2020). Ownership concentration and stock returns: Evidence from family firms in India. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101330
  • Hsu, H. H., Lin, C. H., & Tsao, S. M. (2018). Founding family and auditor choice: Evidence from Taiwan.
  • Corporate Governance: An International Review, 26(2), 118–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12226
  • Huang, X., & Kang, F. (2019). Are family firms more optimistic than non-family firms? Accounting Research Journal, 32(3), 399–416. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-07-2017-0111
  • Ignacio Espinoza Aguiló, T., & Felipe Espinoza Aguiló, N. (2012). Family business and firm performance: evidence from the Mexican Stock Exchange. In Int. J. Management Practice (Vol. 5, Issue 4).
  • Kao, M. F., Hodgkinson, L., & Jaafar, A. (2019). Ownership structure, board of directors and firm performance: evidence from Taiwan. Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(1), 189–216.
  • https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2018-0144
  • Navarro, M. S., &Ansón, S. G. (2009). Do families shape corporate governance structures? Journal of Management & Organization, 15(3), 327–345. https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2009.15.3.327
  • Khalil, S. K., Cohen, J. R., &Trompeter, G. M. (2011). Auditor resignation and firm ownership structure.
  • Accounting Horizons, 25(4), 703–727. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch-50061
  • Klein, P., Shapiro, D., & Young, J. (2005). Corporate governance, family ownership and firm value 769 Corporate Governance, Family Ownership and Firm Value: the Canadian evidence (Vol. 13).
  • http://www.gmiratings.
  • Kowalewski, O., Talavera, O., &Stetsyuk, I. (2010). Influence of family involvement in management and ownership on firm performance: Evidence from Poland. Family Business Review, 23(1), 45–59.
  • https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486509355803
  • Lam, T. yan, & Lee, S. kam. (2012). Family ownership, board committees and firm performance: Evidence from Hong Kong. Corporate Governance (Bingley), 12(3), 353–366.
  • https://doi.org/10.1108/14720701211234609
  • Lamb, N. H., Butler, F., & Roundy, P. (2017). Family firms and corporate social responsibility: exploring “concerns.” Journal of Strategy and Management, 10(4), 469–487. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-02-20160010
  • Martin-Reyna, J. M. S., & Duran-Encalada, J. A. (2015). Effects of family ownership, debt and board composition on mexicanfirms performance. International Journal of Financial Studies, 3(1), 56–74.
  • https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs3010056
  • Musallam, S. R. M., Fauzi, H., &Nagu, N. (2019). Family, institutional investors ownerships and corporate performance: the case of Indonesia. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ08-2017-0155
  • Rajput, M., &Jhunjhunwala, S. (2019). Corporate governance and payout policy: evidence from India.
  • Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(5), 1117–1132. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2018-0258
  • Rees, W., & Rodionova, T. (2015). The influence of family ownership on corporate social responsibility: An international analysis of publicly listed companies. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 23(3), 184–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12086
  • Rubino, F., & Napoli, F. (2020). What impact does corporate governance have on corporate environmental performances? An empirical study of italian listed firms. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(14), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145742
  • Saito, T. (2008). Family firms and firm performance: Evidence from Japan. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 22(4), 620–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2008.06.001
  • Salem, I. H., Ayadi, S. D., &Hussainey, K. (2019). Corporate governance and risk disclosure quality: Tunisian evidence. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 9(4), 567–602. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-01-2019-0005
  • Sener, P., &AkbenSelcuk, E. (2019). Family involvement, corporate governance and dividends in Turkey.
  • Managerial Finance, 45(5), 602–621. https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-01-2018-0011
  • Setiawan, D., Bandi, B., Kee Phua, L., &Trinugroho, I. (2016). Ownership structure and dividend policy in Indonesia. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 10(3), 230–252. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-05-2015-0053
  • Srivastava, A., & Bhatia, S. (2020). Influence of Family Ownership and Governance on Performance: Evidence from India. Global Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919880711
  • Taras, V., Memili, E., Wang, Z., & Harms, H. (2018). Family involvement in publicly traded firms and firm performance: a meta -analysis. Management Research Review, 41(2), 225–251.
  • https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-05-2017-0150
  • Visintin, F., Pittino, D., &Minichilli, A. (2017). Financial performance and non-family CEO turnover in private family firms under different conditions of ownership and governance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 25(5), 312–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12201
  • Yarram, S. R., &Adapa, S. (2021). Does family ownership matter in executive pay design? Personnel Review, 50(3), 880–899. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2019-0164
  • Zhou, J., Tam, O. K., & Yu, P. (2012). An investigation of the role of family ownership, control and management in listed Chinese family firms. Asian Business and Management, 12(2), 197–225.
  • https://doi.org/10.1057/abm.2012.40
  • Goh, C. F., Rasli, A., & Khan, S. U. R. (2014). CEO duality, board independence, corporate governance and firm performance in family firms: Evidence from the manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Asian Business and Management, 13(4), 333–357. https://doi.org/10.1057/abm.2014.4
  • Sakawa, H., &Watanabel, N. (2019). Family control and ownership monitoring in Stakeholder-oriented corporate governance. Management Decision, 57(7), 1712–1728. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-04-20180480
  • Oba, B., Ozsoy, Z., &Atakan, S. (2010). Power in the boardroom: A study on Turkish family-owned and listed companies. Corporate Governance, 10(5), 603–616. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720701011085571
  • Sahasranamam, Sreevas& Arya, Bindu & Sud, Mukesh. (2020). Ownership structure and corporate social responsibility in an emerging market. Asia Pacific Journal of Management. 37. 10.1007/s10490-019-096491.
  • Canavati, Sergio. (2018). Corporate social performance in family firms: a meta-analysis. Journal of Family Business Management. 8. 10.1108/JFBM-05-2018-0015.
  • Shyu, Jonchi. (2011). Family ownership and firm performance: Evidence from Taiwanese firms.
  • International Journal of Managerial Finance. 7. 397-411. 10.1108/17439131111166393.
  • McConaugby, Daniel & Matthews, Charles &Fialko, Anne. (2001). Founding Family Controlled Firms: Performance, Risk, and Value. Journal of Small Business Management. 39. 31 - 49. 10.1111/04472778.00004.
  • Allouche, José & Amann, Bruno &Jaussaud, Jacques & Kurashina, Toshiki. (2008). The Impact of Family Control on the Performance and Financial Characteristics of Family Versus Nonfamily Businesses in Japan: A Matched-Pair Investigation. Family Business Review. XXI. 315-330. 10.1177/08944865080210040104.
  • Cassia, Lucio & De Massis, Alfredo &Kotlar, Josip. (2012). Exploring the Effect of Family Control on the Characteristics of SMEs in Northern Italy. International Journal of Engineering Business Management. 4.
  • 5772/53988.
  • Coleman, Susan &Carsky, Mary. (1999). Sources of Capital for Small Family-Owned BusinessesEvidence from the National Survey of Small Business Finances. Family Business Review - FAM BUS REV. 12. 7384. 10.1111/j.1741-6248.1999.00073. x.
  • Eklund, J., Palmberg, J. &Wiberg, D. Inherited corporate control and returns on investment. Small Bus Econ 41, 419–431 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-012-9432-1
  • Rusmin, Rusmin& Evans, John & Hossain, Mahmud. (2012). Ownership structure, political connection and firm performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Corporate Ownership and Control. 10. 434 -443.10.22495/cocv10i1c4art4.
  • Harjito, D. A. ., Santoso, A. R. C. ., & McGowan, Jr. , C. B. . (2021). The Effect Of Corporate Governance And Corporate Strategy On Family Firm Performance In Indonesia. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 37(1), 11–16. Retrieved from https://clutejournals.com/index.php/JABR/article/view/10367
  • Nizar Dwaikat& Ihab Sameer Qubbaj& Abdelbaset Queiri&YudhvirSeetharam, 2021. "Gender diversity on the board of directors and its impact on the Palestinian financial performance of the firm ," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 1948659-194, January
  • Ethel Brundin, Emilia Florin Samuelsson and Leif Melin (2014). Family ownership logic: Framingthe core characteristics of family businesses. Journal of Management & Organization, 20, pp 6-37 doi:10.1017/jmo.2014.15
  • Sultana, N. (2015), “Audit committee characteristics and accounting conservatism”, International Journal of Auditing, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 88-102.
  • Kusnadi, Y., Leong, K.S., Suwardy, T. and Wang, J. (2016), “Audit committees and financial reporting quality in Singapore”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 139 No. 1, pp. 197-214.
  • Wan Mohammad, W. M., &Wasiuzzaman, S. (2020). Effect of audit committee independence, board ethnicity and family ownership on earnings management in Malaysia. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 10(1), 74–99. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-01-2019-0001
  • Al-Najjar, B. and Kilincarslan, E. (2016), “The effect of ownership structure on dividend policy evidence from Turkey”, Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society,Vol. 16 No. 1, pp.
  • -161.
  • González, M., Guzmán, A., Pombo, C. and Trujillo, M.-A. (2014), “Family involvement and dividend policy in closely held firms”, Family Business Review, Vol. 24 No. 7, pp. 365-385.
  • Pindado, J., Requejo, I. and De La Torre, C. (2012), “Do family firms use dividend policy as a governance mechanism? Evidence from the Euro zone”, Corporate Governance: An International Review, Vol. 20 No.5, pp. 413-431.
  • Chen, Z., Cheung, Y. L., Stouraitis, A., & Wong, A. W. S. (2005). Ownership concentration, firm performance, and dividend policy in Hong Kong. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 13(4), 431 –449.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2004.12.001
  • David, P., Hitt, M. A., &Gimeno, J. (2001). The influence of activism by institutional investors on R&D. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 144-157.
  • Grant, R. M. (2002). Contemporary strategy analysis: Concepts, techniques and applications. Oxford, UK: Blackwell
  • Baysinger, B. D., Kosnik, R. D., & Turk, T. A. (1991). Effects of board andownership structure on corporate R&D strategy. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 205-214.
  • Lee, P. M., & O’Neill, H. M. (2003). Ownership structures and R&Dinvestments of U.S. and Japanese firms: Agency and stewardshipperspectives. Academy of Management Journal, 46, 212 -225
  • Chen H-L, Hsu W-T. Family Ownership, Board Independence, and R&D Investment. Family Business Review. 2009;22(4):347-362. doi:10.1177/0894486509341062.
  • Raoul Minetti, PierluigiMurro and Monica Paiella, Ownership structure, governance, and innovation, European Economic Review, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.09.007.
  • Shanmugasundaram, Subramanian, Internationalization and Corporate Governance of Indian Family Owned Business Groups (March 1, 2019). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3363113
  • Singla, Chitra &Veliyath, Rajaram. (2010). Internationalization, Family Business and Corporate Governance: An Emerging Market Perspective. Academy of Management Proceedings. 2010. 1-6.
  • 5465/AMBPP.2010.54493684.
  • Cho, Jaeyoung; Lee, Jang-woo (2017): The impact of ownership structureon internationalization: An empirical study of Korean SMEs, Global Business & Finance Review (GBFR), ISSN 2384-1648, People & Global Business Association (P&GBA), Seoul, Vol. 22, Iss.1, pp. 51-66, https://doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2017.22.1.51
  • md nor, Hamezah&Mohd Saleh, Norman & Jaffar, Romlah&Zaleha, And. (2010). Corporate governance and R&D reporting in Malaysian MESDAQ market. International Journal of Economics and Management.
  • Jiang, Fuxiu& Shi, Wei & Zheng, Xiaojia, 2020. "Board chairs and R&D investment: Evidence from Chinese family-controlled firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 109-118.
  • Sakawa, H.; Watanabel, N. Family Control and Corporate Innovation in Stakeholder- Oriented Corporate Governance. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5044https://doi.org/ 10.3390/su13095044
  • Eklund, J., Palmberg, J., &Wiberg, D. (2013). Inherited corporate control and returns on investment. Small Business Economics, 41(2), 419–431. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43552875
  • Dawson, Alexandra & Parada, Maria Jose. (2018). Corporate Governance in Family Businesses Across Generations: Exploring Intergenerational Issues. 10.1007/978-3-319-77676-7_6.
  • Morck R, Yeung B. Agency Problems in Large Family Business Groups. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2003;27(4):367-382. doi:10.1111/1540-8520.t01-1-00015
  • Burkart, Mike, Panunzi, Fausto and Shleifer, Andrei (2003) Family firms. The Journal of Finance, 58 (5).pp. 2167-2201. ISSN 0022-1082.
  • Schulze, William &Lubatkin, Michael & Dino, Richard. (2003). Toward a Theory of Altruism in Family Firms. Journal of Business Venturing. 18. 473-490. 10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00054-5.
  • Pérez-González, Francisco. 2006. "Inherited Control and Firm Performance." American Economic Review, 96 (5): 1559-1588.
  • Van Herck et al. BMC Health Services Research 2010, 10:247http://www.biomedcentral.com/14726963/10/247.
  • Donthu, Naveen & Kumar, Satish & Mukherjee, Debmalya& Pandey, Nitesh & Lim, Weng Marc. (2021).
  • How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research. 133.
  • 1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070.
  • Kaur, Raghuveer. (2019). Corporate Governance in Family Businesses – A Review.
  • Aguilera, Ruth V. and Desender, Kurt A., Challenges in the Measuring of Comparative Corporate Governance: A Review of the Main Indices (January 27, 2012). RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN STRATEGY AND MANAGEMENT, Vol. 7, Catherine L. Wang, David J. Ketchen, & Donald D. Bergh, eds., Emerald, Forthcoming, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1995615
  • Gollakota, K. and Gupta, V.(2006), "History, ownership forms and corporate governance in India", Journal of Management History, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 185-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552520610654078
  • Villalonga, Belen & Amit, Raphael & Trujillo, María & Guzman, Alexander. (2015). Governance of Family Firms. Annual Review of Financial Economics. 7. 635-654. 10.1146/annurev-financial-110613034357.
  • Claessens, Stijn & Fan, Po-Hung. (2002). Corporate Governance in Asia: A Survey. International Review of Finance. 3. 71-103. 10.2139/ssrn.386481.
  • Faccio, Mara & Lang, H.. (2002). The Ultimate Ownership of Western European Corporations. Journal of Financial Economics. 65. 365-395. 10.1016/S0304-405X(02)00146-0.
  • Boyd, B. K., &Hoskisson, R. E. (2010). Corporate Governance of Business Groups. In The Oxford Handbook of Business Groups Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552863.003.0024
  • Berghe, Lutgart&Carchon, Steven. (2003). Agency Relations within the Family Business System: An Exploratory Approach. Corporate Governance: An International Review. 11. 171-179. 10.1111/14678683.00316.
  • Aguilera, Ruth & Jackson, Gregory. (2003). The Cross-National Diversity of Corporate Governance: Dimensions and Determinants. The Academy of Management Review. 28. 10.5465/AMR.2003.10196772.
  • Aguilera, R., Filatotchev, I., Gospel, H. and Jackson, G. (2008) An Organizational Approach to Comparative Corporate Governance: Costs, Contingencies, and Complementarities. Organization Science, 19, 475-492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1070.0322
  • Fama, Eugene F. and Jensen, Michael C., Separation of Ownership and Control. Michael C. Jensen, FOUNDATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY, Harvard University Press, 1998, and Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 26, June 1983, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=94034 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.94034
  • Bahoo, Salman & Alon, Ilan& Paltrinieri, Andrea. (2019). Corruption in international business: A review
  • and research agenda. International Business Review. 29. 101660. 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2019.101660.
  • Liberati, A., Altman, D.G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P.C., Ioannidis, J.P.A., Clarke, M., et al.
  • (2009), “The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta -analyses of studies that
  • evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration”, PLoS Medicine, Vol. 6 No. 7, available at:
  • doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100.
  • Neubauer, F. and Lank, A. (1998) The Family Business: Its Governance f or Sustainability. MacMillan
  • Press Ltd., Houndmills, 65-67.
  • Harjoto, M. A., & Jo, H. (2011). Corporate governance and CSR nexus. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(1), 45–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0772-6
  • Munari, F., Oriani, R., &Sobrero, M. (2010). The effects of owner identity and external governance systems on R&D investments: A study of western european firms. Research Policy, 39(8), 1093 –1104.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.05.004.
  • Berghe, Lutgart&Carchon, Steven. (2002). Corporate Governance Practices in Flemish Family Businesses. Corporate Governance: An International Review. 10. 225 - 245. 10.1111/1467-8683.00286.
  • Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Cruz, C., Berrone, P., & de Castro, J. (2011). The Bind that ties: Socioemotional
  • wealth preservation in family firms. In Academy of Management Annals (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 653–707).
  • https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.5933201
  • Haque, F., Arun, T., & Kirkpatrick, C. (2011). The political economy of corporate governance in
  • developing economies: The case of Bangladesh. Research in International Business and Finance, 25(2),
  • –182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2011.01.001
  • Darmadi, S. (2016). Ownership Concentration, Family Control, and Auditor Choice: Evidence from an
  • Emerging Market. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1999809http://ssrn.com/abstract=1999809
  • Ho, J., Huang, C. J., & Karuna, C. (2020). Large shareholder ownership types and board governance.
  • Journal of Corporate Finance, 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.1017151
  • Liao, G. M., & Lu, C. (2009). Ownership structure and corporate voluntary disclosure-evidence from
  • taiwan.
  • Lima Crisóstomo, V. (2018). The ultimate controlling owner and corporate governance in Brazil.
  • https://ssrn.com/abstract=3216179https://ssrn.com/abstract=3216179
  • Liu, Y., Valenti, A., & Chen, Y. J. (2016). Corporate governance and information transparency in Taiwan’s public firms: The moderating effect of family ownership. Journal of Management and Organization, 22(5),662–679. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2015.56
  • Kahveci, E. (2019). Family business, firm efficiency and corporate governance relation: the case of
  • corporate governance index firms in turkey. In Academy of Strategic Management Journal (Vol. 18, Issue
  • Federo, R., Ponomareva, Y., Aguilera, R. v., Saz-Carranza, A., &Losada, C. (2020). Bringing owners back on board: A review of the role of ownership type in board governance. Corporate Governance: An
  • International Review, 28(6), 348–371. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12346135
  • Cheung, Y. L., Chung, C. W., Tan, W., & Wang, W. (2013). Connected board of directors: A blessing or a curse? Journal of Banking and Finance, 37(8), 3227–3242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.03.001
  • Chau, G., & Leung, P. (2006). The impact of board composition and family ownership on audit committee formation: Evidence from Hong Kong. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 15(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2006.01.001
  • Abdullatif, M., Ghanayem, H., Ahmad-Amin, R., Al-Shelleh, S., &Sharaiha, L. (2015). The performance of audit committees in jordanian public listed companies. In Corporate Ownership & Control (Vol. 13, Issue
  • .
  • Krishnan, G., Peytcheva, M. (2019). The Risk of Fraud in Family Firms: Assessments of External Auditors.J Bus Ethics 157, 261–278 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3687-z
  • Hernández-Linares, R., Sarkar, S., & López-Fernández, M. C. (2017). How has the family firm literature addressed its heterogeneity through classification systems? An integrated analysis. In European Journal of Family Business (Vol. 7, Issues 1–2, pp. 1–13). Universidad de Malaga. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfb.2017.06.003
  • Darmadi, S., Jaya Sektor, B. v, Selatan, T., &AchmadSodikin, I (2013). Information Disclosure by FamilyControlled Firms: The Role of Board Independence and Institutional Ownership .
  • http://ssrn.com/abstract=2205625http://ssrn.com/abstract=2205625
  • Ben, C., Molson, A. J., Boubaker, S., Magnan, M., & Molson, J. (2020). Auditors and the PrincipalPrincipal Agency Conflict in Family-Controlled Firms § Auditors and the Principal-Principal Agency
  • Conflict in Family-Controlled Firms.
  • Surya, R. L. (2019). Impact of Family Ownership on the Firm’s Abnormal Audit Fees
  • Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., &Litz, R. A. (2004). Comparing the agency costs of family and non -Family firms: Conceptual issues and exploratory evidence. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28, 335–354.
  • Nordqvist, M., Sharma, P., & Chirico, F. (2014). Family firm heterogeneity and governance: A
  • configuration approach. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(2), 192–209.
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12096
  • Barontini, R., &Bozzi, S. (2018). Family firm heterogeneity and CEO compensation in Continental Europe. Journal of Economics and Business, 97, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.02.001
  • Theeravanich, A. (2013). Director Compensation in Emerging Markets: A Case Study of Thailand. Journal of Economics and Business, 70, 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2013.05.001
  • Lauterbach, B., & Yosef, R. (2022). Corporate governance progress and the pay premium of owner CEOs: Evidence from Israel. Corporate Governance: An International Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12431
  • Dahlsrud, A. (2008). How corporate social responsibility is defined: An analysis of 37 definitions.
  • Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.132
  • Bennedsen, M., Kasper, M., Nielsen, F., Perez-Gonzalez, D., Kasper, M. B., Nielsen, M., Perez-1Gonzalez, F., &Wolfenzon, D. (2007). Inside the Family Firm: The Role of Families in Succession Decisions and performance. In Quarterly Journal of Economics (Vol. 122, Issue 2).
  • De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Wright, M., &Kellermanns, F. W. (2018). Sector-based entrepreneurial
  • capabilities and the promise of sector studies in entrepreneurship. In Entrepreneurship: Theory and
  • Practice(Vol. 42, Issue 1, pp. 3–23). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258717740548
  • De Massis, A., Frattini, F., &Lichtenthaler, U. (2013). Research on technological innovation in family
  • firms: Present debates and future directions. Family Business Review, 26(1), 10–31.
  • Poutziouris, P., O’sullivan, K., &Nicolescu, L. (1997). The [Re]-Generation of Family-Business
  • Entrepreneurship in the Balkans.
  • Poza, E. J. (1995). Global competition and the family-owned business in Latin America. Family Business Review, 8(4), 301–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1995.00301.x
  • Ananzeh, H. (2022). Corporate governance and the quality of CSR disclosure: lessons from an emerging economy. Society and Business Review.
  • Biswas, P. K., Roberts, H., & Whiting, R. H. (2019). The impact of family vs non-family governance
  • contingencies on CSR reporting in Bangladesh. Management Decision, 57(10), 2758–2781. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2017-1072
  • el Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O., Wang, H., & Kwok, C. C. Y. (2016). Family control and corporate social
  • responsibility. Journal of Banking and Finance, 73, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2016.08.008
  • Hirigoyen, G., &Poulain-Rehm, T. (2014). The corporate social responsibility of family businesses: An
  • international approach. International Journal of Financial Studies, 2(3), 240–265. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs2030240
  • Oh, W. Y., Chang, Y. K., & Jung, R. (2019). Board characteristics and corporate social responsibility: Does family involvement in management matter? Journal of Business Research, 103, 23–33.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.05.028
  • Shu, P. G., & Chiang, S. J. (2020). The impact of corporate governance on corporate social performance: Cases from listed firms in Taiwan. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 61.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101332
  • Abeysekera, A. P., & Fernando, C. S. (2020). Corporate social responsibility versus corporate shareholder responsibility: A family firm perspective. Journal of Corporate Finance, 61.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2018.05.003
  • Yu, B., Zeng, S., Chen, H., Meng, X., & Tam, C. (2021). Doing more and doing better are two different
  • entities: Different patterns of family control and environmental performance. Business Strategy and the
  • Environment, 30(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2605
  • Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Larraza -Kintana, M., &Makri, M. (2003). The Determinants of Executive
  • Compensation in Family-Controlled Public Corporations. The Academy of Management Journal, 46(2),
  • –237. https://doi.org/10.2307/30040616
  • Demsetz, H., & Lehn, K. (1985). The structure of corporate ownership: Causes and consequences. Journal of Political Economy, 93(6), 1155–1177.

Abstract Views: 114

PDF Views: 81




  • Corporate Governance and Family-Owned Businesses: A Systematic Review

Abstract Views: 114  |  PDF Views: 81

Authors

Rupal Arora
Ph.D Research Scholar, Department Of Commerce, Delhi School Of Economics, University Of Delhi, Assistant Professor, Gargi College, University Of Delhi ., India

Abstract


The paper aims to synthesize evidence obtained from studies published during 1999 to 2022 concerning corporate governance in family-owned businesses. It attempts to expound the imminent research gaps in the literature related to the constructs of corporate governance in family-owned businesses. A systematic review of literature was conducted with biblioshiny in context of corporate governance in family-owned companies from papers published in English language and indexed in Scopus from Jan 1999- July 2022 in business, management, finance, accounting and corporate governance related journals. Results reveal that literature is lopsided referring to family ownership and firm performance with extremely limited evidence on corporate governance in family-owned businesses and a few of its key constructs; hence, there is a need to foster empirical research in this context. Further, the literature is almost silent in the context of promoters’ remuneration; formation of committees, institutional investors, IPOs and stock returns; mergers and acquisitions & related party transactions in family-owned companies. This study provides insights on prominent research gaps in the domain of corporate governance and key constructs referred above along with board composition, choice of auditor and CSR spending in family-owned companies. In view of the scant literature and inconclusive evidence reported in the domain of corporate governance in family-owned businesses, especially in India, USA and UK, this review presents a distinct framework of research for corporate governance in family-owned businesses, highlighting the key constructs therein. Further, literature on family ownership was found mainly in countries like Malaysia and Lebanon with a few studies which addressed agency problems in family-owned businesses and or reflecting the state of corporate governance in such businesses.

Keywords


Board, Corporate Governance, Family Ownership, Ownership, Performance, Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

References