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Whether Plasmodium Knowlesi will be a Future Threat for India?


Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology and Advance Biotechnology, Govt Arts College, Nandanam, Madras University, Chennai,, India
2 Dept of Community Medicine, PIMS, Pondicherry, India
3 Dept. of Dept. of Zoology and Advance Biotechnology, Govt Arts College, Chennai, India
4 Dept of Physiology, PIMS, Pondicherry, India
5 Dept of Community Medicine,PIMS,Pondicherry, India
     

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Fifth strain of human malaria is plasmodium knowlesi which is mimicking like plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Malariae. It is fatal disease in human which is common in Southeast Asia. The incubation period for P. knowlesi is about 12 days - the shortest known malaria of all the known malarias that infect humans and primates. P knowlesi has a 24 hour asexual cycle and the clinical features are Headache, fever -quotidian, chills and cold sweats, respiratory distress and it extent to renal failure, liver failure. The disease can be treated using already existing anti-malaria therapy such as mefloquine and chloroquine. Chloroquine is specifically preferred for non-complicated infections. Prevention -Stop deforestation and avoid Jungle travelling. The vector for plasmodium knowlesi is anopheles group of mosquito and the reservoir is long tailed monkeys. In Indian context the vector is present in south and northeast part of India and the reservoir is present in Nicobar Islands. There is possibility of fifth strain of human malariae in India.

Keywords

Plasmodium Knowelsi, Anopheles Leucosphyrus,Long Tailed Macaques
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  • Whether Plasmodium Knowlesi will be a Future Threat for India?

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Authors

J. Jayakumar
Department of Zoology and Advance Biotechnology, Govt Arts College, Nandanam, Madras University, Chennai,, India
J. Venkatachalam
Dept of Community Medicine, PIMS, Pondicherry, India
R. Krishnamurthy
Dept. of Dept. of Zoology and Advance Biotechnology, Govt Arts College, Chennai, India
G. R. Sathya
Dept of Physiology, PIMS, Pondicherry, India
Zile Singh
Dept of Community Medicine, PIMS, Pondicherry, India
Punitha Kumary
Dept of Community Medicine,PIMS,Pondicherry, India

Abstract


Fifth strain of human malaria is plasmodium knowlesi which is mimicking like plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Malariae. It is fatal disease in human which is common in Southeast Asia. The incubation period for P. knowlesi is about 12 days - the shortest known malaria of all the known malarias that infect humans and primates. P knowlesi has a 24 hour asexual cycle and the clinical features are Headache, fever -quotidian, chills and cold sweats, respiratory distress and it extent to renal failure, liver failure. The disease can be treated using already existing anti-malaria therapy such as mefloquine and chloroquine. Chloroquine is specifically preferred for non-complicated infections. Prevention -Stop deforestation and avoid Jungle travelling. The vector for plasmodium knowlesi is anopheles group of mosquito and the reservoir is long tailed monkeys. In Indian context the vector is present in south and northeast part of India and the reservoir is present in Nicobar Islands. There is possibility of fifth strain of human malariae in India.

Keywords


Plasmodium Knowelsi, Anopheles Leucosphyrus,Long Tailed Macaques