Indian Journal of Drugs and Diseases

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

An Endemic Challenge of Dengue - a Crucial Review


Affiliations
1 Surya School of Pharmacy, Vikravandi, Villupuram, Tamilnadu, India
2 Kamalaktchi Pandurangan College of Pharmacy, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India
3 Prist University, Department of Biotechnology, Puducherry Campus, Puducherry, India
 

Dengue fever is a serious threat to global health issues; it leads us to a public health challenge with an economic saddle. Approximately 100 countries are endemic for dengue fever and 40% of the world's population or about 2.5 billion people in the tropical and sub-tropics have an increased risk. It is also known break bone fever, is a selflimited, systematic viral infection transmitted from mosquitoes to humans.. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and with a characteristic skin rashes that is similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome. To the core of this review are ought to discuss about the symptoms, mechanism of the virus in the host, penetration towards our body, characteristic antibody responses, life cycle, various phases involved in the cycle, efficient vector control strategies, pathogenesis, Diagnosis, ongoing therapies, and its management and prevention.

Keywords

Aedes aegypti, Systematic Viral Infection, Denv-1, Denv-2, Denv- 3, and Denv-4, Symptoms, Nonstructural (NS) Enzyme
User
Notifications

  • Barban V, Girerd Y, Mantel M, Aguirre M, Petiard F, Colombani S et al. (2006) Replication and temperature-sensitivity profiles on Vero, Huh-7 and HepG2 cells, of different wild-type compared to either Dengue virus attenuated strains, or chimeric YF viruses presenting Dengue envelope. Abstract: No: 458. 55th ASTMH meeting Atlanta.

  • Dengue Fever (2010) Dengue Fever Symptoms denguefeversymptoms.org. Available:http://www.denguefeversymptoms.org/

  • Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. World Health Organization TDR for research on diseases of proverty, New Edn. 2009.

  • Guidelines for the treatment of dengue Fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever in small hospital (1999) World health organization regional office for South East Asia New delhi.

  • Hanley KA, Vollmer DM and Case TJ (1995) The distribution and prevalence of helminths, coccidia and blood parasites in two competing species of gecko: implications for apparent competition. Oecologia 1995, 102:220-229.

  • Joshua Fink et al. (2007) Host gene expression profiling of dengue virus infectionin cell lines and patients. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. www.plosntds.org. 1(2), e86.

  • Klawikkan N et al. (2011) Effect of Thai medicinal plant extracts against dengue virus in vitro. Mahidol University J. harmaceutical Sci. pp: 13-18.

  • Lindsey NP, Kuhn S, Campbell GL and Hayes EB (2008) Neuroinvasive disease incidence in the United States, 2002–2006. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 8(1), 35-39.

  • Nisar Ahmad et al (2011) Dengue fever treatment with Carica papaya leaves extracts. Asian Pacific J. Tropical Biomedicine. pp: 330-333.

  • Nisar Ahmad et al (2011) Dengue fever treatment with Carica papaya leaves extracts. Asian Pacific J. Tropical Biomedicine. pp: 330-333.

  • Palmer DR, Fernandez S, Bisbing J, Peachman KK, Rao M, Barvir D, Gunther V, Burgess T, Kohno, Y, Padmanabhan R, Sun W (2007) Restricted replication and lysosomal trafficking of yellow fever 17D vaccine virus in human dendritic cells. J. Gen. Virol. 88 (Pt 1), 148-156.

  • Pepin KM and Hanley KA (2008) Density-dependent competitive suppression of sylvatic dengue virus by endemic dengue virus in cultured mosquito cells. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. pp: 69-73.

  • Sadon N, Delers A, Jarman RG, Klungthong C, Nisalak A, Gibbons RV, Vassilev V (2008) A new quantitative RT-PCR method for sensitive detection of dengue virus in serum samples. J. Virol. Methods 153 (1), 1- 6.

  • Samuel CE (2001) Antiviral actions of interferons. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 14 (4), m778–809.

  • Shivendra Kumar and et al. (2012) Molecular herbal inhibitor for dengue virus. Int.J.Med.Arom. Plants. 2(1), 1-21.

  • Shivendra Kumar et al. (2012) Molecular herbal inhibitor for dengue virus. Int.J.Med.Arom. Plants. 2(1), 1-21.

  • Suchitra Nimmannitya (1997) Dengue haemorrhagic fever: diagnosis and management, In: Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever edited by Gubler DJ and Kuno G, Published by CAB International, pp: 133-145.

  • Suchitra Nimmannitya (1997) Management of DF/DHF in WHO Regional Publication No. 22 – Monograph on Dengue/ DHF– pp: 55-61, WHO/SEARO, New Delhi.

  • Suchitra Nimmannitya (1999) Clinical manifestations of DF/DHF in WHO regional publication no. 22 -monograph on dengue/DHF – pp: 48-54, WHO/SEARO, New Delhi.

  • Syarifuddin Idrus et al (2012) Designing cyclopentapeptide inhibitor as potential antiviral drug for dengue virus ns5 methyltransferase. Bioinformation. 8(8), 348-352.

  • Syarifuddin Idrus et al. (2012) Designing cyclopentapeptide inhibitor as potential antiviral drug for dengue virus ns5 methyltransferase. Bioinformation. 8(8), 348-352.

  • Twiddy SS and Holmes EC (2003) The extent of homologous recombination in members of the genus Flavivirus. J. Gen. Virol. 84(2), 429-440.

  • Twiddy SS, Farrar JJ, Chau NV, Wills B, Gould EA, Gritsun T, Lloyd G and Holmes EC (2002) Phylogenetic relationships and differential selection pressures among genotypes of dengue-2 virus. Virology. 298, 63-72.

  • Wati S, Li P, Burrell CJ and Carr JM (2007) Dengue virus (DV) replication in monocyte-derived macrophages is not affected by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and DV infection induces altered responsiveness to TNF-alpha stimulation. J. Virol. 81, 10161-10171.

  • Wati S, Rawlinson SM, Ivanov RA, Dorstyn L, Beard MR, Jans DA, Pitson SM, Burrell CJ, Li P and Carr JM (2011) Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulation of cells with established dengue virus type 2 infection induces cell death that is accompanied by a reduced ability of TNF-{alpha} to activate nuclear factor {kappa} B and reduced sphingosine kinase-1 activity. J. Gen. Virol. 92,807- 818.

  • World Health Organization (2002) Fact sheet No. 117, Geneva: WHO.

  • World Health, Organization, 1997. Dengue Haemorraghic Fever: Diagnosis, treatment prevention and control, 2nd ed. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

  • Zuckerkandl E and Pauling L (1965) Molecules as documents of evolutionary history.J. Theor. Biol. 8, 357-366.


Abstract Views: 681

PDF Views: 456




  • An Endemic Challenge of Dengue - a Crucial Review

Abstract Views: 681  |  PDF Views: 456

Authors

Vaikundam Kannabirran
Surya School of Pharmacy, Vikravandi, Villupuram, Tamilnadu, India
Subramanian Madhu
Kamalaktchi Pandurangan College of Pharmacy, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India
P. Vidhya Priya
Prist University, Department of Biotechnology, Puducherry Campus, Puducherry, India
R. Uthaya
Prist University, Department of Biotechnology, Puducherry Campus, Puducherry, India
Senguttuvan Sivan Mozhi
Prist University, Department of Biotechnology, Puducherry Campus, Puducherry, India

Abstract


Dengue fever is a serious threat to global health issues; it leads us to a public health challenge with an economic saddle. Approximately 100 countries are endemic for dengue fever and 40% of the world's population or about 2.5 billion people in the tropical and sub-tropics have an increased risk. It is also known break bone fever, is a selflimited, systematic viral infection transmitted from mosquitoes to humans.. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and with a characteristic skin rashes that is similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome. To the core of this review are ought to discuss about the symptoms, mechanism of the virus in the host, penetration towards our body, characteristic antibody responses, life cycle, various phases involved in the cycle, efficient vector control strategies, pathogenesis, Diagnosis, ongoing therapies, and its management and prevention.

Keywords


Aedes aegypti, Systematic Viral Infection, Denv-1, Denv-2, Denv- 3, and Denv-4, Symptoms, Nonstructural (NS) Enzyme

References