Solar-assisted Cooling Systems in Green Buildings: An overview

Enormous amount of energy is radiated from the sun. The electromagnetic waves emitted from the sun have three components namely i) ultra visible (UV), ii) visible (visible to human eye) and iii) solar infrared (near). The solar infrared waves transfer its energy in the form of heat to the object/building when it comes in contact with them. This solar energy is used for producing electricity, heating water, and cooling purpose etc. Hence scientists and engineers have focused their attention to invent new technologies for the effective use of solar energy. This paper highlights the use of solar energy in cooling systems. It is estimated that the demand for air-conditioning units has increased from about 25 million units (MU) in 1998 to more than 40 MU in 2006. The above demand has contributed to higher consumption of electricity and consequently to green house gas (GHG) emissions and global warming. This paper narrates the alternate method, of using solar energy for driving cooling systems in green buildings. It has been suggested to create awareness among consumers and engineers to divert their attention towards solar-assisted cooling systems for new invention and mass production with a view to reduce the unit price. The needs to encourage the research in India, especially for inventing affordable, small solar assisting air-conditioning systems in the near future, have also been emphasized. As a case study, the various data available in rural region of Karaikal were collected and analyzed to show the use of sun energy for cooling system for housing are also highlighted.