Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS HAU Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The sheer increase in human population is one of the most serious problems confronting mankind and the best developmental proposition for India is to stabilize its population which is more sociological in nature them technical. The present study was conducted in a multi caste village and a total of 200 respondents were selected to assess the knowledge and attitude of schedule castes families towards small family norms. The respondents from service class and those married at later age were having higher knowledge and favourable attitude towards small family norms. About 60% respondents from labour and farming category had 5-8 family members whereas as 50% of service class and other occupation group had less than 5 members. About 60% of the respondents of up to 17 year of age at marriage were having 5-8 members where as 47.7% respondents of more than 21 years age group were having small family size. It was concluded that occupation level and marriage age of a person had significant influence on his knowledge and attitude towards small family norms. So efforts are needed for higher education and marriage at later age to achieve the aim of small family.

Keywords

Occupation,marriage Age,small Family Norms

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Sunil Kumar ¹, Subhash Chander ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Panchayats have been the backbone of the Indian villages since the beginning of the recorded history. Gandhi's dream of every village being a republic or Panchayats having powers has been translated into reality with the introduction of three-tier system to enlist people's participation in rural reconstruction. 24th April, 1993 was a landmark day in the history of Panchayati Raj in India as on this day the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 came into force to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions. The study was conducted in Haryana state. The sample of 200 women respondents was selected from four villages of Fatehabad district through systematic random sampling techniques. The socio-economic profile of respondents indicates that maximum number of the respondents hailed from young age group, illiterate or less educated. Age and education of the respondents were found highly significantly associated with level of awareness regarding women reservation in panchayati raj.

Keywords

Age, Education, Awareness, Women Reservation and Panchayati Raj Institution.

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Sunil Kumar ¹, Subhash Chander ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, IN

Abstract

Panchayati Raj System is best suited to our rural needs and administration. It is aright step towards devaluation and decentralization of power. It deserves all help and encouragement as it is a truly representative and democratic system. As a fit and effective instrument of self-governance, it is matchless. Now, Panchayati Raj institutions are theremalmost all the lndian States with three tier arrangement at village block and distinct levels. The present study was conducted in Fatehabad district of Haryana. Therefore 200 respondents constituted the sample for the study. The findings indicated that the respondents who were highly exposed to mass-media had high level awareness as compared to those who were less exposed. The maximum numbers of the respondents had low level of social participation. This group of respondents had low awareness than the respondents who belonged to high social participation group. If social participation level of the respondents increases the awareness among respondents also increases.

Keywords

Mass Media Exposure, Social Participation, Awareness, Women Reservation and Panchayati Raj.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The dowry system is a cultural system in India in which the parents of the bride pay a large sum of money, expensive jewellery and other gifts such as car or other household items to the parents of the groom during marriage. The social and cultural efforts of the dowry system are devastating to the society as a whole. Dowry is the result of long standing power in balance between men and women and thus seriously compromises the well being, productivity and contribution of one half the populations. Therefore it was important to bring to light the issues affecting women in this reason. Two hundred women were randomly selected from Karnal and Sirsa districts of Haryana and out of those of 39, who were affected the problem related to dowry in both reasons. It was found that more than half of respondents (51.28%) reported that dowry was demanded before marriage, 30.77% at the time of marriage while 17.95% demanded it after marriage. The maximum numbers of cases regarding dowry demand were made by their husbands (41.03%) in the form of vehicles, cash-money. Jewellery etc. The core reason for dowry was greed like purchase of motor vehicles, business expansion and employment. Customs and ritual were also found as main reason for dowry. Concerted efforts are required to curb violence against women regarding dowry in Haryana.

Keywords

Nature, Extent, Demand, Violence, Problem of Dowry and Socio-Economic Factors.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Savita Vermani ¹, Ashok Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Food security for a country meant sufficient quantity of essential commodities produced, stored properly and made available to all of the people at all times, especially the under privileged sections. The most important medium through which government ensures food security at micro level is the public distribution system (PDS). Indeed, India's PDS is the world's largest social safety net for food. It operates on the basis of extensive procurement of food grains by the Food Corporation of India on minimum support price terms determined by the Agricultural Prices Commission. Procured product is then distributed through an elaborate national network of Fair Price Shops which sell food grains to poor populations at highly subsidized prices. This has the effect of simultaneously supporting, stabilizing and subsidizing farm incomes for food grain production in a small number of net exporting states Punjab, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh generating a net welfare benefit to poor consumers in other parts of the country, who are able to obtain food grains at below-market price. However, in the 1990s, two major changes were introduced to the PDS, these were: The Revised PDS (RPDS) and the Targeted PDS (TPDS). A two-tier card system was introduced in order to represent a distinction between above and below poverty line cardholders. Each household was allocated to one of the following three categories and was accordingly given a PDS card which specified their entitlements for food grain subsidies. These categories were 'Above Poverty Line' (APL), 'Below Poverty Line' (BPL) and 'Antodaya Anna Yojana' (AAY) cards. This paper tries to to analyse the food security condition of the country during the last few decades and the working of PDS with some macro measures. But in India, the working PDS and government policies have not been successful in achieving food security at the desired level. There is a need for certain reforms in procurement and distribution for better functioning of PDS, i.e., decentralization of procurement and distribution, involving panchayats in PDS.

Keywords

Food Security, Food Grain, Food Price, Food Corporation of India and Public Distribution System.

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Sunil Kumar ¹, Subhash Chander ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Panchayati Raj System is best suited to our rural needs and administration. It is a right step towards devaluation and decentralization of power. It deserves all help and encouragement as it is a truly representative and democratic system. As a fit and effective instrument of self-governance, it is matchless. Now, Panchayati Raj institutions are there in almost all the Indian States with three tier arrangement at village, block and district levels. The present study was conducted in Fatehabad district of Haryana. Therefore 200 respondents constituted the sample for the study. The findings indicated that the respondents who were highly exposed to mass-media had high level awareness as compared to those who were less exposed. The maximum numbers of the respondents had low level of social participation. This group of respondents had low awareness than the respondents who belonged to high social participation group. If social participation level of the respondents increases the awareness among respondents also increases.

Keywords

Mass Media Exposure, Social Participation, Awareness, Women Reservation and Panchayati Raj.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agrieultnral University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The Indian agriculture has changed during the past about 50 years mainly due to development of agricultural technologies. Rice is grown in 18 districts of Haryana. Out of which seven districts are in high productivity group. The study was conducted in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. From this district, two blocks namely Thanesar and Pehowa were selected randomly. On the whole a total of 200 rice growing farmers were selected, who were using direct seeded rice method (100) and conventional transplanted rice method (100). The findings regarding knowledge level of respondents about various aspects of direct seeded rice method were studied like recommended seed rate, varieties, fertilizer practices, weeds, insect, pest, disease etc. It was found that sixty per cent respondents had high level of knowledge regarding direct seeded rice method. Awareness were found among farmers regarding direct seeded rice method such as increase the yield than conventional, seed is placed in the most fertile zone of the soili.e. 2-3cmlrom surface and recommended variety is used for sowing: Tarawari, CSR-30, PusaBasmati 1121 to which they reported 1st, 2nd and 3rdranks order.

Keywords

Nature, Extent, Knowledge, Direct Seeded Rice Method, Socio-Economic Factors, Etc.

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Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) cotton is commonly grown in all over the world to control wide range of pests. The farmers benefited from BT cotton through increased yield revenue and gross margin. While the farmer maid savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. The farmers made savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. Farming households used the additional income mostly for investment in people (education)and physical resources (cotton & other crop production). This research paper conducts to assess the impact of Bt. cotton and Desi/non-Bt. cotton on socio-economic status of farmers. The study was conducted among 120 farmers in Bhiwani districts of Haryana State through survey method. The findings of the study elucidate that investment on education of children was reported increased by 83.33 per cent and 66.66 per cent of respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton respectively. Expenditure on social ceremonies was felt increased by 70.83 per cent and 50 per cent of the respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton/hybrids respectively.

Keywords

Bt. Cotton, Pests, Insecticide, Desi/Non-Bt. Cotton, Socio-Economic Status.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agrieultnral University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The dowry system is a cultnral system in India in which the parents of the bride pay a large sum of money, expensive jewellery and other gifts such as car or other household items to the parents of the groom during marriage. The social and cultural efforts of the dowry system are devastating to the society as a whole. Dowry is the result of long standing power in balance between men and women and thus seriously compromises the well being, productivity and contribution of one half the populations. Therefore it was important to bring to light the issues affecting women in this reason. Two hundred women were randomly selected trom Kamal Districts of Haryana and out of those of 21, who were alfected the problem related to dowry in both reasons. Significant association was found between family type, education, size of land holding of family, mass media exposure, social participation and socio-economic status with problem of dowry faced by respondents. Concerted efforts are required to curb violence against women regarding dowry in Haryana.

Keywords

Problem of Dowry, Socio-Economic Factors, Factors Afafecting and Rural Women

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Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Subhash Chander ¹

Affiliations
1 Department o f Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Eve-teasing or sexual harassment of women in public places is one of the most challenging social problems in both rural and urban India which deprives them of basic human rights. The constitution of India has granted equal rights to both men and women but still women face extreme discrimination and violence and thus occupies low status in Society. The study was conducted in Kamal and Sirsa districts of Haryana state. From these districts two blocks namely Indri from Kamal and Bada Gudha from Sirsa district were selected randomly. From the selected blocks, four villages namely Kheri Maan Singh and Jain Pura Sidhana (Indri) and Birn wala, BurjBhangu (Bada Gudha) were drawn randomly. From the selected villages, 200 respondents were also selected randomly. Interview Schedule was prepared to collect the desired information as per objectives of the study. Overwhelming majority (81.39%) remained silent, 55.81% gave verbal threat to accused and 16.27% complained to parents. Likewise, 11.62% each complained to the parents of accused and slapped/hitted the accused. In both regions maximum numbers of respondents remained silent.

Keywords

Eve Teasing, Discrimination, Sexual Harassment, Women, Etc.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Indian agriculture dependent on monsoon which is always flexible. It leads to operating risk in cultivation of different crops. Natural calamities may affect on the yield from agriculture sector. To cover the risk which may occur in future, there is need to some provision and crop insurance is only mechanism available to safeguard against production risk in agriculture. The study was conducted on 160 farmers in Kamal and Kurukshetra districts of Haryana state. It was found from the field of the study that more than one-third of the respondents (37.5%) received amount of Rs. 16000 to 32000 of crop insurance scheme followed by Rs. 12000 to 16000 (23.8) and Rs. 32000 to 70000 (17.5%). Two-third marginal farmers (66.7%) performed social ceremonies by the claimed amount o f crop insurance scheme. It was also suggested that Efforts are needed to make more aware about crop insurance scheme and knowledge should be imparted to them through trainings.

Keywords

Claimed Amount, Crop Insurance Scheme, Socio-Economic Impact Etc.

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