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Vibha,
- Risk Factor Profile for Non Communicable Diseases among Postmenopausal Women in Delhi
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, SIMS, Hapur, U.P., IN
2 Department of Community Medicine, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, U.P., IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, IN
4 Department of Biochemistry, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 158-162Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rapidly on the rise as the world still struggles to cope with infectious and communicable diseases. All countries, irrespective of their stage of economic development, face an increasing burden of NCDs. NCDs including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, obesity and cancers are increasing in alarming proportions.
Objective: To find the magnitude of risk factors of non communicable diseases among postmenopausal women in Delhi
Material and method: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted at Palam, an urbanized village in Delhi. A total 416 postmenopausal women were interviewed, examined and investigated.
Results: The most common risk factors of NCDs among postmenopausal women found in the study were dietary factors, obesity and stress. These women consumed more salt (82.7%) and fats (45.2%), and less vegetable and fruits (64.2%). The magnitude of stress was 53.2% followed by truncal obesity (46.8%) hypertension (39.6%), smoking (17.8%) and diabetes (13.9%).
Conclusions: The burden of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the postmenopausal women in Palam Village is high. Programs related to lifestyle change focusing on the need of postmenopausal women should be framed.
Keywords
Risk Factors, Non Communicable Diseases, Postmenopausal Women
References
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- World Health Organization, Research on the menopause in the 1990s: report of a WHO Scientific Group. 1996; WHO, Geneva (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 866)
- Census of India 2001 and growth rate of Delhi, census 2001. Registrar General of India.
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- Kaur K, Mogra R. Association of Body Mass Index, Body Fat and Hypertension among Postmenopausal Women. J Hum Ecol 2006; 20 (3): 171-5.
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- Ear Problems in Children of an Underprivileged Community of Delhi
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, IN
2 Department of ENT, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 68, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 22-26Abstract
Background: Ear diseases are important health problems among children in India and can result into hearing loss. In 2005, prevalence of deafness was 63 million in India, of which a large percentage was below 14 years. The growing magnitude of these problems made the Government of India initiate a National Programme for prevention and control of Deafness in 2006 but the pace of functioning is still behind the desired level.Objective: The study was done to find out magnitude and pattern of ear problems among school age children in a resettlement colony of Delhi.
Methodology: The study was conducted in Kalyanpuri-a resettlement colony of Delhi. A total of 1398 school children aged (5-14 years) were studied in the year 2011. Study subjects and their parents were interviewed in details regarding ear complaints. All the subjects were also examined clinically. They were also screened for hearing impairment by history and Tuning fork test and subsequently confirmed by pure tone audiometry. The Data was analysed using SPSS version 12.
Results: Out of total 1398 subjects, 744 (53.2%) were boys and 654 (46.8%) girls and 1249 (89.3%) of them were school going. Ear problems were identified in 33.2% subjects. Wax was the commonest problem (23.4%) followed by ear infections (10.0%) and hearing impairment (7.2%). Hearing loss was mostly of mild degree (20-30 dB). Commonest type of hearing loss was found to be conductive in nature.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Health education, routine ear screening in schools and periodic ear screening camps are needed for prevention of ear problems.
Keywords
School Children, Ear Diseases, Hearing Loss, Audiometry.- A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Stress and Blood Pressure among Antenatal Mothers with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension at Selected Hospitals of Punjab
Authors
1 State Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Badal, Sri Muktsar Sahib, Punjab, IN
2 OBG Department, SINPMS, Badal, Sri Muktsar Sahib, Punjab, IN
3 Department of OBG, SINPMS, Badal, Sri Muktsar Sahib, Punjab, IN
Source
International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, Vol 4, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 355-360Abstract
Pregnancy is long and special journey for a woman but it places the health of the mother at risk. Pre-eclampsia is very serious and second leading cause of maternal morbidity. Stress can cause hypertension through repeated blood pressure elevations as well as by stimulation of the nervous system to produce large amount of vasoconstricting hormones. Among different complementary therapies, music therapy is found to be very effective in the recent years. In this study, A Quantitative Quasi Experimental Research Design and Approach was used. Sample was collected by using non-probability purposive sampling technique with sample size of 50. Study was conducted in Guru Gobind Singh Medical college and Hospital, Faridkot and Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar. Music therapy was provided to experimental group for 20 minutes in morning and evening for 2 consecutive days to the antenatal mother with PIH. Structured interview has been used to assess the stress by Modified perceived stress scale. Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope used to measure the blood pressure. In experimental group, values of mean and SD during pre-interventional assessment are 6.04±2.05 and during postinterventional assessment are 3.8±1.38 respectively. In Control group, values of mean±SD during preinterventional assessment are 5.4 and 1.8 and during post-interventional assessment are 5.12±1.81 respectively. In a paired t-test, the experimental group showed significant decrease in level of stress and blood pressure at 0.05 level of significance after two days. According to value of chi square, blood pressure is significantly associated with demographic variable Education and Occupation at 0.05 level of significance.Keywords
Music Therapy, Antenatal Mothers with PIH, Stress and Blood Pressure.- Effect of Foot Reflexology on Post Operative Pain and Sleep Among Post Caesarean Mothers
Authors
1 Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, Gursewa College of Nursing, Panam, Garhshankar, IN
2 Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, State Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Badal, IN
Source
International Journal of Nursing Education and Research, Vol 4, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 441-444Abstract
Caesarean section is one of the common surgeries performed in obstetrics to save the life of mother and her baby. A woman with caesarean section has more problems like longer duration of hospital stay, post-operative pain and insomnia etc. Reflexology is a powerful healiung practice based on the premises that our entire body is mirrored on the feet through a system of reflexes. Foot reflexology is a complementary therapy that has great potential, safe, simple to learn and non-invasive method of management of pain and sleep. Methodology: A Quantitative Quasi experimental non randomized control group research design and approach had been adopted. The study was conducted in Guru Go bind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Civil Hospital, Faridkot and District Hospital, Bathinda. Purposive sampling was used to select 60 samples, 30 in experimental and 30 in control group. Structured interview had been adopted to assess level of pain by numerical rating scale and level of sleep by structured sleep scale of post caesarean mothers. Foot reflexology had been provided to experimental group once a day for 3 consecutive days from 1st post operative day for 15 minutes and control group received routine post operative care. Post interventional assessment had been done on 4th post operative day. Results: Post interventional level of pain was found to be significantly lower in the experimental group (p<0.001) than in the control group. The post interventional level of sleep of an experimental group was found to be improved (p<0.001) compared with pre-intervention. Also, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of the level of pain and sleep (p<0.001).The research hypothesis were accepted which indicates that after receiving foot reflexology therapy, the subjects showed significant pain relief and improved sleep. Conclusion: The findings of the study support the need of implementing foot reflexology to reduce post operative pain and improve sleep among post caesarean mothers. Foot reflexology is a non pharmacological, cost effective and simple intervention without any adverse effects. The results proved that the foot reflexology was effective in reducing the level of post operative pain and improving sleep.Keywords
Foot Reflexology, Pain, Sleep, Post Caesarean Mothers, Caesarean Section, Effectiveness.- Burden of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in Children of an Underprivileged Community of Delhi
Authors
1 Community Medicine, LHMC, Delhi, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 70, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 36-41Abstract
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a major cause of hearing impairment in developing countries and is the commonest cause of persistent mild to moderate hearing loss in children. In India, its prevalence varies from 3-18% in school going children. The disease mostly begins in childhood and is preventable if detected early.
The study was done to find out prevalence of CSOM among children aged 5- 14 years.
The cross sectional study was done in a resettlement colony of East Delhi (Kalyanpuri) in 2011. The systematic random sampling was the method used to select study subjects.
The overall prevalence of CSOM was 3.6% and inversely associated to age. The difference in CSOM among age groups was statistically significant. The association of recurrent upper respiratory tract infection and CSOM was found to be statistically significant. Majority (96%) subjects out of all CSOM cases were cleaning ear canal with unsafe methods and was significantly associated with CSOM.
CSOM among children in the study area is quite high but preventable. A holistic approach incorporating effective health education, better living conditions and provision of primary health care services are advocated to reduce the burden.
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