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Chauhan, Aakriti
- Impact of Land Uses and Seasons on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Surface Water in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh
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1 Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173 230, H. P., IN
1 Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173 230, H. P., IN
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Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 15, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 667-672Abstract
It has been widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the land use type and water quality. Streamwater is affected by several processes in the watershed, including anthropogenic activities that result in changes in the quality of water and its functioning. In year 2012, investigations on impact of land uses on physico-chemical properties of surface water was carried out during different seasons (rainy, winter and summer) in adjoining to Kandaghat block situated between latitude 30°57'994'' N and longitude 77°06'470'' E and 1458 metre above mean sea level in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh. The estimated water quality parameters were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), nitrate (NO3 -), chloride (Cl-), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) from 39 sampling sites under different land uses (agriculture, forest and urban). The experimental data were statistically analysed through Factorial Randomized Design and significance of each treatment was calculated. The maximum pH (7.69), EC (266.39 μS/cm), Ca (66.08 mg/L), temperature (19.25°C), BOD (1.45 mg/L) and COD (18.33 mg/L) of surface water were recorded under urban land use, whereas Mg (12.90 mg/L), Cl- (3.05 mg/L) and NO3 - (4.19 mg/L) were maximum under agricultural land use. Maximum pH (7.79), temperature (22.58°C), BOD (1.71 mg/L), COD (17.41 mg/L), Ca (64.61mg/L), Mg (13.87 mg/L) and Cl- (3.39 mg/L) were recorded during summer season, whereas EC (264.75 μS/cm) and NO3 - (3.91 mg/L) were maximum during rainy season. The water quality index (WQI) for selected land uses ranged between 1.0782 to 1.0919, whereas season wise water quality index (WQI) ranged from 1.0757 to 1.0956, which shows excellent water quality; small variations in water quality indices were seasonal and linked to land use practices.Keywords
Water Quality, Surface Waters, Impact of Land Uses, Solan District.Full Text
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