Informatics Publishing Limited

Anurag Yadav , Kusum Yadav

Abstract

Two dominant ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species viz Cantharellus cibarius and Scleroderma bovista were isolated from respective mushrooms from Nainital hills of Uttarakhand, India. These fungi were extensively studied for three physiological parameters 0 viz temperature, pH and NaCl concentration. Temperature of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, pH of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0 and NaCl concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 was used to find the optimum growth of these ECM fungi. Temperature 0 of 25 C was found optimum for the growth of C. cibarius and S. bovista. Optimum pH was obtained at 5.5 for S. bovista and 5.0 for C. cibarius (at 25°C, optimum temperature). Presence of NaCl in small amounts somewhat enhanced the fungal growth. Concentration of 30 mM NaCl produced maximum mycelial dry wt of S. bovista (173.6 mg) and 40 mM for C. cibarius (58.4 mg) (after 36 days of incubation at 25°C), significantly higher than control (0 mM).

Keywords

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, Physiology, Himalayan Region, Scleroderma bovista, Cantharellus cibarius, Temperature, pH, NaCl

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Anurag Yadav ¹, R. C. Dubey ², Kusum Yadav ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Science & Humanities, S.D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, UP, IN

Abstract

Five bacterial strains namely, Bacillus subtilis MB14, Bacillus sp. MB10, Pseudomonas elongata MB11, P. fluorescens MB9 and Pseudomonas sp. MB1, isolated from banj oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) mycorrhizosphere were tested for their effect on growth of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus Scleroderma bovista in plate and flask experiment. Treatment of P. fluorescens MB9 culture filtrate on S. bovista yielded highest biomass (158.4 mg), as compared to control (94.0 mg). Moderate growth enhancement of ECM fungus was observed by B. subtilis MB14 treatment, while other three isolates moderately decreased S. bovista growth. Reduction in pH of growth medium was also observed. A strong linear regression (R² = 0.925) between ECM fungal biomass and final pH of growth medium was observed.

Keywords

ECM Growth Enhancement, Scleroderma Bovista, Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria, Ectomycorrhizal.

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Harsh Dev ¹, Anurag Yadav ², Suman Kumar Mishra ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, PSIT, Kanpur, U.P, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajashthan, IN
3 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) serves the coder (Programmer or Developer) to objective the complexity of a problem domain by reflecting the problem not as a group of functions that can be excuted but firstly as a set of inter - related, integrated Objects. For better visualization of software system, we use the UML diagrams. This research paper is based on Unified Modeling Language (UML) for an Online Loan System in banking sector. The main objective of this research paper is to provide a real condition of liabilities of customer toward their family, who want the loan from bank. It will help the bank to find the credibility of customer and which reduce the number of defaulter customers. It will also save the processing time and which help the bank to reduce the processing fees involved in loan process. This paper includes the UML Case and Class diagram are also designed for Online Loan System of bank.

Keywords

UML, Case Diagram, Class Diagram, UID, PAN.

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Vyom Mori ¹, Arun Mohanty ², Anurag Yadav ², Aman Makhija ², Bhuwanesh Kandpal ², Arjun Sreekumar ², J. P. S. Sawhney ², R. R. Mantri ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Old Rajinder Nagar, Delhi-110060, IN
2 Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Among all the risk factors for atherosclerosis, diabetes is one that has a direct causal association with it, so it has been a focus in major primary prevention studies. The prediabetic population is considered at the same risk as non-diabetics as per the latest guidelines. By using the Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) which is a predictor of cardiovascular events, in this subset of people authors tried to analyse whether prediabetics can be treated the same as non-diabetics. Methods: Patients undergoing CT coronary angiography with no major epicardial coronary artery obstruction were in-cluded and divided into three subgroups of non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and diabetic. Their CACS were measured and compared for any significance. Results: A total of 300 patients were part of the study with 100 patients in each subgroup. The mean age of the population was 48 years. Lipid profile was significantly deranged in the non-diabetic and pre-diabetic subgroup as they were not on any therapy. CACS was 5.4 ± 37.37, 98.02 ± 300.89, 209.47 ± 277.61 in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and diabetic subgroups respectively. The CACS was much higher in the pre-diabetic subgroup of people missing statistical significance by only a small margin. Conclusion: From this observational study authors conclude that prediabetics are at much higher risk of adverse cardio-vascular events than non-diabetics and so when it comes to primary prevention therapy, they should not be considered in the same risk category as non-diabetics.

Keywords

Primary prevention; risk modifier; atherosclerosis.

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