Informatics Publishing Limited

Santosh Rai ¹, Rashmi Kundapur ², H. N. Harshitha ³, Sudhir Prabhu ⁴, Anusha Rashmi ⁵, Shreyaswi Sathyanath ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Radio diagnosis, Kasturba Medical College (KMC) Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, IN
2 Department of Community Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Deralakatte, IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, K.S.Hegde Medical Academy, Deralakatte, IN
4 Department of Community Medicine, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, IN
5 Department of Community Medicine, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, IN

Abstract

Introduction: According to the 2011 census report, the 0-6 child sex ratio decreased by 5 points registering 947 female children to 1000 male children in Dakshina Kannada district as compared to the 2001 census. Pre-conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of sex selection) Act passed in the year 1994 by Govt. of India was later amended in 2003 with the focus to prevent fetal sex determination.

Objectives: (a) To assess the Knowledge and attitude of PC PNDT Act among the mothers (b) To check association between knowledge, attitude and socio demographic factors

Methodology: A Cross sectional study was conducted in Tertiary Care Hospitals (Medical College) of Dakshina Kannada. Total sample size obtained using prevalence formula was 336. Pretested and validated questionnaire were used for data collection. Knowledge and attitude were graded. +1 was given for the correct answer and -1 for the incorrect answer. Chi-square analysis was done to find the association of the socio-demographic profile with knowledge and attitude towards the PC-PNDT Act

Results: 66.9% had an average knowledge and 70.4% had the good attitude to PC PNDT Act. There was a significant association of occupation, education, religion and annual income with knowledge. The significant association was found between type of family and attitude.

Conclusion: Majority had average Knowledge on PC-PNDT and attitude was found to be good in the majority. There is a need to raise the awareness regarding the consequences of declining child sex ratio.

Keywords

Sex Ratio, Pre-Conception And Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, Coastal Karnataka.

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Anusha Rashmi ¹, Linda Sequeira ¹, Prianka Shashi Kumar ¹, Rashmi ²

Affiliations
1 Community Medicine, AJIMS & RC, IN
2 Community Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

Background: Elderabuse has come to the limelight only since the past decade. WHO estimates that 15.7% of individuals above 60 years undergo abuse in various forms and is proposed to increase in the coming years owing to ageing population in many countries. Hence this study attempts to find out the perception of individuals towards elder abuse.

Method: A qualitative study was done by conducting Focussed group discussions (FGDs) amongst elders and those between 18–60 years of age. The discussion was audio taped and scribed which was then analysed by deductive thematic analysis. The findings have been presented based on the themes that emerged along with verbatim.

Results: The study groups were of the consensus that elder abuse is prevalent in our country. Themes that emerged were: 1) Elders are considered a burden in the society, 2) Sons and daughter in laws abuse elders more, 3) Elderly females are abused more than elderly males. The discussions also revealed a low level of knowledge amongst the groups regarding helplines for elderly/schemes for the elderly in our country.

Conclusion: Elderly abuse though prevalent in our societies lay hidden mostly because complaint registrations of such instances are very few owing to the fact that elders are dependent and are not aware of where and how to seek help.

Keywords

Elderly, Abuse, Deductive Analysis, FGD, Misconception, Qualitative Study.

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Smriti ¹, Anusha Rashmi ², A. Manjula ³, P. V. Kurulkar ⁴, Hemant Kumar ⁵

Affiliations
1 PG Tutor, Community Medicine , AJIMS & RC, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Community Medicine AJIMS & RC, IN
3 Assistant Professor, Community Medicine, AJIMS & RC, IN
4 Professor, Community Medicine, AJIMS & RC., IN
5 HOD, Professor, Community Medicine, AJIMS & RC, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is an “iceberg” disease and is one of the major causes of premature illness and death worldwide. From 108 million in 1980, the number of people living with diabetes has increased to 422 million in 2014. In india it was the 7th biggest cause for early death in 2016. There are many screening tools available to identify the risk for diabetes, of which IDRS tool is one of them.

Objective: To assess risk of diabetes mellitus among selected bank employees using Indian diabetes risk score.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 2 months (February to march 2019) among 205 employees of 4 branches of a selected bank. Data was collected by purposive sampling using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and IDRS scale. Clinical examination and GRBS was carried out. Chi-square test was used as test for association.

Results: Among 205 respondents, IDRS score showed that 61% belonged to high risk category, 25% to moderate risk & 14% belonged to low risk.

Conclusion: Present study showed 61% to be in high risk category for DM; it also revealed significant association between overweight and high IDRS. Age, abdominal obesity in males, family history of diabetes and physical activity were significantly associated with high IDRS. Early screening aids in early diagnosis and treatment which can reduce the burden of DM.

Keywords

IDRS, Diabetes Mellitus, Bank Employee, BMI, GRBS.

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