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A. S. Gill , B. Lal

Abstract

Agroforesty is an inter disciplinary, multi-sector approach of land use. Its prime objective is over all optimization and to protect the environment and maintain the ecological integrity. Agroforestry is primarily the technology of using perennial vegetation in combination with seasonal or perennial field crop, fodder, or other crops of economic value in agriculture. In the developed agroforestry systems, there are three components i.e. the woody perennials, the agricultural crops and the animals. However, in all the agroforestry systems the presence of the tree component is must and it plays the dominant roles-the trees have two major roles-the productive role (fuel, fodder, food, fruit and fertilizer) and the service roles (soil and moisture conservation, wind break, shelter belts, shade, etc.). Trees have established themselves as insurance against natul'al disasters like environmental pollution, floods and droughts. Agroforestry also extends greater- diversity for wildlife and landscape improvement. Development activities of agroforestry leads to control of erosion either through barrier approach or by cover approach, maintenance of soil fertility by way of organic matter maintenance, nitrogen fixation, nutrient cycling and augmentation of nutrient uptake i.e. trees associated mycorrhizal system. However, in depth studies are needed over a range of environmental conditions for improving soil fertility and reducing the dependence on chemical fertilizers. Incorporation of multipurpose tree species with crop can also enhance ground recharge. The paper deals in greater length, the role of agroforestry in control of natural disasters, protection of environment and enhancement of development activities.

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A. S. Gill , B. Lal

Abstract

Land and water are the two most important bioresources which are crucial life supporting elements and hence their management and preservation is of atmost importance. The present paper is an attempt to highlight the recent developments in agroforestry systems for rainfed black soils. Natural vegetation in black soils are dominated by tropical dry deciduous and tropical thorny forests with fairly dense growth of grasses. Hence, these soils are most suited for rainfed agroforestry systems. However, the main concern under rainfed black soils are that the soil remains water logged due to poor sub-soils drainage. Therefore, drainage system should be installed for successful agriculture/agroforestry systems. The technique, to be followed for successful agroforestry in black soils primarily rest over site and soil conditions, species to be selected and its purpose. Management of rainfed black soils including excess water stagnation during the rainy season is the major prevention one has to adopt for successful agroforestry systems. Acacia based agroforestry system is the most dominating practice suitable for rainfed black soils. Teak, Mango, Shisham, Albizias, Neem are few important tree species for the region.

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S. K. Purkayastha , B. Lal

Abstract

The plant remains excavated from the Neolithic site Burzahom (circa 1535 B.C. to circa 2375 B.C.) is Kashmir showed that the "burnt material of ceiling" consisted mostly charred twigs of Parrotiopsis and Prunus. The bark Hakes found in them probably belong to Prunus sp. The plant remains also include a number of samples of deteriorated wood samples of Myricaria sp. which probably date back to 4th century A.D. There is no evidence to support the view that the area abounded in birch (Betula sp.) as the name of the place would indicate.

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Kaberi Acharia ¹, B. Lal ², T. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, IN
2 Centre of Advanced Study in Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP 221005, IN

Abstract

No abstract given

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B. Lal ¹, N. Dubey ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221 005, IN

Abstract

No abstract given

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N. Dubey ¹, B. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology,Banaras Hindu Univ.,Varanasi-221005, IN

Abstract

No abstract given

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V. D. Hegde ¹, B. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

The family Tenebrionidae is the fifth largest family of the order Coleoptera All Gonocephalum species are characteristic elements of open land in different altitudes, but lacking in closed mature forests. They can be found quite often in cultivated land along roads, in bushlands. Gonocephalum species are mostly collected under stones but also under bark of rotten trunks or under cattle excrements where they usually aggregate during daytime (Schawaller, 1997). Except (Hegde, 2012), there is no report on the Tenebrionidae fauna of Karnataka state. The collection of Gonocephalum strangulatum (Fairmaire, 1888) in the arecanut plantation, under the stone from Kadatoka village (North Kanara), Karnataka state constitutes the new record of that species not only from Karnataka state, but also from India.

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B. Lal ¹, V. D. Hegde ¹, K. Chandra ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700 053, IN

Abstract

Chhattisgarh state is located in the central part of India surrounded by 05 states, viz; Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh and occupying an area of about 1,35,000 sq. k. m. A perusal of literature reveals that 103 species of different groups of insects are reported from Chhattisgarh (Ramakrishna et al., 2006). Recent reference (Srivastava, 2014) on Dermaptera of Achanakmar Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve of Chhattisgarh state reveals the record of 05 species only. Hence, an attempt has been made to explore the Dermaptera fauna of this state by studying the collections made during the recent surveys conducted by different survey parties of the Zoological Survey of India.

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V. D. Hegde ¹, B. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, IN

Abstract

The Lagriine genus Bothynogria was named by Borchmann (1915) and 06 species has been described till date. A perusal of literature reveals that three species of Bothynogria namely himalayana Borchmann, 1936, bicolor (Kollar and Redtenbacher, 1848) and meghalayana (Merkl, 1990) were reported from Nilgiri Hills, Tamil Nadu; Sikkim and West Bengal (DarjeelingLebong and Lopchu) and Meghalaya respectively. The occurrence of the 4^th species Bothynogria ruficollis from Uttarakhand state increases the number of Lagriine species in India and extends its distribution from eastwards and southwards to western Himalayan ecosystem.

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V. D. Hegde ¹, B. Lal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700 053, IN

Abstract

This species was so far recorded from montane and sub montane regions in India [Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal (Darjeeling district), Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya and Manipur], Nepal and Bhutan (Srivastava, 1993, 2003).

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B. Lal ¹, V. D. Hegde ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700 053, IN

Abstract

The present study is based on Dermaptera collected by various survey parties of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata during the period from 1922 to 1961 and deposited in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological survey of India, Kolkata. A total of 17 species belonging to 13 genera under 10 subfamilies of 06 families and 03 superfamilies were identified.

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B. Lal ¹, V. D. Hegde ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700 053, IN

Abstract

The present paper is based on the study of a new species of Euborellia Burr, 1909 collected from Nainital district of Uttarakhand state (Western Himalayan Ecosystem). Gangola(1968) has described two new species viz;Euborellia kumaonensis collected from Nainital district and Euborellia askotensis from Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand but on the basis of the description and figures provided in his paper, the fate of the systematic position of these species is uncertain.

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