Informatics Publishing Limited

V.K. Narendira Kumar ¹, B. Srinivasan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, Gobi Arts & Science College (Autonomous), Gobichettipalayam – 638 453, Erode District, Tamil Nadu., IN
2 PG & Research Department of Computer Science, Gobi Arts & Science College (Autonomous), Gobichettipalayam – 638 453, Erode District, Tamil Nadu., IN

Abstract

Electronic passports (e-Passports) have known a wide and fast deployment all around the world since the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) the world has adopted standards whereby passports can store biometric identifiers. The purpose of biometric passports is to prevent the illegal entry of traveler into a specific country and limit the use of counterfeit documents by more accurate identification of an individual. The e-passport, as it is sometimes called, represents a bold initiative in the deployment of two new technologies: Cryptography security and multiple biometrics (face, fingerprints, palm prints and iris). A passport contains the important personal information of holder such as photo, name, date of birth and place, nationality, date of issue, date of expiry, authority and so on. The goal of the adoption of the electronic passport is not only to expedite processing at border crossings, but also to increase security. Important in their own right, e-passports are also the harbinger of a wave of next-generation e-passport: several national governments plan to deploy e-passport integrating cryptography algorithm and multiple biometrics. The paper consider only those passport scenarios whose passport protocols base on public-key cryptography, certificates, and a public key infrastructure without addressing the protocols itself detailed, but this is no strong constraint. Furthermore assume the potential passport applier to use ordinary PCs with Windows or Linux software and an arbitrary connection to the Internet. Technological securities issues are to be found in several dimension, but below paper focus on hardware, software, and infrastructure as some of the most critical issues.

Keywords

Biometrics, E-passport, Internet, Face, Iris, Palmprint And Fingerprint

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B. Srinivasan ¹, S. Arunkumar ², K. Rajesh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, School of Computing, SASTRA University, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Computing, SASTRA University, IN

Abstract

In this paper, we present a new approach for concealing secret message in a digital image by adding three layer securities. In the first layer, the secret image is encrypted by using the famed AES algorithm. In the second layer, we establish a Non-Uniform Block Adaptive Segmentation on Image (NUBASI) algorithm for generating segments of the cover image. This algorithm accept a Key from sender and by using this key, split the cover image into small pieces each with different dimension. In the third layer, a new randomized secret sharing algorithm hide the secret data into the different segments. This algorithm defines 32 different patterns for selecting the segments order to implant the cipher data. This proposed method was implemented and tested for various size cover images and secret messages. The quality of the final stego-image and original image are compared and analyzed through their PSNR values.

Keywords

Cryptography, Image Segmentation, Non-Uniform Block, Randomized Algorithm, Steganography.

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M. B. Parthasarathy ¹, B. Srinivasan ²

Affiliations
1 School of computing, SASTRA University, Tamil Nadu - 613401, IN
2 SASTRA University, Tamil Nadu - 613401, IN

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of the paper is to enhance the security of the images using three different wavelet while transmission of the images. Method: In the Existing system, images are directly encrypted using HAAR wavelet which provides frequency sub bands and they are exchanged in single level deliberately. Hence, it is prone to guess the wavelet and can be applied to detect the process to retrieve the original image. In our proposed work, three different wavelets are used to encrypt the image along with a password. The main advantage of the method is to enhance the security level in encryption process. Result: A password will be assigned to the image a key will be generated through the password using a key generation algorithm. Key is used to select the wavelet mechanism and two levels of frequency sub band exchange process will be carried out to ensure the security of the image. The originality of the image is compared through their PSNR Values. There will be no loss of data in the process is an additional advantage of our proposed work. Conclusion: Thus the original image is retrieved in the process and the method is highly secure for transmitting the image. Only intended users can retrieve the original image by using password.

Keywords

Image Cryptography, Image Encryption, Image Encoding with Key, Image Security, Wavelet Image Encryption

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A. Dhanalakshmi ¹, B. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Computer Science, Gobi Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Gobichettipalayam – 638 453, Erode District, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Biometrics is measurable characteristics specific to an individual. Face detection has diverse applications especially as an identification solution which can meet the crying needs in security areas. While traditionally 2D images of faces have been used, 3D scans that contain both 3D data and registered color are becoming easier to acquire. Before 3D face images can be used to identify an individual, they require some form of initial alignment information, typically based on facial feature locations. We follow this by a discussion of the algorithms performance when constrained to frontal images and an analysis of its performance on a more complex dataset with significant head pose variation using 3D face data for detection provides a promising route to improved performance.

Keywords

Biometrics, Face, Face Sensor, Feature Extraction, Template Matching.

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S. Das ¹, K. Sreeramulu ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, B. Srinivasan ¹, R. S. Shinde ¹

Affiliations
1 Accelerator Magnet Technology Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore -452013, IN

Abstract

Synchrotron users in Indus-2 require stable photon beams for performing various scientific experiments. At the source points of the photons, typical requirement of the beam position stability is ≤ 10 % of the r.m.s size of the electron beam. This stability requirement demands correction of beam orbit disturbances in the range from DC to 100 Hz. The existing slow corrector magnets in Indus-2 are used for correction of very slow disturbances e.g. thermal drift. Therefore a separate set of combined function corrector magnets of high bandwidth were developed for correction of short term perturbations (from low to high frequency up to 100 Hz). These fast corrector magnets have relatively weak kick strengths of ≥ ± 50 μrad at 15 A DC. The magnetic measurements show no appreciable attenuation in the field strength of these magnets up to 200 Hz. The design, development of the fast corrector magnets and the results achieved by using them in the fast orbit feedback system of Indus-2 will be discussed in this paper.

Keywords

Fast Correctors, Synchrotron, Air Core Magnets, Beam Stability, Feedback System.

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K. Sreeramulu ¹, P. K. Kulshreshta ¹, Vanshree Thakur ¹, Kailash Ruwali ¹, Lakshman Singh ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, B. Srinivasan ¹, Anil Kumar Mishra ¹, R. S. Shinde ¹

Affiliations
1 Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore-452013, IN

Abstract

Close type quadrupole magnets for Indus-2 require highly homogeneous magnetic field to focus electron beam. The field uniformity is governed by magnet geometry besides its steel quality. Magnets were developed with improved techniques and optimized for higher order multipole fields. This paper discusses development of magnets with magnetic measurement results.

Keywords

Close-Type Quadrupole, Field Gradient, Multipole Fields, Harmonic Bench.

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