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H. C. Pande , Pushpesh Joshi , Brijesh Kumar , Himanshu Dwivedi

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Brijesh Kumar , H. C. Pande , Himanshu Dwivedi , Ramesh Kumar

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Brijesh Kumar ¹, R. K. Avasthe ¹, S. Babu ¹, R. Singh ¹, P. Pal ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN

Abstract

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Keywords

Potent Tool, Socio-Economic Stability, Nutritional Security

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Ajeet Kumar ¹, C. S. Choudhary ¹, Diwakar Paswan ¹, Brijesh Kumar ², Anjana Arun ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Research Station, Agwanpur, Saharsa (Bihar), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mandan Bharti Agriculture College, Agwanpur, Saharsa (Bihar), IN

Abstract

Phosphorus is the second important key element after nitrogen as a nutrient in terms of quantitative plant requirement. Although phosphorus is abundant in soils (organic and inorganic forms), its availability is restricted as it occurs mostly in insoluble forms. The phosphorus content in soil is about 0.05 per cent (w/w) but only 0.1 per cent of the total phosphorus is available to plant because of poor solubility and its fixation in every type of soil. An adequate supply of phosphorus during early phase of plant development is important for laying down the primordia of plant parts. It plays significant role in ischolar_main ramification, thereby imparting vitality to plant. It also helps in seed formation and in early maturation of crops. Poor availability or deficiency of phosphorus markedly reduces plant size and growth. Phosphorus accounts about 0.2 - 0.8 per cent of the plant dry weight. To satisfy crop requirements, phosphorus is usually added to soil as chemical fertilizer, however, synthesis of chemical fertilizer is highly energy intensive processes, and has long term impacts on the environment in terms of eutrophication, soil fertility depletion, carbon footprint. Moreover, plants use only a small amount of phosphorus, because about 80-90 per cent of added phosphorus is precipitated by metal-cation complexes, and rapidly fixed in soils. Such environmental concerns have led to the search for sustainable way of phosphorus nutrition of crops. In this regards phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms have been seen as best eco-friendly means for phosphorus nutrition of crop. Although, several bacterial (Pseudomonas and Bacilli) and fungal strains (Aspergillus and Penicillium) have been identified as PSM. Their performance under in situ conditions is not reliable and therefore, needs to be improved by using co-inoculation techniques. This review focuses on the diversity of PSM, mechanism of P solubilization, role of various phosphatase, impact of various factors on solubilization, the present and future scenario of their use and potential for application of this knowledge in managing a sustainable agricultural system.

Keywords

Soil Phosphorus, PSM, Solubilization, Biodiversity, Biofertilizers, Siderophores, TCP, Organic Acids.

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Ajeet Kumar ¹, Diwakar Paswan ¹, C. S. Choudhary ¹, Brijesh Kumar ¹, Anjana Arun ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Research Station, Agwanpur, Saharsa (Bihar), IN

Abstract

The paper attempts to explore research findings focusing on the climate change impact on organic agriculture and its impact on climate change through scientific literature review. This review reveals that climate change and agriculture are closely linked and interdependent. Compared to conventional agriculture, organic agriculture is reported to be more efficient and effective both in reducing GHGs (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) emission mainly due to the less use of chemical fertilizers and fossil fuel. Organic agriculture also reported to be climate change resilience farming systems as it promotes the proper management of soil, water and biodiversity by acting as a good options for adaptation to climate change. But, due to lack of proper research, the contribution of organic agriculture for climate change adaptation and mitigation is yet to be known. It is argued that organic agriculture positively contributes to offset negative impacts of climate change, but there is inadequate systematic data to substantiate this fact.

Keywords

Adaptation, Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases Mitigation, Organic Agriculture.

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Amitesh Omar ¹, Brijesh Kumar ¹, Maheswar Gopinathan ¹, Ram Sagar ¹

Affiliations
1 Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital 263 002, IN

Abstract

India's largest 3.6 m aperture optical telescope has been successfully installed in the central Himalayan region at Devasthal, Nainital district, Uttarakhand. The primary mirror of the telescope uses the active optics technology. The back-end instruments, enabling spectroscopic and photometric imaging of the celestial sky are designed and developed by ARIES along with other Indian institutes. The Devasthal optical telescope in synergy with two other highly sensitive telescopes in the country, namely GMRT operating in the radio wavebands and AstroSat operating in the high-energy X-ray, ultraviolet and visual wavebands, will enable Indian astronomers to carry out scientific studies in several challenging areas of astronomy and astrophysics.

Keywords

Active Optics Technology, Celestial Sky, Instrumentation, Optical Astronomy.

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B. S. Kholia ¹, Sachin Sharma ¹, Brijesh Kumar ¹, Vineet Rawat ²

Affiliations
1 Botanical Survey of India, NRC Dehradun - 248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, APRC Itanagar 791 111, IN

Abstract

The symposium on ‘Pteriodological research in India’ was inaugurated by Brig. (retired) B. D. Mishra, the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh. Mishra highlighted the urgent need to explore innovative ways of conservation of nature’s bounty for the welfare of the present and future generations, and called upon researchers to come up with effective and sustainable models of development to mitigate continuous pressure on plants and natural habitats.

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Ram Sagar ¹, Brijesh Kumar ², Amitesh Omar ²

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Sarajapur Road, Koramangala, Bengaluru 560 034, IN
2 Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital 263 001, IN

Abstract

India’s largest 3.6 metre Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) was commissioned in 2016, though the idea of building it germinated way back in 1976. This article provides research accounts as well as glimpses of its nearly four decades of journey. After a decade of site surveys, Devasthal in the central Himalayan region of Kumaon, Uttarkhand was identified. Thereafter, a detailed site characterization was conducted and project approvals were obtained. The telescope is designed to be a technologically advanced optical astronomy instrument. It has been demonstrated to resolve a binary star having angular separation of 0.4 arc-sec. After technical activation of the telescope on 30 March 2016, it has been in regular use for testing various back-end instruments as well as for optical and near-infrared observations of celestial objects. Back-end instruments used for these observations are 4K × 4K CCD IMAGER, faint object imager-cum-spectrograph and TIFR nearinfrared camera-II. A few published science results based on the observations made with the telescope are also presented. Furthermore, routine observations show that for a good fraction of observing time the telescope provides sky images of sub-arc second resolution at optical and nearinfrared wavelengths. This indicates that the extreme care taken in the design and construction of the telescope dome building has been rewarding, since the as-built thermal mass contributes minimally so as not to degrade the natural atmospheric seeing measured at Devasthal about two decades ago during 1997–99 using differential image motion monitor. The overall on-site performance of the telescope is found to be excellent and at par with the performance of other similar telescopes located over the globe.

Keywords

History, Optical Telescope, Optical Observatory, Site Characterization, Sky Performance.

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Brijesh Kumar ¹, Manohar Sajnani ²

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Tourism Management, Government College, Gurugram, Haryana, IN
2 Dean, Institute of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

River tourism in India is just picking up with states such as West Bengal and Kerala, investing money on it because families top the list among travellers who opt for river vacation and it is time to develop tourism on major rivers because a vacation along the rivers promises a soothing and relaxing experience for those who are looking for solitude. A riverside vacation spells exciting water sports, camping, yoga and meditation bonfire and a memorable holiday experience to visitors.

But what an ironical that not a single river of India is free from pollution. River Yamuna is one of the most polluted rivers of the country. According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) pollutants are increasing at an alarming rate in the River water. Only two per cent of the river’s length passes through Delhi, yet the city constitutes around 76% of its pollution load. At least 22 drains empty into the river. River pollution has been causing serious water-borne diseases and health problems affecting human population as well as animals, fish, and birds in the environment.

In order to attract travellers, we have to preserve and sustain our rivers so that we can project India as multi tourism product destination and offer a memorable holiday experience to visitors. A riverside destination would be an ideal bet for backpackers, solo travellers, nature lovers, adventure buffs and people looking for some good time.

So the aim of the research paper is to transform the river and suggests way restoring the rivers and its lost connection with the city by making them accessible to the public, conserve Delhi’s lifeline Yamuna and to promote River oriented Tourism in Delhi.

Keywords

River, Delhi, Pollution, Tourism, Sustain.

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BRIJESH KUMAR ¹, PUNIT PAURUSH ¹, SANJAY K. SHARMA ¹, GAURI S. PRASAD SINGH ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi,, IN

Abstract

Prediction of pillar stability is one of the most critical tasks in underground mining industries. This pillar stability analysis requires many input parameters and some of them are difficult to be determined. Various statistical based analysis is presented in literature for assessing pillar stability successfully. In the present work, the data from three mines had been to determine the factor of safety. A total of 63 pillar cases had been collected from the mines. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Stepwise selection and elimination (SSE) models were developed by using multi variate linear regression (MLR) on 45 data sets and subsequently the proposed models were validated on 18 different data sets. The value of coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.86 and 0.84 for PCA and SSE respectively. The root mean square error for PCA and SSE are found to be 0.112 and 0.123 respectively. On validation of the proposed model developed by PCA and SSE, the PCA model provided a better validation results. Hence, PCA is recommended for modelling pillar stability.

Keywords

Pillar stability, factor of safety, PCA, SSE.

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