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Chairunas ¹, Sjarif Hidajat Effendi ², Sjarif Hidajat Effendi ², Harmas Yazid Yusuf ³, Harmas Yazid Yusuf ³, Eriska Riyanti ⁴, Eriska Riyanti ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, ID
2 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran, University, Bandung, ID
3 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, ID
4 Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, ID

Abstract

The most common facial malformation in all populations and ethnic groups is Cleft lip and palate (CB/L). Various factors cause nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate abnormalities (CB/L NS) such as interactions between environmental and genetic factors, so that CB/L embryopathy is not clear. Deficiency of Zn with certain severity in pregnant women can be a risk factor for CB/L. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of polymorphism of rs7526700, rs2278651, and rs611386 of the gene SCL30A1 mother with a group of deficiency events of Zinc maternal. The type of this research is an observational study through cross sectional approach with the research subjects are mothers and newborns diagnosed with CB/L NS in the Perinatology Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung and other Network Hospitals. The research was conducted in September 2016 to June 2017 with 34 groups samples. Data were analyzed using fisher’s exact test and correlation test. The results showed that the majority of mothers who became the research respondents aged 25-29 years were 34% and the majority of infants who became the respondents were female as much as 60%, and most types of lip and palate disorders experienced by infants who became the respondents was Unilateral CB/L which is as much as 66%. Furthermore, the results of statistical tests indicated that there was no significant relationship between polymorphism of rs7526700, rs2278651, and rs611386 SLC30A1 maternal gene with levels of Zinc maternal.

Keywords

Polymorphism, rs7526700, rs2278651, rs611386, SLC30A1, Zinc, Mother.

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Chairunas ¹, Sjarif Hidajat Effendi ², Harmas Yazid Yusuf ³, Eriska Riyanti ³, Rachmad Suhanda ⁴, Nurhasmadiar Nandini ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Jl. Teuku Nyak Arief, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh, ID
2 Department of Pediatrics, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Jl. Profesor Eryckman No. 38, Bandung 40161, ID
3 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, ID
4 Division of Public Health & Community Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, ID
5 Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 1269, ID

Abstract

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate is a common face malformation of all ethnic in population and one of factors caused it was nutritional deficiency. Micronutrient deficiency which mostly occurred in developing countries were Zinc (Zn) and folate acid deficiency. The deficiency of Zn serum in pregnant women was suspected in increasing the complication risk during pregnancy and the deformity risk of non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between mother’s zinc level and their babies which suffered with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate, also to determine the median of zinc level among mothers and babies between group of cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip & palate. This was observational and analytical study with cross-sectional design. The participants were 35 babies with Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate and their mother attended the unit of perinatology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung and network hospitals during September 2016-June 2017. The study used consecutive sampling to measured zinc level with ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer) method. The result showed the mean of zinc level among mothers was higher than the babies. The test showed significant correlation (p=0.04 or p<0.05) with the correlation coefficient r=0.35 with term of moderate correlation. There was no difference in median of zinc level among mothers and babies between group of cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip & palate. It concluded that there was moderate correlation between zinc level between mothers and babies with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate.

Keywords

Baby, Non-syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate, Zinc Level, Mother, Deficiency.

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