Informatics Publishing Limited

C. Venkatesh ¹, Fahimuddin Shaik ¹, Ghouse Mohammed Imran ², T. Haneesh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 AITS, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Image segmentation is an important process to extract information from complex medical images. Segmentation has wide application in medical field. The main objective of image segmentation is to partition an image into mutually exclusive and exhausted regions such that each region of interest is spatially contiguous and the pixels within the region are homogeneous with respect to a predefined criterion. Widely used homogeneity criteria include values of intensity, texture, color, range, surface normal and surface curvatures. During the past, many researchers in the field of medical imaging and soft computing have made significant survey in the field of image segmentation. Several diagnostics are based proper segmentation of the digitized image. Segmentation of medical images is needed for applications involving estimation of the boundary of an object, classification of tissue abnormalities, shape analysis, contour detection. In particular Fuzzy-Neuro logic segmentation algorithm is used to provide satisfactory results compared to K-means, Fuzzy C-Means, Neural Network and Fuzzy logic. This paper aims to develop an improved method of segmentation using Fuzzy-Neuro logic to detect various tissues like white matter, gray matter; cerebral spinal fluid and tumor for a given magnetic resonance image data set. In particular Fuzzy-Neuro logic segmentation algorithm is used to provide satisfactory results compared to K-means, Fuzzy C-Means, Neural Network and Fuzzy logic.

Keywords

Fuzzy-Neuro Logic, Segmentation, Neural Network, K-Means, Fuzzy C-Means.

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M. Venkata Dasu ¹, V. R. Anitha ², Fahimuddin Shaik ³, B. Abdul Rahim ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of ECE, Sri Vidya Nikethan Engineering College, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology &sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Today we see rapid advancement in the field of Digital image processing and various enhancement techniques have been proposed for the extraction of details in color images. Decorrelation stretching is a method utilized to enhance the color component separation of an image with significant band-band correlation. It is also used as a data visualization tool for improving visual interpretation and make feature discrimination easier. It puts emphasis on high degree of scene variations. The net effect of the process is to obtain an output image whose pixels are well distributed among all possible colors, while preserving the relative sense of hue, saturation, and intensity. By performing linear contrast stretch on the obtained image will enhance the color ranges of the image. For further investigation, the color scatter plot of the image are obtained, which shows how the bands are decorrelated and equalized. The main objective of this paper is to obtain the color separation of images with the help of decorrelation stretching, linear contrast stretch and the color scatter plot of satellite images to investigate the area of vegetation, rock and water content.

Keywords

Decorrelation Stretching, Histogram, Karhunen-Loeve Transformation, Color Scatter Plot.

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J. Damodhar ¹, D. Sathyanarayana ², Fahimuddin Shaik ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of ECE, RGMEC, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The early detection of cancer can be helpful in curing the disease completely. An early diagnosis of cancer can increase the chance of patient‟s survival from an average of 14% up to 49%. So the requirement of techniques to detect the occurrence of cancer nodule in early stage is increasing. There are different techniques existing but none of those provide better accuracy of detection. This paper provides a Computer Aided Diagnosis System (CAD) for early detection of lung cancer nodules from the Chest Computer Tomography (CT) images. This work represents a computer assisted diagnosis system of lung nodules with the help of two models, the extraction of lung parts can be achieved through the super imposition of input image with the lungs cropped image through Hand free cropping algorithm and then the enhancement of image is achieved by one of the contrast stretching techniques called CLAHE. The statistical values are calculated using MIPAV software.

Keywords

Lung Cancer, Computer Aided Diagnosis, Image Contract, CLAHE, Hand Free Cropping.

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V. Pani Kumar ¹, Fahimuddin Shaik ², M. N. Giri Prasad ³, B. Abdul Rahim ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, IN
2 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 JNT University CE, Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Acute leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells or blasts play important role for hematologists in their diagnostic process. The acute leukemia is divided into acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), depending on whether specific white blood cells called lymphocytes (or myelocytes), are involved. Leukemia images from looking at a sample of patient blood, can determine the abnormal levels of white blood cells, to process a acute leukemia images so that the result is more suitable than the original image for a medical application. However, there are blurriness and effects of unwanted noise on blood leukemia images that sometimes result in false diagnosis. To over come this problem image pre-processing such as image enhancement techniques are needed. The results show that the global contrast stretching is the best technique that helps to improve the image quality.

Keywords

Image Enhancement, Contrast Stretching, Local Contrast, Global Contrast, Partial Contrast, Bright Contrast, Dark Contrast, Acute Leukemia.

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B. Narendra ¹, B. Abdul Rahim ², Fahimuddin Shaik ², K. Jayasree ¹

Affiliations
1 Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajampet, Kadapa, A.P, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajampet, Kadapa, A.P, IN

Abstract

The Reconstruction in Image processing is oriented towards modeling the degradation and applying the inverse process in order to recover the original image. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and spectroscopy provide a number of practical applications for both clinical and scientific purposes. To obtain good quality images with Magnetic Resonance (MR), it is necessary to have good spatial homogeneity in the Bo field for the region of imaging. Field homogeneity is difficult to achieve, particularly for short bore magnets and higher fields. There are several post-processing techniques adopted for correcting the distortions. But these are not gives the theoretical background. The proposed technique FRFT for reconstructing the MR signal acquired under the presence of quadratic fields. The FRFT provides a precise theoretical framework to understand the distortions and to reconstruct MR data.

Keywords

Fractional Fourier Transform Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Quadratic Fields, Image Degradation, Image Reconstruction, Time-Frequency Domain.

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Fahimuddin Shaik ¹, Anil Kumar Sharma ², Syed Musthak Ahmed ³, Vinit Kumar Gunjan ⁴, Chandra Naik ⁵

Affiliations
1 Electronics and Communication Engineering, SunRise University-Alwar, Alwar – 301026, Rajasthan, IN
2 Institute of Engineering and Technology, SunRise University-Alwar, Alwar – 301026, Rajasthan, IN
3 Department of ECE, SREC, Warangal - 506371, Telangana State, IN
4 Department of CSE, AITS, Rajampet - 516126, Andhra Pradesh, IN
5 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet - 516126, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Currently, Image processing techniques are captivating a noteworthy part in order to get to the bottom of a range of medical Imaging problems. Retinal problems have become very common ailments in Diabetic patients and are the cause for visual morbidity. The methodology used here involves the application Hybrid Morphological Reconstruction procedure With Watershed Segmentation method to yield outputs. The outcomes from the proposed method are the processed images related to Diabetic Retinopathy, interpreted to give an analysis based on the clinical concepts. The main significance and improvement with the proposed method is the examining the image processing techniques (enhancement and segmentation) on Diabetic Retinopathy images that can improve the quality of life.

Keywords

Analysis, Diabetic Retinopathy, Exudates, Improved, Image.

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Vinit Kumar Gunjan ¹, Fahimuddin Shaik ², Allam Appa Rao ³, Amita Kashyap ⁴, Jagan Mohan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, New Boyanapalli, Rajampet–516126, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, New Boyanapalli, Rajampet–516126, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 C. R. Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science (AIMSCS),University of Hyderabad Campus, Central University Post Office, Hyderabad – 500 046, Telangana, IN
4 Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, Hyderabad, Telangana State, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes is a major public health problem and mainly affects the eyes, the kidney and the foot. This work focuses on diabetic foot to device new strategies for early diagnosis of diabetic foot in hospitals from the analysis of thermal images. Method/Statistical Analysis: In the presence of a triggering factor, it may lead to ulceration and subsequent amputation. In many cases, development of diabetic foot disorders can be avoided or substantially delayed with adequate treatments that are provided at an early stage. Most of the people who are with Diabetes have some form of nerve damage. Apart from this Hyperthermia it is also a challenging issue in diabetes correlated to foot these days. A new algorithm called Global Region Based Chan-vese Algorithm is proposed to analyze the underlying problems present in acquired images. Findings: A pre-processing technique as well as a post-processing technique of image processing methods will be used for the development of the frame work which will be useful for easy analysis and as well as an education tool for layman. Improvements/Applications: In this approach The segmentation boundary is represented implicitly with a level set function, but in previously employed methods the initial curve can be placed anywhere in the image.

Keywords

Diabetes, Enhancement, Foot Ulcer, Hyperthermia, Segmentation.

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