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R. Malathi ¹, G. Melchias ², S. Chandrasekar ¹, A. Cholarajan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University College, Perambalur-621 212, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph College, Trichy –620 002, IN
3 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Chandrasekaran College of Arts and Science, Pattukkottai – 614 626, Tamilnadu,, IN

Abstract

The role of aluminium and phosphorus on the secretion of acid phosphatase in the callus culture of Brassia juncea was studied. Callus culture derived from leaves of mustard (Brassica juncea) plants. Proliferated calluses were subjected to P-deficient as well as P-sufficient conditions in the presence and absence of aluminium. The 10 days old calluses were harvested and so the culture medium in which they were cultured, for analysis of acid phosphatase, protein and amino acid content.

Keywords

Tissue Culture, Brassica juncea, Callus.

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S. Sathish Kumar ¹, G. Melchias ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Trichy-2, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale. It involves the production, manipulation and use of materials ranging in size from less than a micron to that of individual atoms from not only chemical approaches but also biological materials. Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized from AgNo3 through a simple green and natural route using the aqueous extract of shade dried leaves of Euphorbia hirta (L). Nano particle synthesis is proved under UVVis absorption spectroscopy. By using plant extract, silver nano particles synthesized which are quite stable and no visible changes are observed even after a month or so, if the nanoparticle solutions are kept in light proof condition. As nanoparticles have great application in medical world like gene therapy, cancer therapy, drug delivery etc. So medical world also easily accept the plant world for nanoparticle synthesis and welcome the higher plants for their potentiality of synthesis of non polluted, environmentally acceptable, safety for human health nanoparticles. Physical evolutions by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) were used to differentiate the Ag nanoparticles shape and structures. FESEM image divulges that silver nanoparticles are quite poly dispersed, the size ranging from 5.1642d.nm to 98.65d.nm measured by Diffuse Light Scattering (DLS) method. That is smaller than the nanometer. To that the plant E. hirta having the silver nanoparticles in the globular in shape .The move towards extracellular synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using dried biomass appears to be cost effective, ecological to that of conservative methods of green nanoparticles synthesis.

Keywords

Nanotechnology, Euphorbia hirta, Silver Nanoparticles.

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S. Sathish Kumar ¹, G. Melchias ¹, P. Ravikumar ², R. Chandrasekar ³, P. Kumaravel ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Biotechnology, Vysya College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Development of reliable green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by various plants and microorganisms has been reported in many research aspects. However, the probable of plants as natural materials for the synthesis of nanoparticles and their compatibility to biological systems is yet to be fully explored. In this study, we report a simple green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) leaves extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. After exposing the silver ions to E. hirta leaves extract, rapid reduction of silver ions is observed leading to the formation of silver nanoparticles in solution. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Particle size analysis. The synthesized silver nanoparticles show maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholera and Salmonella typhi.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, E. hirta, Antimicrobial Activity.

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P. Kumaravel ¹, G. Melchias ², N. Vasanth ², T. Manivasagam ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Pregnant rats were administered by either sodium valproate (VPA) with 250 mg/kg during fetal neural tube development on embryonic day 12, induces neural tube defects and impairment in behaviors related to autistic spectrum disorder in newborns, which make it a useful animal model of autism. Male rat pups were subjected to behavioral testing to assess exploratory activity, peripheral and central movements and motor activity like grooming and rearing on postnatal day 90. We investigated the role of EGCG (2mg/kg) in reversing cardinal behavioral changes induced by VPA exposed rats. Consumption of EGCG has been associated with neuronal protection against the impact of toxicants. EGCG exerts neuronal cytoprotective action possibly due to antioxidant action and neuroprotective effect could be efficacious in the management of autism.

Keywords

Autism, VPA, EGCG, Behavior.

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