Informatics Publishing Limited

M. Sampathkumar ¹, G. Ravi ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Entomology, AC&RI, Killikulam, Tamil Nadu 628252, IN

Abstract

The egg parasitoids Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Telenomus dignus (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) are key biotic factors that regulate stem borer population. Augmentation and conservation of these parasitoids is an essential component of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies for stem borers. Similarly, use of sex pheromone technology either by monitoring or mass trapping is also gaining momentum in managing rice stem borers. The synergistic effect of indigenous blends of sex pheromone (YSB and YSB-PSB) on the behaviour of egg parasitoids of stem borer was studied through olfactometer assay. Among the three egg parasitoids tested T. dignus exhibited greater response for a longer period, to its host YSB sex pheromone compound (Z)-11 hexadecenal + (Z)-9 hexadecenal at 0.5 μl treatment dose with an attraction index (AI) per cent of 19.36 followed by T. japonicum (10.76) and T. shoenobii (6.35). The treatment doses at 1.0 and 2.0 μl resulted in lesser orientation. Similarly, for individual compound, (Z)-11 hexadecenal had elicited little attraction to all parasitoids studied. The YSB-PSB sex pheromone compound comprising (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenol, (Z)-11- hexadecenyl acetate, and (Z)-9-hexadecenal, irrespective of treatment doses and parasitoid species, resulted in lesser or poor attraction. Results revealed that host synthetic YSB pheromone at lower concentration attracted and retained egg parasitoids for a longer period and elicited as a synomone and kairomone kind of source.

Keywords

Olfactometer, Parasitoids, Pheromone, Telenomus dignus, Tetrastichus schoenobii, Trichogramma japonicum.

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N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, G. Ravi ², Deepa Bhagat ¹, P. L. Tandon ¹

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
2 Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai 612 101, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere is an efficient egg parasitoid on rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker). The electrophysiological response of females of T. schoenobii to the extracts of plants collected from rice fields was studied under laboratory conditions. The highest response was noticed to the host plant of the pest, S. incertulas and honey solution. Response was also noticed to the flowers of Hyptis suaveolens, a common weed in rice fields, mostly by female parasitoids to the flowers of the non-crop vegetation.

Keywords

Tetrastichus schoenobii, Scirpophaga incertulas, Electrophysiology, Hyptis suaveolens.

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B. Mahesh Kumar ¹, G. Ravi ¹, R. Chakrabarti ²

Affiliations
1 Electrical & Electronics Engg. Dept., Pondicherry Engg. College, Pondicherry, IN
2 Electrical Engg. Dept., Jadavpur University, Kolkata, IN

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel speed control scheme of the Induction Motor (IM) using Fuzzy-Logic Controller (FLC). The Fuzzy-Logic Controller is applied through indirect vector control technique on induction motor. The complete indirect vector control scheme incorporating the FLC is simulated using MATLAB for 5-hp three phase squirrel-cage IM. The performances of the proposed FLC-based IM drive are investigated and compared to those obtained from the conventional Proportional-Integral (PI) controller-based drive at different dynamic operating conditions such as change in speed, load, and variable stator and rotor resistance. The comparative results show that the FLC is more robust and hence, more suitable for replacing the conventional PI controller under any operating conditions.

Keywords

Fuzzy Logic Controller, PI Controller, Induction Motor, Stator and Rotor Resistance.

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G. Ravi ¹, N. Vishal Gupta ¹, V. Balamuralidhara ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, JSS Medical Institutions Campus, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, Rivastigmine Tartrate incorporated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) films were made to enhance its uptake to brain via systemic circulation. SLN were prepared by modified emulsification diffusion method and SLN’s loaded transdermal films were prepared by solvent casting method. The optimized Rivastigmine Tartrate SLN loaded formulation was evaluated for pharmacokinetic study and dermal toxicity study. In vivo studies were performed on New Zealand white rabbits and various pharmacokinetic and dermal toxicity parameters were determined. The pharmacokinetic parameters after administration of Rivastigmine Tartrate loaded SLN film were found to be, T_max 3 h, C_max 116.17 ± 1.5 ng/mL, AUC_{0 - ∞} 1848.29±4.87 ng.h/mL, and K_e 0.18 ± 0.028 h^-1. The dermal toxicity study was carried out for 3 min, 1 h and 4 h respectively with optimized film and no skin irritation or redness was found. The results highlights that the prepared formulation of SLN loaded films were able to deliver a sustained supply of the Rivastigmine Tartrate.

Keywords

Rivastigmine Tartrate, SLN, Pharmacokinetic Study.

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P. Nagaraju ¹, Labani Ray ¹, G. Ravi ¹, Vyasulu V. Akkiraju ¹, Sukanta Roy ¹

Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad - 500 606, IN

Abstract

Heat flow has been determined by combining temperature measurements in 7 boreholes with thermal conductivity measurements in the Upper Vindhyan sedimentary rocks of Shivpuri area, central India. The boreholes are distributed at 5 sites within an area of 15 × 10 km²; their depths range from 174 to 268 m. Geothermal gradients estimated from borehole temperature profiles vary from 8.0-12.7 mK m^-1 in the sandstone-rich formations to 25.5-27.5 mK m^-1 in the shale-rich formations, consistent with the contrast in thermal conductivities of the two rock types. Heat flow in the area ranges between 45 and 61 mW m^-2, with a mean of 52±6 mW m^-2. The heat flow values are similar to the >50 mW m^-2 heat flow observed in other parts of the northern Indian shield. The heat flow determinations represent the steady-state heat flow because, the thermal transients associated with the initial rifting, convergence and sedimentation in the basin as well as the more recent Deccan volcanism that affected the region to the south of the basin would have decayed, and therefore, the heat flow is in equilibrium with the radiogenic heat production of the crust and the heat flow from the mantle. The present study reports the heat flow measurements from the western part of the Vindhyan basin and provides heat flow information for the Bundhelkhand craton for the first time. Radioelement (Th, U and K) abundances have been measured both in the sedimentary rocks exposed in the area as well as in the underlying basement granite-gneiss of Bundelkhand massif exposed in the adjacent area. Radioactive heat production, estimated from those abundances, indicate mean values of 0.3 μW m^-3 for sandstone with inter-bands of shale and siltstone, 0.25 μW m^-3 for sandstone with inter-bands siltstone, 0.6 μW m^-3 for quartzose sandstone, and 2.7 μW m^-3 for the basement granitoids. With a total sedimentary thickness not exceeding a few hundred metres in the area, the heat production of the sedimentary cover would be insignificant. The radioactive heat contribution from the basement granitoids in the upper crust is expected to be large, and together with the heat flow component from the mantle, would control the crustal thermal structure in the region.

Keywords

Heat Flow, Geothermal Gradient, Thermal Conductivity, Vindhyan Basin, Central India.

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S. Vimalnath ¹, G. Ravi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Paavai Engineering College, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sona College of Technology, IN

Abstract

This paper designed a novel method to overcome the problem of the lung nodule overlapping adjacent structures. We developed a lobe segmentation algorithm for identifying lung lobes CT images. To find reliable method for nodule detection is an important problem in medicine. It requires efficient automatic method to perform segmentation and detection. The identification of tumor region involves extraction of lobar fissures from the input CT images which makes use of two phases. In the first phase the fracture region is identified. In the second phase the found fissure are extracted. There is some nodule-like object in testing data detected by algorithm and not included in ground truth information. These are probably nodules missed by human. We designed a novel method to overcome the problem of the lung nodule overlapping adjacent structures. The result Obtained show that the proposed work can help the surgeons to identify the lobar fissures correctly to locate the lung region before they plan for the surgery. It reduces the computation time and complexity. Our system was developed with Faculty Hospital, Motol and Prague and in future should be used there. In order to improve the performance of the proposed approaches some future enhancements could be necessary in the present research work.

Keywords

CT Image, Lung Nodule, Classification, ANN.

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S. Vimalnath ¹, G. Ravi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Paavai Engineering College, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sona College of Technology, IN

Abstract

In a wireless sensor network, a sensor node is severely constrained in terms of communication bandwidth, computation capability and energy reserves. To reduce energy consumption and the amount of communication, many systems also perform in-network data aggregation. A resilient aggregation framework called synopsis diffusion approach which combines multipath routing schemes with duplicate-insensitive algorithms to accurately compute aggregates, such as Count and Sum in spite of message losses resulting from node and transmission failures. Consequently, these systems are vulnerable to wide variety of attacks. In particular we consider two major attacks called false sub aggregate and wormhole attack. In this paper, the synopsis diffusion approach secure against attacks was provide by designing a novel light weight verification algorithm which can be used by the base station to determine the attacks and also the falsified value. The performance was evaluated via both analysis and extensive simulation study which shows that our verification algorithm outperforms other existing approaches.

Keywords

Light Weight Verification, WSN, Synopsis Diffusion.

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