Informatics Publishing Limited

K. V. S. Bhakthavatsalam ¹, S. M. Mundinamani ², D. J. Rani ³, Gayathri Mohan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Division of Dairy, Economics, Statistics and Management, ICAR National Dairy Research Institute, Southern Regional Station, BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, DHARWAD (KARNATAKA), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Bantumilli, KRISHNA (A.P.), IN
4 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences (G.K.V.K.), BENGALURU (KARNATAKA), IN

Abstract

The research study aims to investigate the comparison between On-Farm Demonstrations (OFD) and traditional method (farmers' fields) of paddy cultivation with special reference to socio-economic characteristic features, cropping pattern and cost and returns in Dharwad district of Karnataka state. Both primary and secondary data were used. The findings revealed that the average age of the farmers growing paddy in traditional method was around 45 years whereas in the case of OFD it was around 42 years. The average family size of the traditional paddy farmers was six members while OFD farmers it was five members. Further, the findings related to land holdings, the average land holding of traditional paddy farmers (1.93 ha)was less when compared to OFD paddy farmers (2.72 ha). However, the major crops grown during Kharif by the sample farmers were paddy and maize. It was also noticed that the cropping intensity was marginally high on the farms of OFD paddy farmers (194.48%) when compared to traditional paddy farmers (164.76%). The findings related to input utilization pattern in the study area conveys that among various inputs used in paddy cultivation, the OFD farmers used more of human labour, machine labour and organic manures, whereas traditional farmers used more of seeds, bullock labour and chemical fertilizers. The findings of cost and returns reveals that the gross returns and net returns of OFD farmers were observed to be higher (Rs. 55018 and Rs. 24953.47) when compared to traditional farmers (Rs. 43638.50 and Rs. 11193.40), respectively. Hence, the study suggests that this kind of technology should be disseminated through Krishi Vignana Kendra (KVKs) and appropriate extension methods of communication among farming community in order to get benefited from this promising technology especial for small and marginal farmers to earn better returns within available resources in the farm.

Keywords

Farm Demonstration, Paddy, Field, Dharwad.

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K. S. Shilpa ¹, J. S. Minimol ¹, B. Suma ¹, Gayathri Mohan ¹

Affiliations
1 Cocoa Research Centre, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur (Kerala), IN

Abstract

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a potent source of polyphenol. There are reports that polyphenol and antioxidant activity is positively correlated. The present study investigated the total fat content, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of cocoa beans obtained from twenty different cocoa hybrids. Folin – Ciocalteau (FC) reagent method was used to determine total polyphenol content in cocoa beans. Antioxidant activity was expressed as per cent radical scavenging activity and it was found out using DppH assay. Hybrid PIV 45.4 was found to be superior with respect to polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. Correlation studies revealed that total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity is positively correlated (r=0.613).

Keywords

Cocoa, Theobroma cacao L., Hybrids, Polyphenol Content, Radical Scavenging Activity, Correlation.

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