Informatics Publishing Limited

Hindustan Abdul Ahad ¹, Haranath Chinthaginjala ¹, Bhavani Haribabu Sai Dharani ¹, Momin Umaira Ayisha ¹, Chukkaluri Anu Reddy ¹, Gandhodi Chandra Manasa ¹, Nandini Nandini ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) - Autonomous, Ananthapuramu – 515721, Andhra Pradesh,, IN

Abstract

COVID-19 is a respiratory tract infection caused by a novel corona virus strain. Mild manifestations widely observed are flu-like symptoms, fever, malaise, and fatigue. Left untreated, this results in disease progression manifested by chest pain, dyspnoea, chest tightness, and death of the patients. COVID-19 has spread to every part of the world due to lack of specific treatment strategies regarding Corona Virus disease, treated symptomatically and an emergency call for vaccine development was initiated globally. In accordance, preventive measures were taken to control the spread of the corona virus. They include the implementation of the use of face masks, hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, social distancing, lockdown, curfew, closing educational institutes, closing borders, awareness programmes, safety programmes, and advancements in the medical field. High risk groups were handled sensitively to head off the COVID-19 incident. Patients with psychological distress during lockdown were supported psychologically, airlines closed to prevent entry of new cases, and all passengers were screened and quarantined to prevent the spread of the disease. Due to the implementation of the lock down, almost all businesses, small-scale industries, and travel agencies were closed temporarily, leading to an economic crisis globally. Many countries with tourist spots were closed resulted in a lack of financial support in those countries. In that regard, many organisations have come forward to provide financial support. This review mainly focuses on the preventive strategies implemented by each country, their contingency plans, and financial measures assisted by various organisations to prevent the spread directly or indirectly.

Keywords

COVID-19, Measures, Pandemic, Prevention, Spread

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Yarragunta Roja ¹, Hindustan Abdul Ahad ¹, Haranath Chinthaginjala ¹, Maninjeri Soumya ¹, Sana Muskan ¹, Nagaraju gari Kavyasree ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) - Autonomous, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh,, IN

Abstract

The present article concentrates on the Buccal film. It is a buccoadhesive drug delivery system that enhances the safety, efficacy, and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The buccal film is a novel technology due to its better option to optimize therapeutic efficacy. This drug delivery system is suitable for drugs that pass through high first-pass metabolism and are used for enhancing bioavailability. The buccal film can be formulated as a solvent casting, semi-solid casting, hot-melt extrusion, solid dispersion, or rolling method. Among them, the solvent casting method is mostly adopted. The buccal films are evaluated for mechanical properties viz., Organoleptic assessment, thickness, dryness, tack test, tensile strength, percent elongation, folding endurance, swelling assets, surface pH, contact angle, transparency, uniformity in drug content, disintegration, and in-vitro dissolution tests. The article gave a handful of literature on past work done on buccal films. This article helps with quick references to the earlier attempts so far made on buccal films.

Keywords

Buccal, Bioavailability, Film, Literature, Patient convenience.

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Hindustan Abdul Ahad ¹, Haranath Chinthaginjala ¹, Nagarajugari Kavyasree ¹, Jyothi Vinay Krishna ¹, Sushma Papireddypalli ¹, Kotlo Saijyoshna ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) - Autonomous, K.R. Palli Cross, Chiyyedu (P), Ananthapuramu - 515721, AP,, IN

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate previous research on fast-acting pills. Fast dissolving tablets (FDTs) have become a rapidly emerging field in the pharmaceutical business over the last ten years. For the administration of many medications, oral drug delivery remains the recommended method. Scientists have developed FDTs with increased patient compliance and convenience during insertion into the mouth because of recent technological advances. For simple administration of active pharmaceutical substances, these tablets crumble or dissolve in the mouth without the use of water. Because of the formulation's popularity and use, several FDT technologies have been developed. FDTs are solid unit dosage forms that dissolve or disintegrate quickly in the mouth without the use of water or chewing. FDT shines in areas where pediatrics and geriatricshave trouble swallowing traditional tablets and capsules. FDT is a new drug delivery system that is intended for rapid dissolution and action, as well as treating acute illnesses with greater patient compliance. The authors gathered enough data from previous FDT trials. This review article can be used by researchers to quickly obtain latest literature on FDT.

Keywords

Disintegrating, Literature, Mouth dissolving, Past work, Polymers.

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Kappala Sailaja ¹, Hindustan Abdul Ahad, ¹, Haranath Chinthaginjala ¹, Renuka Gudisipalli ¹, Sugali Indravath Rajyalakshmi ¹, Yamuna Vagganagari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) - Autonomous, K.R. Palli Cross, Chiyyedu (P), Ananthapuramu - 515721, AP,, IN

Abstract

The work was aimed at the gathering and projection of literature on microspheres. A targeted drug delivery system is intended to increase the concentration of medication in the areas of interest while reducing its concentration in the rest of the body. Thus, the drug is localized at the target site. It does not affect the surrounding tissues. Carriers have therefore proven to be a useful approach to drug delivery since the drug is coupled with a carrier particle such as microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, and so on, that controls the release and absorption of the drug. A microsphere is a free-flowing powder consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers that are biodegradable in nature and, ideally, have a particle size of under 200 m. If it is modified, it is a reliable way to deliver the drug to the target site with high specificity and to maintain the desired concentration without unintended side effects. As a result of their long-term release, microspheres have been receiving a lot of attention, especially for their ability to target anticancer drugs to the tumor. By combining microspheres with a variety of other strategies, microspheres will have a key role in the delivery of pharmaceuticals, especially in diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene delivery, and safe, targeted, and effective in vivo delivery. This article will help research to get a quick reference to the past work done on microsphere dosage forms.

Keywords

Delivery, microspheres, release, review, target.

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Shaik Kousar ¹, Hindustan Abdul Ahad ¹, Haranath Chinthaginjala ¹, Peddagundam Babafakruddin ¹, Jyothika Lakunde ¹, Ksheerasagare Tarun ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER) - Autonomous, K.R. Palli Cross, Chiyyedu-515721, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

Abstract

The main objective of the present study is to give a general view of gas-generating floating tablets and past work done on them. The authors gave an overview of gas-generating floating tablets by referring to peer-reviewed journals, magazines, and books. The data so obtained was encrypted and compiled. The outcome of this data is the generation of a literature that helps the researchers quickly refer to the pasty work done on the gastroretentive floating tablets. The study concludes that the gas generating floating tablets not only increase gastric residence time but also provide a prolonged therapeutic effect .

Keywords

Controlled drug release, Drug delivery, Effervescent system, Floating system, Gastric retention.

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