Informatics Publishing Limited

Bidyut Sarania ¹, Ashalata Devi ¹, Awadhesh Kumar ², Kai Wang ³, Kaustubh Rakshit ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam 784 028, IN
2 Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Itanagar, Nirjuli 791 109, IN
3 School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University Pullman, Washington 99163, US

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Sulemana Abubakari ¹, Xiaohua Dong ¹, Bob Su ¹, Xiaonong Hu ¹, Ji Liu ¹, Yinghai Li ¹, Tao Peng ¹, Haibo Ma ¹, Kai Wang ², Shijin Xu ²

Affiliations
1 College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, CN
2 Hydrologic Bureau of Huaihe River Commission, Bengbu, 233001, CN

Abstract

Spatial variability in Volta basin’s climate coupled with climate change increases unpredictability and unreliability of rain-fed agriculture, putting livelihoods of the inhabitants under severe risk. Though there have been numerous studies on the hydrological response of the basin to climate change, only a few have dealt into its spatial variation. To fill up the existing gap, the spatial variation of hydrology of Volta basin under projected impacts of climate change is investigated using high resolution (0.3°~3 km) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data as observational data, Global Climate Model HadCM3, IPCC A1B emissions scenario and Soil, and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Calibration results from flow stations Dapola (R²=0.74, NSE=0.72), Nawuni (R²=0.86, NSE=0.88), and Bamboi (R²=0.82, NSE=0.80) show reasonable simulation of the basin’s hydrology, in general. Overall the simulation indicates higher spatial variability, with variability much higher at the end of the century (2071-2100). There is a greater average increase in rainfall and surface runoff in northern catchments compared to the south with average potential evapotranspiration and evapotranspiration much higher in southern catchments compared to the north. Contrary to projected increase in rainfall in the basin, some sub-basins in north and south show a decrease. Decrease ranges from 2% to 10%, whilst increase in surface runoff is in the range of 16% to 76% in some sub-basins is far greater than the basin-wide range of increase i.e., 9% to 14%. This might impact negatively on the rain-fed agriculture and also intensify flood events, respectively, in these sub-basins. There is, therefore, a call for a decentralized approach in the basin’s water resources management that incorporates the spatial variability of the hydrologic cycle into local climate change adaptation mechanisms.

Keywords

Climate Change, Hydrologic Cycle, Volta River Basin, Soil and Water Assessment, Tool (SWAT).

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Kunyu Guo ¹, Kai Wang ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, CN

Abstract

In this paper, we mainly consider quasi-homogeneous submodules of U-invariant analytic Hilbert modules over the two dimensional unit ball. It is shown that every quasi-homogeneous submodule M is essentially normal. This paper also shows that each quasi-homogeneous submodule of the Bergman module L²_α(B₂) is p-essentially normal for p > 2, and the same result also is valid for the Hardy module. The paper is associated with K-homology invariants arising from quasi-homogeneous quotient modules.

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Meng Xing ¹, Xiaoxia Li , Shanshan An ¹, Chongfeng Lan ¹, Min Fu ¹, Yunfan Shi ¹, Yan Huang , Man Tang ¹, Yulin Wan ¹, Yuchuan Wang , Jingli Peng ¹, Kai Wang ¹, Zi-Wei Ye , Shaoping Weng ¹, Qiuyun Liu ¹, Jianguo He ¹, Wenliang Zhou ¹

Affiliations
1 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory for Improved Variety Reproduction of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Province, Biomedical Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, CN

Abstract

The tumour specificities and potency of miniaturized cancer targeting peptides are among the major issues of current cancer research. Over 100 peptides were evaluated in this study. According to the observations, leucine could sustain the antibacterial and anticancer efficacy of (leucine/lysine)n ((L/K)n) peptides across different assay conditions, whereas (valine/lysine)n ((V/K)n) and (isoleucine/lysine)n ((I/K)n) peptides were less effective. Tumour targeting peptides, consisting of a leucine/lysine peptide and an antibody complementarity-determining region (CDR) fragment against CD47 receptor separated by a leucine₄ insulator, eradicated 100% of the lung cancer A549 cells at 100 μm concentration after 24 h of incubation. It also inhibited tumour growth in a mouse model of colon cancer cells, showing extensive apoptosis at the end of the treatment. Our data suggest that leucine insulators could be effective spacers in the design of targeted or plurispecific peptide drugs given the lack of σ –σ hyperconjugation on β -carbon and the lack of strong van der Waals interactions between the side group and the carbonyl group. Significant reduction of hemolysis by P45-3 with terminal alanine replacement on peptide P129 suggests that biosafety attribute of a peptide can be substantially improved.

Keywords

Anticancer Nanometre-Biomissiles, Antibody Complementarity-determining Region, Consensus Peptide Sequences, Leucine Insulator, Mouse Model.

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