Informatics Publishing Limited

Satnam Singh ¹, M. Shenhmar ¹, K. S. Brar ¹, S. K. Jalali ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab, IN
2 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The studies to evaluate the effect of insecticides recommended on sugarcane in Punjab, on parasitization and adult emergence of high temperature tolerant (PDBC, Bangalore) and Ludhiana (Punjab) strains of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii conducted during April-July 2004 at Entomological Research Farm and Biological Control Laboratory of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana revealed that Ludhiana strain of T. chilonis was more tolerant to insecticides as compared to the high temperature tolerant strain. Among the insecticides, endosulfan (Thiodan 35EC) @ 395g a. i./ha was the safest followed by imidaeloprid (Conlidor 200 SL) @ 20g a, i./ha, triazophos (Hostathion 40EC) @ 600g a. i./ha, chlorpyriphos (Dursban 20EC) @ 175g a. i,/ha and malathion 50EC @ 1250g a. i./ha. The latter two at the applied doses were highly deleterious to the parasitoid.

Keywords

Insecticides, Parasitism, Strain, Sugarcane, Trichogramma chilonis.

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Parminder Kumar ¹, M. Shenhmar ¹, K. S. Brar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, T. pretiosum Riley and T. brasiliense Ashmead were field evaluated at three different dosages (50,000, 75,000 and 100,000/ha)" against Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) on tomato. No significant difference was observed in mean egg count in all the treatments. However, significant difference was observed in larval population and lowest mean larval population (0.5 larvae/5 plants) was recorded in T. chilonis @ one lakh/ha dosage. Highest parasitism (41.07%) was recorded where releases of T. chiollis were made @ one lakh/ha, and it was on par with the treatment of 75,000/ha of T. chiollis (40.0()%). Lowest fruit damage (8.01 %) was recorded in treatment where T. chilollis was released @ one lakh/ha, which was followed by the release of T. chilonis @ 75,000/ha (9.20%), one lakh/ha of T. brasiliellse (11.66%), and T. pretiosum @ 1,000,000 and 75,000/ha (10.88 and 11.82%, respectively). Highest (261.07q/ha) yield was form treatment of T. chilonis @ one lakh/ha, followed by T. chilonis 75,000/ha (248.27q/ha).

Keywords

Dosages, Field evaluation, Helicaverpa armigera, Tomato, Trichogrammatids.

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K. S. Brar ¹, B. S. Sekhon ¹, J. Singh ¹, M. Shenhmar ¹, Joginder Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Two biocontrol based IPM modules, along with Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) spray schedules were evaluated for the management of cotton bollworms. IPM module II (3 sprays each for sucking pests and cotton bollworm + 8 releases of Trichogramma chilonis @ 1,50,000/ha/week + one release of Chrysoperla carnea @ 10,000/ha) was on par with PAU spray schedule in reducing the bollworm damage and increasing the yield. When T. chilonis (Bathinda strain) was integrated with insecticides it reduced the damage of bollworm by 70.3 percent and gave higher yield by 44.5 percent over insecticides alone.

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Cotton Bollworms, Insecticides, IPM Module, Trichogramma chilonis.

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S. Ashwani Kumar ¹, M. Shenhmar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Different cereal grains viz, maize, rice, sorghum and wheat were evaluated as food at various concentrations i. e., 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 eggs per kg for the mass production of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton). The aim was to find an alternative to sorghum, which is costly and to arrive at the optimum quantity of eggs per unit of food material. It was found that the Iife-cycle of C. cephalonica was shorter and fecundity and female progeny production were higher when reared on maize. Charging one kg of food material (maize) with of 1500 eggs of C. cephttlonica was observed to be optimum for successful mass production.

Keywords

Corcyra cephalonica, Cereals, Mass Production.

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S. Kaur ¹, K. S. Brar ¹, B. S. Sekhon ¹, N. Joshi ¹, M. Shenhmar ¹, J. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Studies were conducted to assess tbe role of natural mortality factors in Helicoverpa annigera (Hubner) on chickpea in Punjab. The larval parasitoid Campoletis chlorideae Uchida bas been recorded as the most important mortality factor. Parasitism due to C. chlorideae ranged from 0.98 to 68.50 per cent throughout the crop season. The maximum parasitism was recorded during 3rd week of February, 1999 when the minimum mean temperatures and relative humidity were 11.9°C and 95 per cent, respectively. As C.chlorideae helps in suppressing tbe pest population both at vegetative and flowering! pod formation stage or the crop, it suggests that the conservation of C. chlorideae in chickpea is important.

Keywords

Campoletis chlorideae, Chickpea, Helicoverpa armigera, Parasitoid.

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J. S. Gill ¹, G. C. Varma ¹, B. S. Sekhon ², M. Shenhmar ¹

Affiliations
1 Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, IN
2 Regional Research Station, Bathinda, IN

Abstract

The comparative efficacy of Trichogramma chilonls Ishii (8 releases @ 1,50,000 parasitized eggs/ha), T. chilonis 8 releases +5 Insecticidal sprays (3 of oxydemeton methyl 0.075% and one each of cypermethrln 0.016% and carbaryl 0.4%) and insecticide treatments having seven sprays (3 of oxydemeton methyl, 2 of cypermethrin and one each of carbaryl and fenitrothion 0.34%) against cotton bollworms was studied. The number of bolls per plant In T. chilonis, T. chilonis + insecticides and insecticide treatments was 38.8, 46.3 and 47.2 respectively and they were significantly higher than in control (19.4). The damage to loculi was significantly higher in control (47.5 per cent) while In T. chilonis, T. chilonis + insecticide and insecticide treatments it was 30.2%, 13.1% and 10.1% respectively and the latter two treatments were on par with each other. The highest yield was obtained with insecticide treatment (19.7 Q/ha) followed by T. chilonis + insecticide treatment (18.6 Q/ha) and T. chilonis treatment (12.1 Q/ha). The yield in control was 8.6 Q/ha.

Keywords

Cotton Bollworms, Trichogramma chilonis, Insecticides, Integrated Control.

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