A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Swathi, M.
- Evaluation of Gastroprotective Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Commicarpus Chinensis in Pylorus Ligted Albino Rats
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, H.K.E.'s MTR IPS, Gulbarga - 585 105, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E.'s MTR IPS, Gulbarga - 585 105, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, H.K.E.'s MTR IPS, Sedam Road, Gulbarga - 585 105, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 5 (2012), Pagination: 307-310Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the gastroprotective effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Commicarpus chinensis in pylorus ligated albino rats.
Materials and Methods
The plants were collected from the campus Gulbarga University, Gulbarga, Karnataka and authenticated by department of Botany, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga. The leaves were shade dried and subjected to extraction by percolation to obtain aqueous extract. The aqueous extract was evaluated for antiulcer activity by pylorus ligation model in albino rats. Albino rats of either sex weighing between 180-220 g were procured from the Central animal house, MR medical college, Gulbarga, Karnataka. The animals were divided into three groups of six animals in each. The animals were fasted for 48h and subjected to pylorus ligation technique for evaluating the antiulcer effect of C. chinensis. Prior approval of the IAEC was obtained for conduction of experiment.
Results
The aqueous leaf extract showed significant antiulcer activity on comparison with that of standard rabeprazole. The aqueous extract reduced the acidity of gastric juice and increased the pH of the gastric secretions, exhibiting statistically significant ulcer protection activity.
Conclusion
The antiulcer effect of C. chinensis may be due to antioxidant property contributed by the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins. Thus, C. chinensis possesses effective antiulcer property.
.Keywords
Commicarpus Chinesis, Pylorus Ligation, Rabeprazole, Antiulcer Activity.References
- Nair R, Chanda S. Activity of some medicinal plants against certain Pathogenic bacterial strains. Indian J Pharmacol. 2006; 38(2): 142-4.
- Vanila D, Ghanthikumar S, Manickam VS. Ethnomedicinal uses of plant in the plains area of tirunelveli - district, tamilnadu, india. Ethnobotanical leaflets 12. 2008; 1198-1205.
- Boxi M, Rajesh Y, Kumar RV, Praveen B, Mangamma K. Extraction, phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties of Commicarpus chinensis (aqueous leaf extract). Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2010; 1(4): 537- 47.
- Harvey S.K. A preliminary experimental study of the diuretic activity of some indigenous drugs. Indian J Med Res. 1966; 54(8): 774-78.
- Mohan VR, Chinnamadasam. Nutritional and antinutritional evaluation of some unconventional wild edible plants. Tropical and Subtropical agroecosystems 2010; 12: 495-506.
- Kulkarni SK. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 3rd Ed. Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi. 2005: 148-50.
- A Low Power DBI Based CRC Design Using GDI Technology
Authors
1 Department of ECE, B. V. Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of CSE, B. V. Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
International Journal of Research in Signal Processing, Computing & Communication System Design, Vol 3, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 26-30Abstract
In this paper, we implemented the data bus inversion cyclic redundancy check using Gate Diffusion input technique. Initially to reduce signaling power in the single-ended interface Data Bus Inversion (DBI) is required, in which the state of the data to be transmitted may or may not be inverted prior to transmission. a new CRC methodology which is based on the DBI is to reduce the CRC calculation delay time and area overhead for high-speed memory devices. GDI logic is introduced as an alternative to CMOS logic. It is a low power design technique which offers the implementation of the logic function with fewer numbers of transistors. GDI gates provide reduced voltage swing at their outputs. In GDI based CRC no of transistors are reduced and power consumption and area is decreased.Keywords
Cyclick Redundency Check, Data Bus Inversion, Gate Diffusion Input.References
- J.-H. Lee, “Implementation in high-speed semiconductor memory,” 8th International Conference on Control and Automation, IEEE, DOI 10.1109/CA.2015.13, 2015.
- K. Koo, S. Ok, Y. Kang, S. Kim, C. Song, H. Lee, H. Kim, Y. Kim, J. Lee, S. Oak, Y. J. M. Lee, J. Jang, J. C. Jung, B. Choi, Y. Hur, and B. T. Chung, “A 1.2V 38nm 2.4Gb/s/pin 2Gb DDR4 SDRAM with bank group and x4 half-page architecture,” IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference, San Francisco, California, USA, pp. 40-41, 19-23 Feb. 2012.
- S. Yoon, B. Kim, Y. Kim, and B. Chung, “A fast GDDR5 read CRC calculation circuit with read DBI operation,” IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference, Fukuoka, pp. 249-252, 2-5 Nov. 2008.
- S. J. Bae, and K.-I. Park, “An 80 nm 4 Gb/s/pin 32 bit 512 Mb GDDR4 graphics DRAM with low power and low noise data bus inversion,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 43, no.1, pp. 121-131, 2008.
- J. Moon, “Fast parallel CRC & DBI calculation for high-speed memories: GDDR5 and DDR4,” IEEE International Symposium, Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 317-320, 15-19 May, 2011.
- V. G. Oklobdzija, and D. Villeger, “Improving multiplier design using improved column compression tree and optimized final adder in CMOS technology,” IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 292-301, 1995.
- A. M. Shams, D. K. Darwish, and M. A. Bayoumi, “Performance analysis of low power 1-bit CMOS full adder cells,” IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 20-29, 2002.
- M. Maeen, V. Foroutan, and K. Navi, “On the design of low power 1-bit full adder cell,” IEICE Electron. Expr., vol. 6, no. 16, pp. 1148-1154, 2009.
- R. Patel, H. Parasar, and M. Wajid, “Faster arithmetic and logical unit CMOS design with reduced number of transistors,” Proc. of Intl. Conf. on Advances in Communication, Network and Computing, vol. 142, pp. 519-522, 2011.
- P. M. Lee, C. H. Hsu, and Y. H. Hung, “Novel 10-T full adders realized by GDI structure,” Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Circuits (ISIC), pp. 115-118, 2007.
- K. K. Chaddha, and R. Chandel, “Design and analysis of a modified low power CMOS full adder using gate-diffusion input technique,” Journal of Low Power Electronics, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 482-490, 2010.
- A. Morgenshtein, A. Fish, and I. A. Wagner, “Gate Diffusion Input (GDI): A power efficient method for digital combinatorial circuits,” IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 566-581, 2002.
- Toxicity of Some Insecticides to The Fall Army Worm Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Agricultural College, Bapatla 522101, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Entomology, Vol 84, No 3 (2022), Pagination: 680-682Abstract
A laboratory bioassay (topical application) was conducted to evaluate the relative toxicity of ten insecticides against third instar larvae of fall army worm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith). Emamectin benzoate was found to be the most toxic with least LC50 value (1 ppm). The order of toxicity was emamectin benzoate (1 ppm) > spinetoram (1.2 ppm) > chlorantraniliprole (1.8 ppm) > novaluron+ emamectin benzoate (7.7 ppm) > novaluron (18 ppm) > novaluron + indoxacarb (31.7 ppm) > flubendiamide (33.8 ppm) > indoxacarb (42.3 ppm) > lambda-cyhalothrin (77.2 ppm) > chlorpyriphos (184.7 ppm). Emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, novaluron+ emamectin benzoate, novaluron, novaluron + indoxacarb, flubendiamide, indoxacarb and lambda-cyhalothrin showed 184.70, 153.92, 102.61, 23.99, 10.26, 5.83, 5.46, 4.37 and 2.39 folds toxicity over chlorpyriphos, respectively at 72 hr after treatment.Keywords
Spodoptera frugiperda, Bioassay, Topical Application, Novaluron, Emamectin Benzoate, Indoxacarb and Spinetoram, Relative Toxicity, LC50.References
- Abbott W S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology 18: 265-267.
- Casmuz A, Juarez M L, Socias M G, Murua M G, Prieto S, Medina S. 2010. Review of the host plants of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Revista de la Sociedade Entomologica Argentina 69(3&4): 209-231.
- Dhawan A K, Sariika S, Bharati M, Kamaldeep S. 2007. Susceptibility of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) to some novel insecticides. Pesticide Research Journal 19(2): 169-171.
- Finney D J. 1971. Probit analysis (3rd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 333 p.
- Gupta G P, Birah A, Raghuraman M. 2005. Relative toxicity of novel insecticides to american bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 75(4): 235-237.
- Gutiérrez-Moreno R, Mota-Sanchez D, Blanco C, Whalon M, Terán H, Rodriguez C, DiFonzo C. 2019. Field evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology 112(2): 792-802.
- Hardke T J, Temple J H, Leonard B R, Ackson R J. 2011. Laboratory toxicity and field efficacy of selected insecticides against fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Florida Entomologist 94(2): 272-278.
- Karuppaiah V, Srivastava C, Subramanian S. 2017. Toxicity and effectiveness of newer insecticides, conventional insecticides mixtures to field populations of Spodoptera litura (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5(6): 1893-1897.
- Mahadevaswamy H M, Asokan R, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Sharanabasappa D, Prasad Y G, Maruthi M S, Shashank P R, Ibemu Ddevi N, Surakasula A, Adarsha S, Srinivas A, Rao S, Vidyasekhar, Shali R M, Shyam Sunder Reddy G, Nagesh S N. 2018. Prevalence of “R” strain and molecular diversity of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in India. 2018. Indian Journal of Entomology 80(3): 544-553.
- Mahesh M, Sunitha V, Satyanarayana J, Singh T V K, Jagadeeshwar R. 2020. Relative toxicity of new insecticide molecules against field population of Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 8(1): 791-794.
- Patra B, Das B C, Alam Sk F, Dhote V, Patra S, Chatterjee M L, Samanta A. 2015. Evaluation of new insecticides against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella on red cabbage. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 6(2): 280-284.
- Sanjeevi Kumar A, Muthukrishnan N. 2017. In-vivo and field evaluation of spinetoram 12 SC against Exelastis atomosa on pigeon pea. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5(6): 650-655.
- Sharanabasappa D, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Asokan R, Mahadeva Swamy H M, Maruthi M S, Pavithra H B, Hegde K, Navi S, Prabhu S T, Goergen G. 2018a. First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien invasive pest on maize in India. Pest Mangement in Horticultural Ecosysytems 24: 23-29.
- Sharanabasappa D, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Maruthi M S, Pavithra H B. 2018b. Biology of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize. Indian Journal of Entomology 80(3): 540-543.
- Sharanabasappa D, Pavithra H B, Kalleshwaraswamy C M, Shivanna B K, Maruthi M S, Mota-Sanchez D. 2020. Field efficacy of insecticides for management of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in India. Florida Entomologist 103(2): 221-227.
- Sisay B, Tadele T, Mulatu W, Gashawbeza A, Esayas M. 2020. The efficacy of selected synthetic insecticides and botanicals against Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in maize. Insects 10: 45.