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Chellappan, Mani
- Classical Biocontrol of Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink in Kerala Using the Parasitoid, Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)
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Affiliations
1 AICRP on Biological Control of Crop Pests and Weeds, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University AINP on Agricultural Ornithology, Vellanikkara, IN
1 AICRP on Biological Control of Crop Pests and Weeds, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University AINP on Agricultural Ornithology, Vellanikkara, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 386–388Abstract
Papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willlink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was first observed in Kerala during 2009. It was found infesting on papaya, mulberry, brinjal, tomato, cowpea, jack, plumeria, hibiscus, ocimum, raulfia, teak and rubber. Acerophagus papayae Noyes and Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was mass reared and released @ 25-100 nos. / plant in Thrissur and Ernakulam districts of Kerala. Before the release of the parasitoid the incidence was above 60 per cent and intensity was medium to very high. A rapid survey carried out in the released areas showed that the percentage of infestation came down to below five and intensity of infestation was medium to very low. In other districts the incidence was low with the activity of A. papayae.Keywords
Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus, Acerophagus papayae, Kerala.Full Text
References
- Chellappan M. 2010. Status of papaya mealybug. Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink in Kerala, pp. 40–42. In: Proceedings of the National consultation meeting on strategies for deployment and impact of the imported parasitoids of papaya mealybug. Organized by NBAII on 30th October, 2010.
- Kalyanasundaram M, Karuppuchamy P, Divya S, Sakthivel P, Rabindra RJ, Shylesha AN. 2010. Impact of release of the imported parasitoid Acerophagus papayae on the management of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus in Tamil Nadu, pp. 68–72. In: Proceedings of the National consultation meeting on strategies for deployment and impact of the imported parasitoids of papaya mealybug. Organized by NBAII on 30th October, 2010.
- Krishnakumar R, Rajan VP. 2009. Record of papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus infesting mulberry in Kerala. Insect Env. 15(3): 142.
- Lyla KR, Philip BM. 2010. Incidence of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Kerala. Insect Env. 15(4): 156.
- Nakat RV, Pokharkar DS, Dhane AS, Tamboli ND. 2010. Biological impact of Acerophagus papayae on suppression of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus in Pune region of Maharashtra, pp. 79–81. In: Proceedings of the National Consultation meeting on strategies for deployment and impact of the imported parasitoids of papaya mealybug. Organized by NBAII on 30th October, 2010.
- Shylesha AN, Rabindra RJ, Shekhar MA, Kumar V, Kumar N, Krishnamurthy A. 2010. Impact of classical biological control of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus using Acerophagus papayae in Karnataka, pp. 73–78. In: Proceedings of the national consultation meeting on strategies for deployment and impact of the imported parasitoids of papaya mealybug. Organized by NBAII on 30th October, 2010.
- Studies on Natural Enemies of Pink Pineapple Mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococciade) in Kerala
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur - 680656, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur - 680656, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 53-56Abstract
Purposive survey was conducted to document the natural enemies associated with Dysmicoccus brevipes in pineapple growing areas of Kerala. The survey was carried out between January to May 2016 at monthly intervals. Infested fruits were collected from pineapple fields and observed for natural enemies. The natural enemies recorded included four predators [Spalgis epeus (Westwood), Cacoxenus perspicax (Knab) and two species of Scymnus which are yet to be identified], one parasitoid (Chartocerus sp.) and the fungus Aspergillus sp.Keywords
Dysmicoccus brevipes, Parasitoid, Predator, Spalgis epeus.Full Text
References
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- Cham D, Davis H, Obeng-Ofori D, Owusu E. 2013. Field and laboratory studies on natural enemies associated with the newly invasive mealybug species, Paracoccus marginatus, and other pests of papaya in the eastern and greater Accra regions of Ghana. West Afric J Appl Ecol. 21(2): 23-35.
- Devasayaham S, Kova KMA, Anandara M, Thomas T, Preethi. 2009. Distribution and ecology of ischolar_main mealybugs associated with black pepper (Piper nigrum Linnaeus) in Karnataka and Kerala, India. Entomon 34: 147-154
- Goolsby JA, Kirk AA, Meyerdirk DE. 2002. Seasonal phenology and natural enemies of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Australia. Fla Entomologist 85(3): 494-498. https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2002)085[0494:SPANEO]2.0.CO;2
- Hernandez IM, Martinez MA. 2012. Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) new report on Hedychium coronorium Koenig, flower butterfly in Cuba. Rev Prot Veg. 27: 54-55.
- KAU (Kerala Agricultural University). Package of Practices Recommendations: Crops (12th Ed.). Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. 2002; 183p.
- Sether DM,Hu JS.2001. The impact of pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus-1 and reduced irrigation on pineapple yield. Aust Plant Pathol. 30: 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP00060
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- Thangamalar A, Subramanian S, Mahalingam CA. 2010. Bionomics of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus and its predator Spalgis epius in mulberry ecosystem. Karnataka J Agric Sci. 23(1): 39-41.
- Nesting biology of allodapine bee Braunsapis picitarsis (Cameron) from South India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680 656, India, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680 656, India, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680 656, India, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680 656, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 124, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 102-107Abstract
The allodapine bee, Braunsapis picitarsis (Cameron) (Allodapini: Xylocopinae: Apidae) is polylectic and found to be an important pollinator for many agricultural and horticultural crops. As B. picitarsis was found to be cryptic to other species, DNA barcoding was done to confirm the species identity. The nesting sites were located in dried twigs of peacock flower tree, Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) and a total of 83 nests were collected from 2019 to 2021. The bees preferred nesting sites with an entrance diameter of 2.83 ± 0.06 mm and a nest length of 5.38 ± 0.30 cm. The total development period was 56.85 ± 0.84 days in the laboratory. Pupa exhibited a difference in eye colour and body pigmentation during developmentFull Text
References
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- A Comparative Study on Nest Architecture And Lifecycle of Two Small Carpenter Bees Ceratina Smaragdula (F.) and Ceratina Hieroglyphica Smith
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology; College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University (KAU), Thrissur 680656, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology; College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University (KAU), Thrissur 680656, Kerala, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Entomology, Vol 84, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 38-43Abstract
Small carpenter bees Ceratina smaragdula (F.) and C. hieroglyphica Smith (Xylocopinae: Apidae) are the major pollinators of many agricultural and horticultural crops. Nesting sites of these native bee pollinators were located at dried twigs of peacock flower tree Caesalpinia pulcherrima, and a total of 199 nests were collected from 2019-2021. Both species constructed linear nests at soft pithy region of stems with a maximum of 12 cm depth and individual cells ranged 6 to 10 mm in length which were separated with partitions of 2 to 4 mm. There were no significant differences in height of the nests constructed from ground level. The younger cells were near to the entrance, whereas the mature cells were arranged towards the innermost side. The nests of bees consisted of egg, larva, pupa and adult stages; and C. smaragdula took 15.51± 0.19 days while C. hieroglyphica took 15.93± 0.27 days for completion of larval period. Total pupal period of C. smaragdula ranged from 20.71± 0.26 days whereas C. hieroglyphica ranged from 18.56± 0.16 days. Total lifecycle for C. smaragdula and C. hieroglyphica took 49.15± 0.40 and 43.19± 0.58 days under laboratory conditions.
Keywords
Ceratina smaragdula, C. hieroglyphica, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, bee pollinator, nest architecture, lifecycle, adult longevity, artificial nesting sites, active and full brood nest, polylectic bees, bee pollenFull Text
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