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Manidipa Das Gupta ¹, Radhagobinda Basak ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Commerce, Maharani Kasiswari College (Affiliated to the University of Calcutta), West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) play a significant role in introducing high level of socio-economic empowerment to all levels of social beings with its huge contribution in production, export promotion, employment generation, and value addition. Besides, it is well capable in redressing off the concomitant hazards of our nation like unemployment, poverty etc. The beneficial effect of the very sector is increased sharply if it is being participated by the marginalized gender section of our society, women. Notwithstanding, the sector cannot protect itself from several down-gradation in its survival due to several controllable and/or uncontrollable causes amongst which the inadequate need-based finance is considered to be the most severe one (All India Fourth Census Report of Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), 2006-2007). In this context, the Central Bank has declared many promotional financial policies for the neediest sector of economy which has been allowed to be practiced by all the financial institutions of which the Commercial Banks (CBs) are the most significant ones. But CBs sometimes are blamed for their unfriendly partial attitude towards the very sector for their sole emphasis on commercialization. The women-owned MSEs in this context sometimes suffer a lot for the gender-discriminative credit policy of the CBs. In India, amongst different states, West Bengal (WB) is taken as a significant contributor so far as the number of women-owned MSEs and their performances are concerned. WB here specially recognizes the engineering sector of Howrah, the former Birmingham of the East, for its special contribution in socio-economic development of it. Though men-dominated sector, women-owned units here are also found to perform prestigiously irrespective of different hindrances mainly originated from need-based financial lacuna. CBs here are also found to be responsible ones reflecting the nation-wide picture over there which ultimately puts a question on proper implementation of financial policies to serve the marginalized gender section of the society. The present paper, therefore, aims at identifying to what extent the financial assistance of Commercial Banks empowers economically the women-owned micro and small engineering enterprises of Howrah and recommending some suggestions for further improvement following descriptive research methodology and relevant statistical tools and techniques.

Keywords

Women-owned MSEs, Commercial Banks, Financial Inclusion, Economic Empowerment.

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Manidipa Das Gupta ¹, Paramita Roy Biswas ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Economics, Victoria Institution, Kolkata, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Banking sector is accepted as the main motivator in socio-economic upgradation of any country especially developing one like India. Commercial banks, specially their public domain, introduce the assistance programme to society under the portfolio of commercialisation and socialisation. Public sector banks play a pivotal role in framing the socio-economic development of our country by including all financially excluded poor populace at soft terms and conditions under their purview. But in this very effort, the said banks have to face extreme pressure due to lesser amount of deposit than advance, wilful default etc. which may have high impact on their liquidity position and thus would force them to face sustainability crisis in its professional field of activity. Therefore, to carry on a smooth operation in competitive environment, public sector banks would have to maintain a steady flow of liquidity which can be judged through some basic financial ratios.
The present paper aims at (i) assessing the consistent position of the public sector banks (listed in BSE 23.06.2016) in liquidity aspects during the period 1999-2000 to 2015-2016, (ii) making a bank-bank, bank-group (size of bank), and bank-sector comparative analysis on the liquidity position throughout the specific period, and (iii) examining any difference between and within at least two selected banks on liquidity aspects by applying some relevant statistical tools and techniques.

Keywords

Public Sector, Commercial Bank, Liquidity.

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Radhagobinda Basak ¹, Manidipa Das Gupta ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Commerce, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The present study deals with the review of literature on the area of empowerment of women through their participation in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). For this purpose, the literature has been divided into two main domains. In the first domain, literature on women participation in MSMEs and related issues has been reviewed. In the second domain, literature on empowerment of women participants and related issues has been reviewed. In the Introduction section of the study, the relevance of conducting such a study has been tried to be justified. While reviewing the literature in the second section of the study, the findings have been summarised and relationships between findings of different studies have been shown. The papers have not necessarily been reviewed chronologically. Rather, they have been arranged as per the ideas discussed in the study. Based on the findings of different studies, conclusions have been drawn for the two main domains of the study, respectively.

Keywords

MSMEs, Women, Participant, Empowerment.

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