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Mrunal Suresh Patil ¹, Dhiraj Namdeo Balwir ², Swapnil Vidhate ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & RC, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Dr.Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & RC, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Aims: To study the visual outcome following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and to study the complications associated with Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Material and Methods: The study included a total of 100 eyes of 100 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Once diagnosed to have posterior capsular opacification they were subjected to a detailed clinical examination. All patients underwent Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Patients were followed up at 1 hour, 4 hour, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 month. At every follow up detailed examination was done. BCVA and any complications were noted. Results: Post-laser, 87% patients had BCVA 6/12 or more at 3 month follow up. 10% patients had BCVA 6/24 to 6/18. Only 3% patients had visual acuity improved to less than 6/24. Out of 3 patients, 1 patient had visual acuity improved to 6/60&in remaining 2 visual acuity improved to 6/36. The complications were seen in 31 (31%) patients. Most common complication observed was transient rise in IOP. 17 eyes (17%) had transiently raised IOP. Second most common noted was pitting of IOL. Pitting was present in 7 (7%) patients, 3 (3%) patients had ruptured anterior face of vitreous, 2 (2%) patients had iritis, 1 (1%) had hyphema and 1 (1%) developed CME. IOP rise was related to grade of PCO and energy used. Conclusion: Improvement in visual acuity after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is excellent. Complications associated with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy are minimal. Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy is a safe method of restoring vision in patients with posterior capsule opacification.

Keywords

Complications, Nd:YAG laser, Posterior Capsulotomy

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Surekha Tushar Nemade ¹, Mrunal Suresh Patil ², Rajendra Annasaheb Chaudhari ², Ashok J. Vankudre ³

Affiliations
1 MVP’s Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN
2 MVP’s Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Community Medicine, MVP’s Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Aim: 1) To compare serum electrolyte levels (sodium and potassium levels) in cerebral Infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. 2) To compare serum electrolytes in thalamic and other intracranial hemorrhages. Material and Methods: In this retrospective type of study, we compared serum electrolyte levels of 70 patients, 45 diagnosed as cerebral infarction with the 25 patients, diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage. The sample for electrolyte analysis was collected within first 24 hrs of onset of the event. Result: Statistical analysis was done by Z test and independent t test using SPSS 16 which showed statistically no significant difference in serum electrolyte levels in both groups there was also no statistical difference in serum electrolyte levels in thalamic hemorrhages compared to other intracranial hemorrhages. Conclusion: Electrolyte imbalance is common in cerebrovascular accidents and needs to be intervene as early as possible irrespective of the type of cerebral insult. Correction of electrolytes imbalance can help in better prognosis of the patient and may avoid complications.

Keywords

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Cerebral Infarction, Serum Electrolytes (Serum Sodium and Potassium).

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Ashok Jaykumar Vankudre ¹, Balaji Digember Almale ¹, Mrunal Suresh Patil ², Abhijeet Madhukar Patil ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Hospital, Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN
2 Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Hospital, Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of OBGY, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Hospital, Research Centre, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Traditional viva are useful in assessing depth of knowledge and overall communication skill of student but demerits are many such as unequal time distribution for viva, gender bias, non uniformity, examiner's mood and so on. In present study we structured oral examination as an assessment tool for third year MBBS undergraduates in community Medicine and evaluating the process by taking student's as well as faculty's feedback to minimize biases. Material and Methods: Permission from Dean as well as head of department was taken. A batch of 26 students was randomly selected and enrolled in to study after informed consent. Four faculty members were randomly divided in two groups. Faculty members in structured oral examination group were sensitized and trained about it. Each student has undergone same set of questionnaire consisting of simple recall and applied questions. All the students were simultaneously assessed with traditional and structured oral examination without intermixing. Feedback in the form of questionnaire as per Likert's scale was collected for both type of viva and from students and faculties. Appropriate statistical analysis was done. Results: Analysis depicted that students were overall satisfied with the structured oral examination and felt it better than the traditional viva. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.0001) were observed in terms of uniformity of questions asked, stress, time allotment, topic coverage etc. Faculty also expressed that structured oral examinations are better in terms of reducing bias, minimising luck factor and uniformity of questions.

Keywords

Community Medicine, Structured Oral Viva, Undergraduate.

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Mrunal Suresh Patil ¹, Dhiraj Namdeo Balwir ¹, Sonal Dua ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital & RC, Adgaon, Nashik - 422003, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Aims: To study the intraoperative complications in small incision cataract surgery and its management and to study the visual outcome following the management of intraoperative complications. Material and Methods: A total of 250 cases studied from who underwent SICS. Intraoperative complications were studied and managed. Visual outcome following these complications were studied by noting the best corrected visual acuity after day 1, 1^st week, 3^rd week, 6^th week following surgery. Results: The total intraoperative complications were seen in 22 (8.8%) patients. Posterior capsule rent was seen in 6 eyes (2.4%). Iris prolapse in 5 eyes (2%). Descemet detachment was seen in 3 eyes (1.2%). Premature entry was seen in 3 eyes (1.2%). Capsulorrhexis extension was seen in 2 eyes (0.8%). Zonular dialysis was seen in 2 eyes (0.8%). Superior iridodialysis was seen in only one eye (0.4%). Out of 250 cases, 246 came for follow up till 6th week. 214 (85.6%) patients had post operative BCVA 6/6 at the end of 6^th week, 25(10%) patients had 6/9, 5 patients (2%) had 6/12-6/18 and remaining 2 patients (0.8%) had 6/24-6/36 BCVA. Conclusion: The study results shows that in high quality cataract surgery (91.2% without intraoperative complications) 99% BCVA 6/18 or better can be attained. In our study incidence of intraoperative complications was 8.8% in which posterior capsular rent and iris prolapse were the common intraoperative complications.

Keywords

Small Incision Cataract Surgery, Visual Outcome.

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