Informatics Publishing Limited

P. Ramesh Kumar ¹, P. Srinivasulu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, V.R.Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, IN

Abstract

Many emerging Web and Internet applications are based on a group communication model. Securing group communication is an important Internet design issue. A Key Graph approach has been used to implement the group key management and it is used to provide secure group communication. The group key management can be done in two ways: 1. Individual rekeying 2. Batch rekeying. Individual Rekeying is the process of rekeying after each join or leave request. The problem with individual rekeying is inefficiency and out-of-sync problem between keys and data. A batch rekeying using MARKING ALGORITHM can overcome the problems faced in the individual rekeying. The paper applies Batch rekeying by Marking Algorithm on the B-Tree (2-3 trees) and NSBHO (Non Splitting Balancing Higher Order) tree. The Analyzing done on the key server’s processing cost for batch rekeying in B-Tree and NSBHO tree. The proposed NSBHO (Non-Split Balancing High-Order) tree in which balancing tree after member joining does not involve node splitting. The implementation shows that the NSBHO tree has better average-case rekeying performance and far superior worst-case rekeying performance than a B-tree.

Keywords

Balanced Tree, Dynamic Group, Group Key Management, High-Order Tree, Secure Multicast.

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P. Srinivasulu ¹, J. Ranga Rao ¹, I. Ramesh Babu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, V R Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, IN

Abstract

In the faceless world of the Internet, online fraud is one of the greatest reasons of loss for web merchants. Advanced solutions are needed to protect e-businesses from the constant problems of fraud. Many popular fraud detection algorithms require supervised training, which needs human intervention to prepare training cases. Since it is quite often for an online transaction database to have Terabyte-level storage, human investigation to identify fraudulent transactions is very costly. This paper describes the automatic design of user profiling method for the purpose of fraud detection. We use a FP (Frequent Pattern) Tree rule-learning algorithm to adaptively profile legitimate customer behavior in a transaction database. Then the incoming transactions are compared against the user profile to uncover the anomalies. The anomaly outputs are used as input to an accumulation system for combining evidence to generate high-confidence fraud alert value. Favorable experimental results are presented.

Keywords

Fraud Detection, FP Tree, Anomalies, Adaptive Mining, Association Mining.

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P. Srinivasulu ¹, Ramesh Babu ¹, P. Pavan Kumar ¹, CH. Aruna Kumar ¹, S. Vidyadhara ¹

Affiliations
1 Chebrolu Hanumaiah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur, A.P, IN

Abstract

Background: Co administration of two or more medications to a patient is called polypharmacy. Hence, much attention is required to study the possible drug interaction in the prescription, to reduce the influence of one drug action on the another. Accordingly, the effect of candesartan cilexetil was studied on the blood glucose levels of glimepiride treated normal and diabetic rats. Method: Effect of blood glucose levels were studied by using Candesartan cilexetil and Glimepiride in normal and diabetic albino male rats at a dose of 1.44 mg/kg and 0.09 mg/kg, respectively. The blood samples were collected during the study at the time intervals of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours. The samples were subjected to estimation of blood glucose levels using glucometer. Results: The present study was conducted in both normal and diabetic rats. Glimepiride showed its hypoglycemic effect at the 4^th hour, whereas candesartan cilexetil doesn’t show any changes in blood glucose levels in both normal and diabetic rats. In normal rats, candesartan cilexetil doesn’t affect on the blood glucose levels of glimepiride in both single and multiple dose studies. In diabetic rats, the candesartan cilexetil showed significant action on blood glucose levels of glimepiride in multiple dose interaction study but the insignificant effect of candesartan cilexetil in single dose interaction on glimepiride. Hence, the interaction was carefully monitored in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: The study suggested that candesartan cilexetil has a profound effect on blood glucose levels of glimepiride on long term use; the possible mechanism for the cause is either angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors improve insulin sensitivity or inhibition of CYP2C9. The study also recommended that caution must be taken while prescribing with the combination of candesartan cilexetil and glimepiride or its analogs.

Keywords

Diabetes, Polypharmacy, Blood Glucose Levels, Candesartan Cilexetil, Glimepiride, Albino Male Rats.

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Bimal K. Bhattacharya ¹, Robert O. Green ², Sadasiva Rao ³, M. Saxena ¹, Shweta Sharma ¹, K. Ajay Kumar ¹, P. Srinivasulu ³, Shashikant Sharma ¹, D. Dhar ¹, S. Bandyopadhyay ⁴, Shantanu Bhatwadekar ⁴, Raj Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
2 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA 91109, IN
3 National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Hyderabad 500 625, IN
4 Earth Observation Science Directorate, Indian Space Research Organisation, Bengaluru 560 231, IN

Abstract

The first phase of an airborne science campaign has been carried out with the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) imaging spectrometer over 22,840 sq. km across 57 sites in India during 84 days from 16 December 2015 to 6 March 2016. This campaign was organized under the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) joint initiative for HYperSpectral Imaging (HYSI) programme. To support the campaign, synchronous field campaigns and ground measurements were also carried out over these sites spanning themes related to crop, soil, forest, geology, coastal, ocean, river water, snow, urban, etc. AVIRIS-NG measures the spectral range from 380 to 2510 nm at 5 nm sampling with a ground sampling distance ranging from 4 to 8 m and flight altitude of 4–8 km. On-board and ground-based calibration and processing were carried out to generate level 0 (L0) and level 1 (L1) products respectively. An atmospheric correction scheme has been developed to convert the measured radiances to surface reflectance (level 2). These spectroscopic signatures are intended to discriminate surface types and retrieve physical and compositional parameters for the study of terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric properties. The results from this campaign will support a range of objectives, including demonstration of advanced applications for societal benefits, validation of models/techniques, development of state-of-the-art spectral libraries, testing and refinement of automated tools for users, and definition of requirements for future space-based missions that can provide this class of measurements routinely for a range of important applications.

Keywords

Airborne Science Campaign, Hyperspectral Sensing, Imaging Spectrometer, Surface Reflectance.

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