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- Ramya Yella
- Sudershan R. Vemula
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- SubbaRao M. Gavaravarapu
- A. Bhagyasri
- N. Balakrishna
- V. Sudershan Rao
- A. Tamil Selvan
- R. Suthakaran
- B. Karun Kumar
- M. Naveena Mala
- D. Jai Ram
- M. Praveen
- B. N. Jagadale
- J. S. Bhat
- D. P. Chakravarthy
- V. S. Deepika Rani
- Sudershan Rao Vemula
- P. Uday Kumar
- R. Hemalatha
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Naveen Kumar, R.
- Food Safety in Domestic Refrigerators - A Mixed Methods Study to Identify Key Messages for Promoting Safe Storage Practices among Households
Abstract Views :268 |
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Authors
Ramya Yella
1,
R. Naveen Kumar
2,
Sudershan R. Vemula
2,
Balakrishna Nagalla
3,
SubbaRao M. Gavaravarapu
4
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007 Telangana State, IN
2 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
3 Division of Biostatistics National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
4 Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007 Telangana State, IN
2 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
3 Division of Biostatistics National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
4 Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 53, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 1-14Abstract
A significant proportion of foodborne diseases arise from practices in home kitchens. Not only how food is handled but also how it is stored determines its safety. The current study aimed to assess knowledge and practices of households related to storage of foods in refrigerator and identify key messages to promote safe storage practices. A cross-sectional study employing mixed methods (combination of quantitative and qualitative methods) was carried out among households who owned refrigerators. Quantitative data on knowledge and practices were collected from women (n=120) who were responsible for cooking and storing foods at household level using a pretested questionnaire and qualitative data on status of the refrigerators was collected using non-participant observation technique. Leftover foods stored in refrigerators for > 24h were collected from a sub-sample (n=18) to assess the presence of food pathogens. Over 34.2% preserved leftover non-vegetarian foods at room temperature. About 65% stored leftover foods in refrigerators for >24h. Only 10% cleaned the refrigerator every week and about 20% had knowledge of the working temperature of the refrigerators. There was a significant association (P<0.05) between education and knowledge as well as practices among households. Salmonella spp. (44.4%), E. coli (27.7%), fecal coliforms (11.1%) and S. aureus (5.5%) were detected in refrigerated leftover foods. Observational studies revealed some risky storage behaviors. Most of the households are not aware of the safe storage and refrigeration practices. The detected foodborne pathogens in refrigerated leftover food samples indicate a potential hazard in refrigerated foods. The study identified five key messages for food safety communication.Keywords
Refrigeration, Food Safety, Practices, Knowledge, Key Messages.
References
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- Kennedy, J., Jackson, V., Blair, I.S, McDowell, D.A., Cowan, C. and Bolton, D.J. Food safety knowledge of respondents and the microbiological and temperature status of their refrigerators. J. Fd. Prot., 2005, 68, 1421-1430.
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- Towns, E.R., Cullen, W.R., Memken, A.J. and Nnakwe, E.N. Food safety-related refrigeration and freezer practices and attitudes of consumers in Peoria and surrounding countries. J. Fd. Prot., 2006, 69, 1640-1645.
- FSIC (food Safety Information Council). Food safety tips – fruits and vegetables. Available at: http://www.foodsafety.asn.au/resources/fruit-and-vegetables/ (Accessed on 29th November 2015)
- Mitakakis, T.Z., Sinclair, M.I., Fairley, C.K., Lightbody, P.K., Leder, K. and Hellard, M.E. Food safety in family homes in Melbourne, Australia. J. Fd. Prot., 2004, 67, 818-822.
- Exposure Assessment of Artificial Sweeteners among Type 2 Diabetic, Overweight and Obese Individuals
Abstract Views :362 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 53, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 268-276Abstract
In recent years consumption of artificially sweetened foods and beverages became popular in India, with the regulatory formulations to use them in selected foods; their inclusion especially in sweets, biscuits and beverages has increased. There are many concerns rising regarding their safety and is becoming an area of controversy. So an exposure assessment has been carried out to evaluate intake levels among type II diabetic, overweight and obese individuals. A cross-sectional study design was applied and a food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain the information on consumption pattern. Range, standard deviation and mean daily intake levels were calculated and the values were compared with an appropriate Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Results indicated that, the mean daily intake levels of aspartame (0.85±0.75) were found to be high among type 2 diabetic individuals whereas sucralose (0.41±0.41) and acesulfame-k (0.07±0.02) were high among overweight group. There was a significant difference (p<0.0001) observed in intake levels among both groups and all the sweeteners were found to be well within the ADI levels.Keywords
Artificial Sweeteners, Diabetes, Aspartame, Overweight and Obesity.References
- Ahmad, S., Farooq, A.K., Abdul, H. and Muhammad, S.N. A Review on potential toxicity of artificial sweeteners vs. safety of stevia: A natural bio-sweetener J. Bio, Agric. Healthcare., 2014, 4, 137-147.
- JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives), Neotame – food additive series 52, First draft prepared by Dr P.J. Abbott, 2004.
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- Bellisle, F. and Drewnowski, A. Intense sweeteners, energy intake and the control of body weight. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 2007, 61, 691–700.
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- Mathur, P. and Arushi Jain. Intake of processed foods and selected food additives among teenagers of 13-19 years of Delhi, India: Asian J. multidiscipl. stud., 2014, 4, 64-77.
- Tripathi, M., Khanna, S.K. and Das, M. Usage of saccharin in food products and its intake by the population of Lucknow, India. J. Fd. Additives. Contaminants, 2006, 23, 1270-1275.
- Llback, N.G., Alzin, M., Jahrl, S., Enghardt-Barbieri, H. and Busk, L. Estimated intake of the artificial sweeteners acesulfame-k, aspartame, cyclamate and saccharin in a group of Swedish diabetics. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 2003, 20, 99-114.
- Poonam singhal and Pulkit Mathur, Availability and consumption pattern of artificial sweeteners among diabetics, overweight individuals and college girls in Delhi. Ind. J. Dietet., 2008, 45, 26.
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- Arcella, D., Le Donne, C., Piccinelli, R. and Leclercq, C. Dietary estimated intake of intense sweeteners by Italian teenagers. Present levels and projections derived from the INRANRM2001 food survey. J. Fd. Chem. Toxicol., 2004, 42, 677–685.
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- Garnier-sagne, I., Leblanc, J.C. and Verger, P. Calculation of the intake of three intense sweeteners in young insulin-dependent diabetics. J. Fd. Chem. Toxicol., 2001, 39, 745-749.
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- Pharmacognostical and Pharmacological Evaluation of the Polyherbal Extract on Rodents
Abstract Views :136 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
A. Tamil Selvan
1,
R. Suthakaran
1,
B. Karun Kumar
1,
R. Naveen Kumar
1,
M. Naveena Mala
1,
D. Jai Ram
1,
M. Praveen
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Meerpet, Saroor Nagar (M), Hyderabad, IN
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Meerpet, Saroor Nagar (M), Hyderabad, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol 6, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 80-83Abstract
Hyperlipedemic is the greatest risk factor for coronary heart diseases. It is characterized by elevated serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein and decreased high density lipoprotein levels. Methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna (bark), Phyllanthus emblica (fruits), Withania somnifera (leaves), Convolvulus pluricaulis (whole plant), Piper betle (leaves), Allium sativum (bulb), Piper longum (dry fruits), Zingiber officinale (rhizomes), Tribulus terrestris (whole plant) and Cardamom (dry fruits) these herbs were tested against high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipedemic in adult albino rats. The therapeutic dose is calculated as 200mg/kg as per the toxicity guidelines OECD 423. Fenofibrate 65mg/kg is used as a standard drug. The methanolic extracts shows a significant decrease in the levels of serum cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and significant increase in the level of serum HDL against high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipedemic rats. The results shows that the polyherbal extract possess significant (p<0.001) antihyperlipedemic activity suggesting the potential role in coronary artery disease and in hyperlipidemia.Keywords
Antioxidant, Polyherbs, Hyperlipidemia, High Cholesterol Diet, Methanolic Extract.- Hybrid Image Compression using Modified Singular Value Decomposition and Adaptive Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Tree
Abstract Views :198 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta, Shimoga – 577451, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Physics, Karnataka University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad – 580003, Karnataka, IN
1 Department of Electronics, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta, Shimoga – 577451, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Physics, Karnataka University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad – 580003, Karnataka, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 10, No 28 (2017), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: Image communication in web applications becomes handy because of highly developed compression tools. Human eye fixate on an image’s preview, carefully adjusting the quality and optimization settings until we’ve found that sweet spot, where the file size and quality are both the best they can possibly be. Method: This paper presents a new algorithm, which uses modified singular value decomposition (SVD) and adaptive Set Partition Hierarchical Tree (ASPIHT) for grayscale image compression. This hybrid method uses modified rank one updated SVD as a pre-processing step for ASPIHT to increase the quality of the reconstructed image. Findings: The high energy compaction in SVD process offers high image quality with less compression and requires a number of bits for reconstruction. On the other hand, ASPIHT compression also offers high image quality by coding more significant coefficients adaptively with high compression at specified bitrates. The proposed method is a combination of both SVD and ASPIHT for image compression and is tested with several test images and results are compared with those of SPIHT, ASPIHT without arithmetic coding and JPEG2000. Novelty: This method improves the quality of reconstruction without altering the compression rates of SPIHT algorithm. The tabulated results show significant improvement in PSNR at higher compression ratios as compared to other methods.Keywords
Adaptive Set Partitioned Hierarchical Tree, Image Compression, Rank One Updated Singular Value DecompositionFull Text
- Development of Ingenious Technique for Salmonella Decontamination of Spices Using Hybrid Technology of Ozone-Pulsed UV
Abstract Views :265 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, IN
2 Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad, IN
1 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, IN
2 Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 54, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 376-386Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of using hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV to decontaminate Salmonella on spices such as chilli and pepper. The effect of ozone in combination with UV was tested against the pure culture of Salmonella. The results indicated that 0.2 ppm concentration of ozone was very effective in reducing (2 log reduction) the Salmonella population. Effect of ozone and extended duration of UV on Salmonella showed a significant reduction at 0.2 ppm (5 log), 0.8 ppm (2 log) and 1.4 ppm (5 log) along with 20 min of extended UV exposure. Inactivation of Salmonella in chilli (six trials) and their log reduction by ozone with extended UV indicated a significant reduction of 1 log at 1.4 ppm conc. of ozone and 15 min of exposure time along with 30 mins of UV exposure. Similarly 2 log reduction of Salmonella was observed in pepper. Analysis of moisture, ash and fat content of ozone treated and non treated spice samples indicated that they are not significant to each other. The results demonstrated that the hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV is an effective alternative microbial reduction technique for spices.Keywords
Hybrid Technology, Ozone Pulsed UV, Fumigator, Spices, Decontamination, Salmonella.References
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- A Review on Regulatory Aspects of Food Contact Materials (FCM’S)
Abstract Views :337 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Food Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, IN
1 Food Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 55, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 500-519Abstract
Since the advent of commercial production of Food Contact Materials (FCM) and their extensive use in day to day life, many harmful effects on health were reported to be caused due to ingestion of food contaminated with constituents that migrated from FCM. Over the years, this aspect of food safety from FCM rose to be an important research interest and thus added scientific information on FCM. Based on the scientific evidence and new issues being raised (E.g. BPA replaced by other substances), these regulations are also being molded from time to time across the world. Therefore this review aims at providing an overview of regulations and amendments on FCM in various countries with emphasis on important aspects (e.g. traceability and safeguard measures of EU framework regulations, Food contact notification of USFDA, etc.) in FCM laws. Hereunder, for a better understanding of these regulations, various countries reviewed in this article are grouped into 3 categories, i.e. – countries having 1) specific regulations 2) Non- specific/ few regulations 3) No data available on FCM regulations. Though these regulations differed from one country to other, all were formulated with a primary objective, of ensuring consumer food safety. This review will not only help in ensuring food safety but also helps in, to strengthen regulatory framework and grow in trade, fulfilling the gaps with global FCM regulations.Keywords
Food Contact Materials, Food Packaging, Indirect Food Additives, Regulations.References
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- Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - A Food Additive
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Pathology and Microbiology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 Pathology and Microbiology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 57, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 98-107Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) also known as glutamic acid is a non essential amino acid used as a flavor enhancer worldwide. MSG is found naturally in tomatoes, grapes, cheese, mushrooms and other foods. It is one of the most widely used food additive in commercial foods. Monosodium glutamate is believed to be associated with different health problems viz., obesity, asthma, metabolic disorders, Chinese restaurant syndrome, neurotoxic effects and detrimental effects on the reproductive organs. Literature showed MSG was associated with adverse side-effects particularly in animals including induction of obesity, diabetes, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic and genotoxic effects. Literature showed that increased consumption of monosodium glutamate may be associated with harmful health effects. Further Intensive research is required to explore monosodium glutamate–related molecular and metabolic mechanisms.
Keywords
Monosodium Glutamate, Flavour Enhancer, Food Additive, Chinese Restaurant Syndrome.References
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