Informatics Publishing Limited

Brijendra Singh , Renu Gupta , Rajneesh Garg

Abstract

As the science develops new innovations as well as new products come for the comfort and help of mankind to lesser physical and mental labor and input efforts for a particular task. One of the good examples is calculator and other is mobile phone, they help us to this extent that somehow we become dependent on both of them and to a larger extent on mobile phones. Today this is difficult to think a life without a mobile phone because this is not only a phone but also a calculator, camera, computer, email, store house of information, play station and a lovely music system too. These reasons are enough compelling to have and use mobile phones in our day to day life for any gender or age. This usage of mobile phone is increasing day by day in numbers as well as in per hour per person usage too. This too much or unusual use or unsafe usage has become some sort of psychological and physical dependence to an extent of addiction lending in behavioral changes. This is dual sword. As a good citizen, we are in a position to analyze whether the science and technology like mobile is doing good to human beings or it harms if, so on what cost? mobile is lifeline in hands of health care professionals, aa need in emergency to anyone, plumber,electrician, laundry, food and catering services all are just a phone call away but misuses are also many like small time to big time thieves, terrorists, match fixing, MMS scandals, ransoms, crimes etc. Anything of too much becomes a nuisance, mobile phones are helpful or do much harm in terms of studies, concentration, focus, behavior and dependency? is the purpose of this survey and analysis in MBBS medical students.

Keywords

Mobile Phone, Use, Misuse, Behavior, Medical Students, Dependency

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Brijendra Singh , Renu Gupta , Rajneesh Garg

Abstract

Anotia is a condition when ears are completely absent while microtia is a congenital anomaly of the face in which ear are malformed since birth that ranges in severity from mild structural abnormalities to complete absence of the ear and its parts. It occurs as an isolated birth defect or as a part of spectrum of anomalies or a syndrome. This may happen as a part of first branchial arch syndrome or in isolation too. The prevalence is considered to be higher in Hispanics, Asians, Native Americans, and Andeans. The etiology of microtia and the causes of this congenital anomaly is still not clearly defined or explained till now; there is wide variability in prevalence that too is poorly understood. Strong evidence supports the role of environmental and genetic causes for microtia. In this paper we tried to review current knowledge of the epidemiology and genetics of microtia, including potential candidate genes supported by evidence from human syndromes and animal models. Because our findings are entirely different about its hereditical and bilateral involvement makes this case a rare and special.

Keywords

Microtia, Anotia, Congenital Defect, Hereditary, Ear Deformity

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